INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('582e531b-3f74-40a0-a553-f24e22dd70f9', 'wen', 'A benign lump or wart-like swelling on the skin or head.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', '*wanja-', 'a swelling', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*wen-', '{"era":"current","word":"wen","meaning":"a benign lump or wart-like swelling","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wenn","meaning":"a wen, tumor, wart","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wanja-","meaning":"a swelling","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wen- (2)","meaning":"to beat, wound","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wound','wounded','wounding','wounds']::text[], '[{"word":"bump","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wart","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tumor","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T11:33:24.413Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5d4a30f4-1ede-4a4e-b682-2cd6a2394812', 'wench', 'An archaic or pejorative word for a girl or young woman.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Proto-Germanic *wankilą', 'swaying; wavering; unsteady', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wench","meaning":"an archaic or pejorative word for a girl or young woman","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wench / wenche","meaning":"girl; maiden; young woman","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wenchel","meaning":"girl; maiden; child","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wenċel / winċel","meaning":"child; servant; slave","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wankilą","meaning":"swaying; wavering; unsteady","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wenchel','wencher','wenching','wenches','wankle']::text[], '[{"word":"girl","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"lass","formality":"informal"},{"word":"maiden","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T19:49:51.880Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ca278c85-eb26-44dc-8e47-a1fb8cc90756', 'went', 'Past tense of go, indicating movement or departure.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English wendan', 'to turn, proceed', 'Old English', '800s', '*wend-', '{"era":"current","word":"went","meaning":"past tense of go","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wende","meaning":"went","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"wendan","meaning":"to turn, proceed, go","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"windiz","meaning":"to turn, wind","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['go','wend','gone','going']::text[], '[{"word":"traveled","formality":"formal"},{"word":"departed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"headed","formality":"informal"},{"word":"proceeded","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.002Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1ee5e98f-2015-4976-8d29-4f95b70fea86', 'were', 'Second person singular or first, second, or third person plural past tense of be.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wǽron', 'were, stayed', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wes-', '{"era":"current","word":"were","meaning":"past tense of be","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wǽron","meaning":"were","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wesum","meaning":"to be, stay","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['be','been','being','was']::text[], '[{"word":"existed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"was","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.553Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('43340003-585f-4e6a-a8bf-ba47959c3075', 'werewolf', 'A mythical creature, a human with the ability to shapeshift into a wolf.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'werwulf', 'man-wolf', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"werewolf","meaning":"a person transformed into a wolf","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"werwulf","meaning":"man-wolf","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wer","meaning":"man","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wulf","meaning":"wolf","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wolf','man','lycanthropy','wergeld']::text[], '[{"word":"lycanthrope","formality":"technical"},{"word":"shapeshifter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"beast","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:20:50.894Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('828de9ea-0ada-4aa5-84ef-3dff1062afd2', 'west', 'The direction toward the sunset; the region or countries in this direction.', 'noun', 'oeste', 'germanic', 'west', 'direction of sunset', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wes-', '{"era":"current","word":"west","meaning":"sunset direction","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"west","meaning":"sunset direction","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"west","meaning":"west, westward","children":[{"era":"pre-1000 BCE","word":"*wes-","meaning":"evening, night","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['western','westward','southwest','northwest','westerner']::text[], '[{"word":"occidental","formality":"formal"},{"word":"westward","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sunset direction","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:04:09.085Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c548fd37-e165-466a-aa0c-033f147adf91', 'western', 'Of, relating to, or situated in the west; characteristic of the Western world.', 'adjective', 'occidental', 'germanic', 'west', 'the direction of the setting sun', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wes-', '{"era":"current","word":"western","meaning":"of or in the west","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"west","meaning":"direction of sunset","children":[{"era":"pre-2000 BCE","word":"*wes-","meaning":"to dwell, sunset direction","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['west','westerly','westward','western-most']::text[], '[{"word":"occidental","formality":"formal"},{"word":"west","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"westward","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:09.483Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b0cbfb7b-de6d-4c80-a8c5-e258f26196c8', 'wet', 'Covered or saturated with water or another liquid.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wæt', 'wet, moist', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wed-', '{"era":"current","word":"wet","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wæt","meaning":"wet, moist","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wat","meaning":"wet","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['water','wash','wetness','wetter']::text[], '[{"word":"moist","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"damp","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"soaked","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T17:03:45.172Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('808dc883-f191-4cd2-bb6f-7f7fb4c8f0e7', 'whale', 'A very large marine mammal with a streamlined hairless body, a horizontal tail fin, and a blowhole on top of the head for breathing.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwal', 'whale', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kw(h)al-', '{"era":"current","word":"whale","meaning":"a large marine mammal","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwæl","meaning":"whale","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*hwalaz","meaning":"whale","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['narwhal','walrus','halibut','whaling']::text[], '[{"word":"cetacean","formality":"technical"},{"word":"leviathan","formality":"literary"},{"word":"sea giant","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:05:39.616Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('040e32a1-011b-4118-b806-e5c262538ce5', 'wham', 'A loud, heavy blow or impact.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wham","meaning":"a loud, heavy blow or impact","children":[{"era":"1920s","word":"echoic formation","meaning":"an imitative sound word","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whammy','whammo','wham-bam','whammed','whamming']::text[], '[{"word":"bang","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"smack","formality":"informal"},{"word":"thud","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T14:38:06.774Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0ba7e12f-1a07-40e1-9ccf-4a8fc2849516', 'what', 'Used to ask for information about something or to introduce a clause about something.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwæt', 'what, which thing', 'Old English', '800-1100', '*kwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"what","meaning":"interrogative or relative pronoun","children":[{"era":"800-1100","word":"hwæt","meaning":"what, which thing","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*hwat","meaning":"what","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whatever','whatsoever','whit']::text[], '[{"word":"which thing","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"that which","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:31.020Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9151defe-a5fd-46e4-859e-1b2eb938c494', 'whatever', 'Anything or any amount; used to express indifference or to emphasize scope.', 'determiner', NULL, 'germanic', 'what', 'which thing', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*hwat-', '{"era":"current","word":"whatever","meaning":"anything at all","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"what + ever","meaning":"any thing","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwæt","meaning":"which thing","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['what','whatsoever','whenever','wherever']::text[], '[{"word":"anything","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"no matter what","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"anything at all","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:43.496Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d801eb37-6833-465f-b4ec-12b69e300259', 'whatnot', 'A miscellaneous thing or assortment of unspecified items.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whatnot","meaning":"a miscellaneous thing or assortment of unspecified items","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"what","meaning":"a question word for things or identity","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"not","meaning":"negation or absence","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['what','whatever','whatsoever','nothing','naught']::text[], '[{"word":"odds and ends","formality":"informal"},{"word":"miscellany","formality":"formal"},{"word":"assortment","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T02:42:12.880Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('24a816e2-61c0-4da8-9af0-64976d60efd1', 'whatsoever', 'At all; of any kind (used for emphasis after a negative).', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'what so ever', 'whatever, of any kind', 'Middle English', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whatsoever","meaning":"at all, of any kind","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"what so ever","meaning":"whatever, of any kind","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"what","meaning":"what","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"so","meaning":"so","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ever","meaning":"ever","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whatever','whichever','however','whencesoever']::text[], '[{"word":"at all","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"in any respect","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:16:48.517Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('acdf2f9c-4325-4884-bb56-2abdbb161789', 'wheat', 'A cereal grain, the most important type grown in temperate countries.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwæt', 'white', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*h₂weyd-', '{"era":"current","word":"wheat","meaning":"A cereal grain.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwǣte","meaning":"wheat","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*waitija-","meaning":"wheat","children":[{"era":"3000-2500 BCE","word":"*h₂weyd-","meaning":"to lighten, whiten","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['white','whiten','whitish','wheatgrass']::text[], '[{"word":"grain","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cereal","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:19:15.147Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b4a9e704-4f38-49b5-a2f6-8644379cc2fc', 'whee', 'An interjection used to express excitement, delight, or exhilaration.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whee","meaning":"an exclamation of excitement or delight","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"whee","meaning":"a sound-symbolic cry imitating a high-pitched squeal or whistle","children":[],"language":"imitative formation"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wheee','whoop','whiz','woohoo']::text[], '[{"word":"yippee","formality":"informal"},{"word":"whoopee","formality":"informal"},{"word":"woohoo","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T04:30:41.432Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('708ece5c-c966-42aa-bbe1-f4185b98091b', 'wheel', 'A circular object that rotates on an axle and is used to facilitate movement or transmission of power.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwēol', 'circular object that turns', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kwel-', '{"era":"current","word":"wheel","meaning":"a rotating circular device","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wheel","meaning":"hwēol, rotating disk","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"hwēol","meaning":"circular turning object","children":[{"era":"pre-2000 BCE","word":"*kwel-","meaning":"to turn, to roll","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wheeled','wheeler','wheelbarrow','wheels']::text[], '[{"word":"disk","formality":"technical"},{"word":"tire","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rim","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:49.286Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7f1ae919-1479-47cd-9d76-a4e06d65c537', 'wheelchair', 'A chair with wheels, designed for use by people who cannot walk.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wheel, chair', 'circular frame, seat', 'Old English, Old French', 'pre-1100 (wheel), 1200s (chair)', '*kʷekʷlo-', '{"era":"current","word":"wheelchair","meaning":"A chair with wheels, designed for use by people who cannot walk.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wheel","meaning":"circular frame, disk","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*hwehwlaz","meaning":"wheel","children":[{"era":"pre-2000 BCE","word":"*kʷekʷlo-","meaning":"wheel, circle","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"chair","meaning":"seat","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cathedra","meaning":"seat, chair","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"kathédra","meaning":"seat","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wheeled','wheelbarrow','chairperson','armchair','rollator']::text[], '[{"word":"mobility aid","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"invalid chair","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"rolling chair","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:05:56.717Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9caec0dd-04a0-47ae-b9dd-69fa60dc9f46', 'wheeze', 'To wheeze is to breathe with a rough, high-pitched, whistling sound.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwēosan', 'to wheeze, hiss, pant', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wheeze","meaning":"to breathe with a rough, high-pitched, whistling sound","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwēosan","meaning":"to wheeze, hiss, pant","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wheezing','wheezy','wheezer','wheezed','wheezily']::text[], '[{"word":"pant","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"gasp","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"puff","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T14:30:50.423Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('969d5f8a-3528-4ea6-89ca-1309b1c457eb', 'when', 'At what time or during the time that something happens.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwenne', 'at what time, when', 'Old English', '800-1100', '*hwen-', '{"era":"current","word":"when","meaning":"at what time or during the time that","children":[{"era":"1200-1500","word":"when","meaning":"when, at what time","children":[{"era":"800-1100","word":"hwenne","meaning":"at what time, when","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*hwen-","meaning":"when","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whenever','whence','while','whence']::text[], '[{"word":"at what time","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"at which time","formality":"formal"},{"word":"during the time that","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:31.020Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bf51407f-4e97-491c-8947-491063d727a9', 'whenever', 'At whatever time; on whatever occasion.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwonne, ǣfre', 'when, ever', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whenever","meaning":"At whatever time.","children":[{"era":"current","word":"when","meaning":"at what time","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwonne","meaning":"when","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"ever","meaning":"at any time","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ǣfre","meaning":"ever","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wherever','however','whatever','whenever possible']::text[], '[{"word":"anytime","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"at any time","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:03:13.590Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('42913782-f37f-492f-823d-5d7bf584abc1', 'where', 'At, in, or to what place or location.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English hwær', 'at what place', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*hwer-', '{"era":"current","word":"where","meaning":"at what place","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwær","meaning":"at what place","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"*hwer-","meaning":"interrogative stem for location","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whereas','whereby','wherefore','wherever']::text[], '[{"word":"what place","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"location","formality":"formal"},{"word":"spot","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:15:41.056Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('172e692e-ff25-4b4c-babe-cd8ed04c19dc', 'whereabouts', 'The place where someone or something is.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'where + about', 'at what place + around', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kʷo-', '{"era":"current","word":"whereabouts","meaning":"location","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"where","meaning":"at what place","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"about","meaning":"around","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['where','about','herein','therein','hereabouts']::text[], '[{"word":"location","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"position","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"locale","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:18:44.922Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c4ce659c-b7e2-4d2c-8fdc-5cda693cac6c', 'whereas', 'In contrast or comparison with the fact that; while on the contrary.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'wher as', 'where + as (in that respect)', 'Middle English', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whereas","meaning":"In contrast or comparison with","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"wher as","meaning":"where as","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwær","meaning":"where","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"alswa","meaning":"also, as","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wherever','wherefore','therefore','insofar']::text[], '[{"word":"while","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"although","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"however","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T16:03:40.850Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c4c80d32-8e47-4913-8d86-e63d414e2640', 'wherever', 'In any place or circumstance whatever.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwǣr', 'where', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kʷo-', '{"era":"current","word":"wherever","meaning":"in any place","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"where","meaning":"at what place","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ever","meaning":"at any time","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['where','anywhere','everywhere','whither','whereabouts']::text[], '[{"word":"anywhere","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"no matter where","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wherever possible","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:20:34.449Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e3b23759-d12c-43af-800b-0c949a786c3f', 'whether', 'A conjunction expressing doubt between alternatives; if.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwaether', 'which of two', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"whether","meaning":"expressing conditional doubt between alternatives","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"whether","meaning":"which of two","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwaether","meaning":"which of two","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['either','neither','rather','wherewithal']::text[], '[{"word":"if","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"which","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.812Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('abd1af80-55e9-49a6-bd2e-2eb4cb868561', 'whew', 'An exclamation expressing relief, surprise, or exhaustion.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whew","meaning":"An exclamation expressing relief, surprise, or exhaustion.","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"whew","meaning":"imitative sound","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whoa','pshew','phew','shoo']::text[], '[{"word":"phew","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ah","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"gosh","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:16:48.517Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d19c916a-ba9c-490f-b26f-c95c3f8ba412', 'which', 'Used to ask about a person or thing, or to introduce a clause about something previously mentioned.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwilc', 'what kind of, which', 'Old English', '800-1100', '*kwo-lik-', '{"era":"current","word":"which","meaning":"interrogative or relative pronoun","children":[{"era":"1200-1500","word":"which","meaning":"which, what","children":[{"era":"800-1100","word":"hwilc","meaning":"what kind of, which","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whichever','whilom']::text[], '[{"word":"what","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"that one","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"the one","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:31.020Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c77dea81-9786-4e9c-a8d5-05fe69b067bf', 'whichever', 'Whichever means any one of a set, without specifying which one in advance.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwilikaz', 'which one', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*hwilikaz', '{"era":"current","word":"whichever","meaning":"any one of a set, without specifying which one in advance","children":[{"era":"1100s–1500s","word":"which","meaning":"which one","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwilc","meaning":"which","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ever","meaning":"at any time; intensifier in compounds","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['which','whatever','whoever','whichever one']::text[], '[{"word":"any","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"either","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"whatever","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-09T23:24:33.976Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('248df3d4-ceed-434a-a7b9-6217e120c729', 'whiff', 'A whiff is a brief puff or faint trace of air, odor, smoke, or sound.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whiff","meaning":"a brief puff or faint trace of something","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"Middle English whif","meaning":"a puff or blow; probably imitative in origin","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whiffs','whiffed','whiffing','whiffle','whiffletree']::text[], '[{"word":"puff","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trace","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hint","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"breath","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T04:30:41.432Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('51213c0f-f8b1-40c1-a184-8b01ca6e5604', 'while', 'A period of time; used to introduce a contrast or during the time that something happens.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwīl', 'rest, a period of time', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kweh₂il- (to rest)', '{"era":"current","word":"while","meaning":"during the time that; a period of time","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"while","meaning":"a period of time","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwīl","meaning":"rest, repose, time","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whilom','awhile','whilst','whiles']::text[], '[{"word":"during","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"whereas","formality":"formal"},{"word":"although","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.628Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('92d658f2-414c-458b-af4e-d06eadad8f90', 'whilst', 'During the time that; simultaneously.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwīl', 'time, while', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kʷih₁l-', '{"era":"current","word":"whilst","meaning":"during the time that","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"whilest","meaning":"while, during the time that","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwīl","meaning":"time, period","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['while','whilom','erstwhile','meanwhile','whilere']::text[], '[{"word":"during","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"whereas","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"at the same time as","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:07:24.767Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cebf3ca2-2421-47fc-b67d-19767a0e0c6e', 'whim', 'A sudden capricious impulse or fancy.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whim","meaning":"a sudden capricious impulse or fancy","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whimsy','whimsical','whim-wham','whimsicality']::text[], '[{"word":"caprice","formality":"formal"},{"word":"fancy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"notion","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:25:09.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d5fd27cf-19d6-43cc-822a-74f86e386464', 'whimper', 'To make a series of low, weak sounds expressive of fear, pain, or distress.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'whimpen', 'to whimper', 'Middle English', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whimper","meaning":"to make weak sounds","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"whimpen","meaning":"to whimper","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whine','weep','wail']::text[], '[{"word":"cry","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sob","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"moan","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pule","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:19:49.672Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('71713d29-a1bc-4c8b-ac9c-a41578418b9d', 'whine', 'To utter a long, high-pitched cry, typically of pain, fear, or discontent.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwinsian', 'to whimper, to lament', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*khwīns-', '{"era":"current","word":"whine","meaning":"utter a high-pitched cry","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwinsian","meaning":"to whimper, lament","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whimper','whinge','groan','moan']::text[], '[{"word":"complain","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"grumble","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"moan","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wail","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:23:46.174Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c0606c97-e727-45d8-b8f6-63cf74d8a763', 'whinny', 'To make a soft, high-pitched horse sound, especially as a neigh or nicker.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', 'whin-', 'imitative horse-call sound', 'English', 'Middle English', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whinny","meaning":"to make a soft, high-pitched horse sound","children":[{"era":"1300s-1400s","word":"whinnyen / whinnen","meaning":"to make a horse-like sound","children":[{"era":"Middle English","word":"whin-","meaning":"an imitative horse sound","children":[],"language":"English sound-symbolic base"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whinnying','whinnied','whinnies','whin','whinnying']::text[], '[{"word":"neigh","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"nicker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"whicker","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T05:23:53.823Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('77f35094-17bb-41fc-8f7a-8b2ed0a6a173', 'whip', 'A strip of leather or length of cord fastened to a handle, used for flogging or beating.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwipian', 'to move quickly, to strike', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*hwipjan-', '{"era":"current","word":"whip","meaning":"A strip of leather for flogging","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwipian","meaning":"to move quickly, to strike","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*hwipjan-","meaning":"to swing, to move quickly","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whiplash','whiff','whoop']::text[], '[{"word":"lash","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"flail","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"strap","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"switch","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:16:44.105Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1c10509d-97f8-4655-ad8e-27f1254bb9a2', 'whir', '(of an object or a person''s head) move or cause to move quickly with a humming sound.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwyrf', 'to turn, whirl', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*hwerf-', '{"era":"current","word":"whir","meaning":"move with humming sound","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"whirren","meaning":"to turn quickly","children":[],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwyrf","meaning":"turn, whirl","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whirl','whirr','worry','swerve']::text[], '[{"word":"hum","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"buzz","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"drone","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:13:16.978Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f1af92aa-8c7e-4fe8-9204-5e2875821123', 'whisker', 'A whisker is a stiff hair growing on the face of a person or animal.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whisker","meaning":"a stiff hair growing on the face of a person or animal","children":[{"era":"uncertain","word":"whisk","meaning":"to move or sweep quickly; the base that gave rise to the hair term","children":[],"language":"English"},{"era":"current","word":"-er","meaning":"noun-forming suffix","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whisk','whisked','whiskery','unwhiskered']::text[], '[{"word":"mustache","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"facial hair","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vibrissae","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T11:57:38.349Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c9284bbd-1a9a-49bc-9134-cba9a4f11164', 'whiskey', 'A strong alcoholic spirit distilled from fermented grain mash.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'uisce beatha', 'water of life', 'Irish Gaelic/Scottish Gaelic', '1500s-1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whiskey","meaning":"A strong alcoholic spirit distilled from fermented grain mash.","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"usquebaugh","meaning":"whiskey","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"uisce beatha","meaning":"water of life","children":[],"language":"Irish Gaelic"}],"language":"Anglicized Irish/Scottish Gaelic"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['usquebaugh']::text[], '[{"word":"spirit","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"liquor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dram","formality":"informal"},{"word":"hooch","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:14:42.441Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7d825cba-9d29-4c40-9a69-f959b8a9df27', 'whisky', 'A distilled alcoholic drink made from fermented grain mash.', 'noun', 'whisky', 'other', 'uisge beatha', 'water of life', 'Scottish Gaelic', '1400s', NULL, '{"era":"1700s","word":"whisky","meaning":"Grain spirit.","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"usquebaugh","meaning":"Whisky.","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"uisge beatha","meaning":"Water of life (calque of Latin aqua vitae).","language":"Scottish Gaelic"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whiskey']::text[], '[{"word":"scotch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bourbon","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"spirit","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('10662d70-260a-441e-8850-657a52cf6aa3', 'whisper', 'To speak very softly using one''s breath rather than one''s vocal cords.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwisprian', 'to whisper, murmur', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*hwis-', '{"era":"current","word":"whisper","meaning":"speak softly","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwisprian","meaning":"to whisper, murmur","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['hiss','whistle','whisperer','whispering']::text[], '[{"word":"murmur","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mutter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"breathe","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:08:56.718Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a166e504-f151-4f88-b2f0-a34acf1db3dd', 'whistle', 'To make a clear, high-pitched sound by forcing air through a small opening or instrument.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwistlian', 'to whistle', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whistle","meaning":"make a whistling sound","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwistlian","meaning":"to whistle","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['hiss','whisper','whoosh','fife']::text[], '[{"word":"toot","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pipe","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hiss","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:08:56.718Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f643ddeb-8e79-4307-9e64-f19318a033aa', 'white', 'The color of pure light or snow, the lightest color.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwit', 'shining, bright', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*kw-', '{"era":"current","word":"white","meaning":"the color of light or snow","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"white","meaning":"bright, shining","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwit","meaning":"shining, bright, clear","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whiten','whiteness','whitewash','whittle']::text[], '[{"word":"pale","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"snowy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ivory","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:50:39.235Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5ba18a7c-8489-4cc9-8e01-5e2cb1745e43', 'whitey', 'A slang term for a white person.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwīt', 'white, bright', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whitey","meaning":"a white person; slang","children":[{"era":"current","word":"white","meaning":"white; pale; bright","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwīt","meaning":"white, bright","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-y","meaning":"diminutive or adjectival suffix in later English formations","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['white','whiten','whiteness','whitish','whitely']::text[], '[{"word":"white person","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Caucasian","formality":"formal"},{"word":"honky","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:53:26.791Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2397c1f7-58de-4875-aa5a-083c67fb374f', 'whiz', 'A person who is exceptionally clever or skilled.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whiz","meaning":"an exceptionally skilled person","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"whizz","meaning":"imitative or onomatopoeic source form","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"hiss / whizz-bang","meaning":"a whistling or buzzing sound","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wiz','whizz','whiz kid','whizz-bang','whizzy']::text[], '[{"word":"wiz","formality":"informal"},{"word":"expert","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"genius","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:21:39.135Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('80a0df5d-6766-4488-b375-d6d10c2bf1af', 'who', 'A pronoun used to ask about or refer to a person or persons.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwā', 'which person', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*kwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"who","meaning":"which person","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwā","meaning":"which person","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwaz","meaning":"who, which","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whom','whose','whoever','whole']::text[], '[{"word":"which person","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"what person","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.553Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f8b38a63-6324-4b08-b736-4e5b9cf6a1f2', 'whoa', 'An exclamation used to stop or slow down a horse or, by extension, to express surprise, caution, or admiration.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', 'ho', 'halt!', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whoa","meaning":"exclamation to stop or slow down","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wo","meaning":"variant of ''ho''","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ho","meaning":"halt!","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['ho','halt','hold','stop']::text[], '[{"word":"stop","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"halt","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wait","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"amazing","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:03:48.243Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a3f19814-391b-4c64-9393-795ddaea8c64', 'whoever', 'Used to refer to any person, regardless of who they are.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwa', 'who', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kʷos', '{"era":"current","word":"whoever","meaning":"any person","children":[{"era":"current","word":"who","meaning":"interrogative pronoun","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwa","meaning":"who","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*hwaz","meaning":"who","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"ever","meaning":"at any time","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ǣfre","meaning":"at any time","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['who','whatever','whichever','whenever','wherever']::text[], '[{"word":"anyone who","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"no matter who","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:03:37.001Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ac826f0d-b89b-459e-b7a5-011c91a2782f', 'whole', 'complete, entire, or not divided into parts.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'hal', 'undamaged, well', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kailo-', '{"era":"current","word":"whole","meaning":"complete, entire","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"whole","meaning":"undamaged, complete","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hal","meaning":"undamaged, well","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wholesome','wholly','wholemeal','health']::text[], '[{"word":"entire","formality":"formal"},{"word":"complete","formality":"formal"},{"word":"total","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"intact","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:15:41.056Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('950972f7-6e1e-48f8-8102-7a57f3f74b5d', 'wholesale', 'The sale of goods in large quantities, typically to retailers rather than consumers.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'whole', 'complete, unbroken', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kwol-', '{"era":"current","word":"wholesale","meaning":"large quantity sales to retailers","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"wholesale","meaning":"sale in bulk","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"whole","meaning":"complete, unbroken","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"sale","meaning":"the act of selling","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whole','sale','wholesaler','retail']::text[], '[{"word":"bulk sales","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"jobbing","formality":"technical"},{"word":"distribution","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:41.695Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('70091c31-d58b-4c08-81c4-2a06b13c60d0', 'whom', 'The objective case form of the pronoun ''who'', used as the object of a verb or preposition.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwam', 'who', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"whom","meaning":"objective case of who","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"who","meaning":"what person","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"hwam","meaning":"who, whom","children":[{"era":"3000 BCE","word":"*kwo-","meaning":"who, which","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['who','whose','whoever','whomever']::text[], '[{"word":"that person","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"which person","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:46.465Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cd9e80c3-a0d6-4998-8e70-17195dbec4f9', 'whomever', 'The objective case form of ''whoever'', used as a pronoun referring to any person functioning as the object of a verb or preposition.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwā + æfre', 'who + ever/always', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"whomever","meaning":"objective case of whoever","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"whomso + ever","meaning":"whosoever in objective case","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwām + æfre","meaning":"whom + ever","children":[{"era":"pre-500 CE","word":"*hwaz","meaning":"who","children":[{"era":"pre-3000 BCE","word":"*kwo-","meaning":"interrogative and relative pronoun stem","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whoever','whom','who','whomsoever','whatever']::text[], '[{"word":"whomsoever","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"whoever","formality":"informal"},{"word":"any person whom","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T23:26:18.910Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b90dc671-3950-4451-88a3-308f45dc3238', 'whoop', 'A loud cry or shout, often of joy or excitement.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'houper', 'to cry out, shout', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whoop","meaning":"a loud cry","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"whopen","meaning":"to cry out","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"houper","meaning":"to cry out","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":null,"meaning":"imitative origin","children":[],"language":"Germanic"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['hoop','whoopee','hup','yelp']::text[], '[{"word":"shout","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"yell","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"holler","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:14:57.418Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('acb19a37-d71e-408a-b862-9e83af9ae9c4', 'whoosh', 'To move with a rushing sound.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', 'whoosh', 'sound of rushing air/water', 'English', '19th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whoosh","meaning":"To move with a rushing sound","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['swoosh','whizz','rush']::text[], '[{"word":"rush","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"swish","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"whiz","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:11:34.071Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cb9d098c-51b7-4977-b0e6-38e812f87be8', 'whore', 'A prostitute.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hōre', 'prostitute', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*keh₂ros', '{"era":"current","word":"whore","meaning":"prostitute","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hōre","meaning":"prostitute","children":[{"era":"reconstructed","word":"*hōraz","meaning":"prostitute","children":[{"era":"reconstructed","word":"*keh₂ros","meaning":"dear, desirable","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whorish','whoring','whoredom','whorehouse']::text[], '[{"word":"prostitute","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"harlot","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"courtesan","formality":"formal"},{"word":"strumpet","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:06:49.794Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('435a4058-bfb4-4557-ab0b-85daf17190e4', 'whorehouse', 'A whorehouse is a brothel, especially one viewed as seedy or illicit.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hōre', 'prostitute', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"whorehouse","meaning":"brothel","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"whore","meaning":"prostitute","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"house","meaning":"dwelling; building","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whore','whoredom','whorish','whoremonger']::text[], '[{"word":"brothel","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cathouse","formality":"informal"},{"word":"bawdyhouse","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T18:51:30.693Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('21a2945f-95e7-4ec5-b583-8c72b3dd6aab', 'whose', 'A determiner or pronoun used to indicate possession or belonging.', 'determiner', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwæs', 'of what, of whom', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"whose","meaning":"possessive determiner","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"whose","meaning":"of whom, of what","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwæs","meaning":"of what, of whom","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['who','whom','whoso','whoever']::text[], '[{"word":"of whom","formality":"formal"},{"word":"belonging to","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:14.917Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0d54d089-d4d2-497d-b818-3e181ba4a802', 'why', 'For what reason or purpose; used to ask for an explanation or justification.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'hwi', 'how, in what manner', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*hwo-', '{"era":"current","word":"why","meaning":"for what reason","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"why","meaning":"for what reason","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwi","meaning":"in what manner","children":[],"language":"Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['what','where','when','who']::text[], '[{"word":"wherefore","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"for what reason","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.755Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('067e7fe9-3b8e-45ee-b32c-1f7ba7db8b86', 'wick', 'A fibrous cord or strip in a candle or lamp that draws up fuel by capillary action to sustain a flame.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wēoce', 'wick of a lamp or candle', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weukōn-', '{"era":"current","word":"wick","meaning":"fibrous cord conveying fuel to a flame","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"weke / wike","meaning":"wick of a lamp","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wēoce","meaning":"wick of a lamp or candle","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"*weukōn-","meaning":"tow fiber, wick","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['candlewick','wicking','wickless','wicker (distinct origin)','dip-wick']::text[], '[{"word":"taper core","formality":"technical"},{"word":"candlewick","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"lamp wick","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T22:31:41.571Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0d474564-f1c8-445d-8d5a-ecefcbde924f', 'wicked', 'Evil or morally wrong.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wicca', 'sorcerer, wizard', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wicked","meaning":"evil, bad","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wikked","meaning":"evil, bad","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wicca","meaning":"sorcerer, wizard","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['witch','witchcraft','warlock','wicker']::text[], '[{"word":"evil","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bad","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"malicious","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vicious","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:03:44.416Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('931ba42b-38a1-44e2-9f4f-ba3e7c38278a', 'wide', 'Having great extent from side to side; broad.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wid', 'wide, broad', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wid-', '{"era":"current","word":"wide","meaning":"broad, extensive","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wide","meaning":"wide, broad","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wid-","meaning":"wide","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['widely','widen','width','widespread']::text[], '[{"word":"broad","formality":"formal"},{"word":"extensive","formality":"formal"},{"word":"spacious","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.062Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('05fd0997-7592-45f7-b2a3-d40c3b732cf8', 'widescreen', 'Denoting a motion picture, television, or computer screen format characterized by an aspect ratio wider than the traditional 4:3.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wīd + scrīn', 'wide + protective covering', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weid- + *skrēh₁-', '{"era":"current","word":"widescreen","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"current","word":"wide","meaning":"broad in extent","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wīd","meaning":"wide","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"screen","meaning":"a flat surface","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"escren","meaning":"screen","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wide','width','screen','screening']::text[], '[{"word":"cinematic","formality":"technical"},{"word":"expansive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"broad","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:08:16.534Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0b4e939f-e008-4f24-8e1d-efc9313feabf', 'widespread', 'Distributed or occurring over a wide area or among many people.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wide, spread', 'broad, to stretch out', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*h₁widʰ- (wide), *spreh₁dʰ- (spread)', '{"era":"current","word":"widespread","meaning":"distributed over a wide area","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wide","meaning":"broad, extensive","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"spread","meaning":"to stretch out, scatter","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['widely','spreading','spreader','width','breadth']::text[], '[{"word":"common","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"prevalent","formality":"formal"},{"word":"extensive","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:16:17.674Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('47041d09-3266-4356-beeb-4bfcdb50c0e2', 'widow', 'A woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried.', 'noun', 'viuda', 'germanic', 'widuwō', 'widow', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*widhewā', '{"era":"current","word":"widow","meaning":"A woman whose husband has died.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"widowe","meaning":"Widow.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*widuwō","meaning":"widow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*widhewā","meaning":"widow","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['widower','individual']::text[], '[{"word":"relict","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bereaved","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"grass widow","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:03:37.001Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f94d0178-72b8-4b7b-ba2c-e657d496efe6', 'widower', 'A widower is a man whose wife has died and who has not remarried.', 'noun', 'viudo', 'germanic', '*widuwō', 'widow', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*uidh-', '{"era":"current","word":"widower","meaning":"a man whose wife has died and who has not remarried","children":[{"era":"early 14c.","word":"widow","meaning":"a woman whose husband has died","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*widuwō","meaning":"widow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100 BCE","word":"*widhewo","meaning":"widow; bereaved woman","children":[{"era":"pre-1100 BCE","word":"*uidh-","meaning":"to separate, divide","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['widow','widowed','widowhood','widowerhood']::text[], '[{"word":"bereaved husband","formality":"formal"},{"word":"widowed man","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mourner","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T18:30:32.960Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('17e574b8-6b2b-4fd9-9ba6-118f3eab2271', 'width', 'The measurement or extent of something from side to side.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wide', 'broad, extensive', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wid-', '{"era":"current","word":"width","meaning":"the measurement from side to side","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wide","meaning":"broad, extensive","children":[{"era":"3000 BCE","word":"*wid-","meaning":"to separate, to divide","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wide','widen','widely','wideness']::text[], '[{"word":"breadth","formality":"formal"},{"word":"expanse","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"span","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:49.400Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a4f83589-fe08-475f-ab13-706bd1a020b3', 'wiener', 'A Vienna sausage or hot dog, especially in North American usage.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Wienerwurst', 'Vienna sausage', 'German', '1800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wiener","meaning":"a Vienna sausage or hot dog, especially in North American usage","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"wiener","meaning":"a clipping of Wienerwurst","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"Wienerwurst","meaning":"Vienna sausage","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"Wiener + Wurst","meaning":"of Vienna + sausage","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"Wien","meaning":"Vienna","children":[],"language":"German"}],"language":"German"}],"language":"German"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['vienna','viennese','wienie','wienerwurst','vienna sausage']::text[], '[{"word":"frankfurter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hot dog","formality":"informal"},{"word":"vienna sausage","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T08:28:50.014Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d041d036-d88b-49e8-b707-48f420c7383b', 'wife', 'A married woman, especially in relation to her husband.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English wīf', 'woman, female', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gwībaz', '{"era":"current","word":"wife","meaning":"married woman","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wif","meaning":"woman","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"wīf","meaning":"woman","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wives','midwife','housewife','wife-like','wifely']::text[], '[{"word":"spouse","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bride","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mate","formality":"informal"},{"word":"consort","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.609Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9ec3d7c2-41b7-4c8f-8664-3ce4e693ec14', 'wig', 'An artificial covering of hair for the head.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'perruque', 'wig', 'French', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wig","meaning":"An artificial covering of hair","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"periwig","meaning":"shortening of periwig","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"perruque","meaning":"wig","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"pelus","meaning":"hairy","children":[],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['periwig','peruke','hairpiece']::text[], '[{"word":"hairpiece","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"toupee","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fake hair","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:05:56.717Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1d96c0d7-dbd6-46bf-b005-0b1fb50676e4', 'wiggle', 'To move with small rapid back-and-forth motions.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wigelen', 'to wiggle; rock back and forth', 'Middle Dutch', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wiggle","meaning":"to move with small rapid back-and-forth motions","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wiglen","meaning":"to wiggle","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wigelen","meaning":"to wiggle","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wiegen","meaning":"to rock; to move back and forth","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wiege","meaning":"cradle","children":[],"language":"Middle Low German"}],"language":"Middle Low German"}],"language":"Middle Dutch"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wriggle','wiggled','wiggling','wiggly','wiggler']::text[], '[{"word":"wriggle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"squirm","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"squiggle","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T13:38:15.849Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8d8c7401-62e4-4699-81a7-8e18d84d79a0', 'wiki', 'A website or database developed collaboratively by a community of users, allowing any user to add and edit content.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'wikiwiki', 'quick, fast', 'Hawaiian', 'current', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wiki","meaning":"collaborative website","children":[{"era":"current","word":"wikiwiki","meaning":"quick, fast","children":[],"language":"Hawaiian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Wikipedia','wikispace','wiki-enabled']::text[], '[{"word":"collaborative website","formality":"technical"},{"word":"online encyclopedia","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"knowledge base","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T15:03:58.759Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d53ed694-7d58-4d52-a134-063881a1ab8d', 'wild', 'Living or growing in a natural state without human cultivation or domestication.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wilde', 'untamed or uncontrolled', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gwelt-', '{"era":"current","word":"wild","meaning":"undomesticated or natural","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wild","meaning":"untamed","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wilde","meaning":"wild or untamed","children":[{"era":"4000 BCE","word":"gwelt","meaning":"to be wild or uncontrolled","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wildly','wildness','wildlife','wilder']::text[], '[{"word":"untamed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"natural","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ferocious","formality":"formal"},{"word":"undomesticated","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:04:09.085Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dcce4687-6a1f-4fb7-8821-b9dcdee91384', 'wilderness', 'An uncultivated, uninhabited, and inhospitable region.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wild-deor', 'wild beast', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wilthjaz', '{"era":"12th c.","word":"wilderness","meaning":"uncultivated region","children":[{"era":"12th c.","word":"wildern","meaning":"wild place","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wild-deor","meaning":"wild beast","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wild","meaning":"wild","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"deor","meaning":"beast","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-ness","meaning":"suffix for state/condition","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wild','wilding','beast','savage','desolate','untouched']::text[], '[{"word":"wilds","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wasteland","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bush","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:11:39.624Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('645d5694-6819-4d02-9eee-1b5d8d1d8292', 'wildlife', 'Wild animals collectively; the native fauna of a region.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wild + līf', 'untamed + life', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wildijaz + *lībam', '{"era":"current","word":"wildlife","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wild","meaning":"untamed","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"life","meaning":"existence","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wild','life','wilderness','wildness']::text[], '[{"word":"fauna","formality":"technical"},{"word":"animals","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"creatures","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T17:03:45.172Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4ae30a8b-25d6-428b-b566-aa3d69854616', 'will', 'Auxiliary verb expressing future tense or intent.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'willan', 'to wish, desire', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wel-', '{"era":"current","word":"will","meaning":"auxiliary verb of future","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"willan","meaning":"to wish, desire, intend","children":[{"era":"2500 BCE","word":"*wel-","meaning":"to wish, will","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['willing','willingness','unwilling']::text[], '[{"word":"shall","formality":"formal"},{"word":"is going to","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.461Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c1e519ac-a8c4-4310-834e-f2bf06db25bf', 'william', 'A male given name of Germanic origin, traditionally meaning desired protector or resolute protector.', 'noun', 'Guillermo', 'germanic', 'Wilhelm', 'will-helmet, resolute protector', 'Old Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*wil-helm', '{"era":"current","word":"William","meaning":"masculine personal name","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"William","meaning":"masculine personal name","children":[{"era":"1000s","word":"Guillaume","meaning":"masculine personal name","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Wilhelm","meaning":"will-helmet, resolute warrior","children":[],"language":"Old Germanic"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Will','Bill','Liam','Williams']::text[], '[{"word":"Will","formality":"informal"},{"word":"Bill","formality":"informal"},{"word":"Liam","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.817Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c639a4dd-64a5-4eba-9cfc-c5332e918f9b', 'williams', 'A patronymic surname meaning son of William, derived from the Germanic personal name.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Wilhelm', 'resolute protector', 'Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*wil- + *helm-', '{"era":"current","word":"williams","meaning":"surname, son of William","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"williams","meaning":"son of William","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"William","meaning":"resolute protector","children":[],"language":"Old English/Germanic"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['William','Williams','Williamson','Liam']::text[], '[{"word":"surname","formality":"formal"},{"word":"family name","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:41.376Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8a249146-287b-4e4d-a4fe-963b6880a21e', 'willie', 'A diminutive or informal term for a penis.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'William', 'will-helmet', 'Old German', 'pre-1100', '*wel-', '{"era":"current","word":"willie","meaning":"penis (diminutive)","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"William","meaning":"given name","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Willahelm","meaning":"will-helmet","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*wiljô","meaning":"will, desire","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"},{"era":"pre-500","word":"*helm","meaning":"helmet, protection","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old High German"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['William','Bill','will','helmet','willing']::text[], '[{"word":"dick","formality":"informal"},{"word":"penis","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"member","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"willy","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:16:44.105Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bd816ec4-5db4-4588-957c-832a2c11c56b', 'willow', 'a tree or shrub of temperate climates, typically having narrow leaves, catkins, and pliable branches.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'welig', 'willow', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"willow","meaning":"tree","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"welig","meaning":"willow","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wicker','withe']::text[], '[{"word":"osier","formality":"technical"},{"word":"sallow","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:07:12.366Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('92943e49-3bc7-42d1-814e-25f03743d428', 'wilson', 'A proper name, typically a surname, derived from the personal name William.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Will + son', 'will/desire + son of', 'Old English', '800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Wilson","meaning":"son of William","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"William","meaning":"person named Will","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"Will","meaning":"desire, willpower","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wiljan","meaning":"to wish, desire","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"800s","word":"-son","meaning":"son of, descendant","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['William','Williams','Will','Willis']::text[], '[{"word":"surname","formality":"formal"},{"word":"family name","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"patronymic","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:48.958Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('76b3b220-954a-42a1-8995-64733dde1ad7', 'wilt', 'To droop, become limp, or lose freshness and strength.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'welk', 'to wither', 'Middle English', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wilt","meaning":"to droop or lose freshness and strength","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"welk","meaning":"to wither","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"welken","meaning":"to wither","children":[],"language":"Middle English / Middle Dutch / Middle Low German"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wilting','wilted','wiltedness','wither','welk']::text[], '[{"word":"wither","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"droop","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"flag","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:41:00.006Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('42c7b1c6-e1d7-49f9-b346-40a87f09b822', 'wily', 'Skillful at gaining an advantage, especially deceitfully.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wīl', 'trick, cunning, fraud', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wiliz', '{"era":"current","word":"wily","meaning":"Skillful at gaining an advantage, especially deceitfully.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wīl","meaning":"trick, cunning, fraud","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['beguile','guile','while','wheedle']::text[], '[{"word":"cunning","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"crafty","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sly","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:09:15.419Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1747b9fb-4752-45a2-943b-1ed9b43210cb', 'wimp', 'A weak, timid, or ineffectual person.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wimp","meaning":"a weak or timid person","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"whimper","meaning":"to cry softly or feebly","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['whimper','wimpy','wimpish','wimped']::text[], '[{"word":"weakling","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"coward","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"milksop","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T06:28:58.703Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('19f0cc73-3405-4a8c-8911-7febed13d8f4', 'win', 'To be victorious in a competition or conflict.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'winnan', 'to strive, struggle, fight', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wen-', '{"era":"current","word":"win","meaning":"to achieve victory","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"winnan","meaning":"to strive, struggle","children":[{"era":"3000 BCE","word":"*wen-","meaning":"to strive, desire","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['winning','winner','winsome','won']::text[], '[{"word":"victory","formality":"formal"},{"word":"triumph","formality":"formal"},{"word":"succeed","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"prevail","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:54:10.509Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('11a5c2e4-7166-437a-bf92-c1d576aea2a7', 'wind', 'Moving air; a current of air moving from the atmosphere.', 'noun', 'viento', 'germanic', 'windan', 'to go, turn, twist', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wend-', '{"era":"current","word":"wind","meaning":"moving air current","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wind","meaning":"air in motion","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wind","meaning":"wind, breeze, air","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wend-","meaning":"to go, turn, twist","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['winds','windmill','windpipe','windy','windbreak']::text[], '[{"word":"breeze","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"gust","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"air current","formality":"formal"},{"word":"zephyr","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:15:41.056Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('07ee2600-26a0-495f-a416-7a7b6ca95911', 'window', 'An opening in a wall or door that allows light and air to enter, typically covered with glass.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'vindauga', 'wind eye', 'Old Norse', '800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"window","meaning":"opening in wall for light and air","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"window","meaning":"opening in wall","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"vindauga","meaning":"wind eye","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"vindr","meaning":"wind","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['windows','windowed','windowpane','windowsill']::text[], '[{"word":"opening","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"portal","formality":"formal"},{"word":"pane","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.945Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9c1930a4-b897-47a9-a0d2-a5d9aeb40879', 'windows', 'Openings in a wall or roof that admit light and air, or plural of window.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'vindauga', 'wind eye', 'Old Norse', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"windows","meaning":"plural of window; light-admitting openings","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"window","meaning":"opening in a wall","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"vindauga","meaning":"wind eye","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"vindr + auga","meaning":"wind + eye","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['window','windowed','windpane','skylight']::text[], '[{"word":"opening","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"aperture","formality":"formal"},{"word":"pane","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:06.668Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('14585fab-959e-452c-8229-fdfa9650de10', 'windshield', 'A windshield is a transparent front screen that protects vehicle occupants from wind and debris.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"windshield","meaning":"front glass that shields a vehicle from wind and debris","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wind","meaning":"moving air","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*windaz","meaning":"wind","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"shield","meaning":"protective cover","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*skelduz","meaning":"shield","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['windscreen','windshields','windbreaker','shield']::text[], '[{"word":"windscreen","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"front glass","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"auto glass","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T12:37:06.794Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('154230e3-6f6a-4767-ab2c-f019255738cc', 'wine', 'An alcoholic beverage produced by fermentation of grapes or other fruits.', 'noun', 'vino', 'latin', 'vinum', 'wine', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wine","meaning":"fermented grape beverage","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wine","meaning":"wine","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"vinum","meaning":"wine","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wines','winery','winemaker','vintage']::text[], '[{"word":"vintage","formality":"formal"},{"word":"vino","formality":"informal"},{"word":"libation","formality":"literary"},{"word":"spirits","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:56.420Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cc1d58c9-ca74-4b64-87ee-4dd4be34f7f4', 'wing', 'A paired appendage used for flight in birds, insects, and bats, or a lateral extension of a structure.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'vængr', 'wing of a bird', 'Old Norse', '1100s', '*we-', '{"era":"current","word":"wing","meaning":"limb for flight; lateral extension","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"vængr","meaning":"wing of a bird","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"*we-","meaning":"to blow, move as air","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['winger','winged','wingspan','winglet','wingman','winging']::text[], '[{"word":"pinion","formality":"literary"},{"word":"appendage","formality":"technical"},{"word":"flank","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T13:49:28.699Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('54f0a525-fdd4-4880-8fa9-b1d2a58cad6a', 'wink', 'To close and open one eye quickly, typically as a signal or to attract attention.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wincian', 'to nod, wink', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wenk-', '{"era":"current","word":"wink","meaning":"To close and open one eye quickly...","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wincian","meaning":"to nod, wink","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wink-","meaning":"to make a quick movement","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wenk-","meaning":"to bend, turn","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wince','twinkle','blink','glance']::text[], '[{"word":"blink","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"flicker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"glint","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:09:42.500Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e88d16f5-d4bb-488a-b827-f244690e0888', 'winner', 'A person or thing that wins.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'winnan', 'to struggle, toil, strive, contend, fight', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wenh₁-', '{"era":"current","word":"winner","meaning":"A person or thing that wins.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"win","meaning":"to gain a victory","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"winnan","meaning":"to struggle, toil, strive","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['win','winning','winnings','dwindle']::text[], '[{"word":"victor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"champion","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"conqueror","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T23:04:58.923Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f0e05f5b-4941-49ce-ac25-ef060ef27399', 'winning', 'Achieving victory or success; attractive and appealing in character or manner.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'win', 'to struggle, strive, or gain victory', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wen-', '{"era":"current","word":"winning","meaning":"achieving victory or being attractive","children":[{"era":"1200s-1500s","word":"winning","meaning":"gaining victory or achieving success","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"win","meaning":"to struggle, labor, gain, or be victorious","children":[{"era":"pre-3000 BCE","word":"wen-","meaning":"to desire, strive, or struggle","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['win','winner','winsome','victory','conquest']::text[], '[{"word":"victorious","formality":"formal"},{"word":"successful","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"triumphant","formality":"formal"},{"word":"charming","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:42.811Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('036225ef-8e35-4b60-856d-a8bc40f84902', 'winter', 'The coldest season of the year between autumn and spring.', 'noun', 'invierno', 'germanic', 'winter', 'the cold season', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wend-', '{"era":"current","word":"winter","meaning":"coldest season of the year","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"winter","meaning":"the cold season","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"wintar","meaning":"winter, wet season","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wintry','wintertime','overwinter','winter solstice']::text[], '[{"word":"cold season","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hibernal","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:12.356Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c6a02fe0-95ea-4f6d-a041-75b91f26fa92', 'wipe', 'To clean or dry something by rubbing its surface with a cloth, a piece of paper, or one''s hand.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wipian', 'to wipe', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wīpan', '{"era":"current","word":"wipe","meaning":"To clean or dry something by rubbing its surface with a cloth, a piece of paper, or one''s hand.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wipian","meaning":"to wipe, rub","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*wīpan","meaning":"to turn, wind, wrap","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['swip','whipped','wimple']::text[], '[{"word":"cleanse","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rub","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mop","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:11:15.228Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('28736689-2787-4fc2-81b6-6cd948bfc0c8', 'wire', 'A thin flexible strand of metal, or to send money or transmit information electronically.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wir', 'to twist, to turn', 'Old English', '700s', '*wer-', '{"era":"current","word":"wire","meaning":"thin metal strand or electronic transmission","children":[{"era":"700s","word":"wir","meaning":"wire, thread","children":[{"era":"700s","word":"wir","meaning":"to twist, to turn","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wires','wired','wiring','wireless']::text[], '[{"word":"cable","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cord","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"transfer","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:44.069Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7292d2c1-7f3a-400f-9fd3-39fa6c835c45', 'wireless', 'transmitting or operated by radio signals without physical wires or cables.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wire', 'thin metal strand', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wer-', '{"era":"current","word":"wireless","meaning":"without wires","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"wireless","meaning":"lacking wires","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wire","meaning":"thin metal strand","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wire','wired','wireless network']::text[], '[{"word":"cordless","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"radio","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"unwired","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:08.954Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('eac24e92-bb96-4298-80d6-b95d490ff115', 'wisconsin', 'A state in the Midwestern United States.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'Wiskonsin', 'red stone place or gathering of waters', 'Ojibwe/Menominee', 'pre-colonial', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Wisconsin","meaning":"US state in the Midwest","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"Wisconsin","meaning":"name of the state","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"Wiskonsin","meaning":"red stone place or gathering of waters","children":[],"language":"French/Ojibwe"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Wisconsinite','Wisconsin River']::text[], '[{"word":"Badger State","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:42.300Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0b6fdf7a-be97-4d69-a8c6-95418a5ee164', 'wisdom', 'The quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wis', 'wise', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weid-', '{"era":"current","word":"wisdom","meaning":"Quality of having knowledge and good judgment","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"wisdom","meaning":"wisdom","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wisdom","meaning":"knowledge, learning, experience","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wis","meaning":"wise","language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-dom","meaning":"state, condition, dominion","language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wise','wisely','sagacious','sagacity']::text[], '[{"word":"sagacity","formality":"formal"},{"word":"prudence","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"discernment","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"erudition","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:10:59.691Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('50a8d0d9-32a4-4c0c-9e63-8b306cde844e', 'wise', 'Having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wis', 'wise', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weid-', '{"era":"current","word":"wise","meaning":"Having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wis","meaning":"wise","children":[{"era":null,"word":"*wissaz","meaning":"knowing, wise","children":[{"era":null,"word":"*weid-","meaning":"to see, to know","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wisdom','wit','witness','guide']::text[], '[{"word":"sagacious","formality":"formal"},{"word":"prudent","formality":"formal"},{"word":"sensible","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:07:18.530Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('843a9f33-b6b5-4fc7-8156-f6b8639ebc78', 'wish', 'A strong desire or hope for something to happen or to be the case.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wish', 'to desire, want', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wen-', '{"era":"current","word":"wish","meaning":"desire or hope","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wiscan","meaning":"to desire, want","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"*wen-","meaning":"to desire, strive for","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wishes','wished','wishing','wishful','well-wish']::text[], '[{"word":"desire","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hope","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"aspiration","formality":"formal"},{"word":"longing","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:04:09.085Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e53fa901-f2bc-4d1f-9db5-a7fd3473aa36', 'wishlist', 'A list of desired items.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wyscan', 'to wish', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wunskijaną', '{"era":"current","word":"wishlist","meaning":"list of desired items","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wish","meaning":"to desire","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"list","meaning":"border, stripe, then later catalogue","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wish','wishing','list','listed','enlist']::text[], '[{"word":"desire list","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"want list","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"registry","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shopping list","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:03:25.114Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('70ae6a19-9636-4d07-a7de-e4d57d04e63b', 'wit', 'The capacity for inventive thought and quick understanding; keen intelligence.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'witan', 'to know', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weid-', '{"era":"current","word":"wit","meaning":"intelligence, quick understanding","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wit","meaning":"knowledge, understanding","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"witan","meaning":"to know","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*witan","meaning":"to know","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wise','wisdom','witness','unwitting']::text[], '[{"word":"intellect","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sagacity","formality":"formal"},{"word":"cleverness","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"acumen","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:09:15.419Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4015911c-5a3a-486d-93de-d6001586dda8', 'witch', 'A woman thought to have magic powers, often evil, sometimes benevolent.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wicce', 'sorceress, female magician', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"witch","meaning":"woman with magic powers","children":[{"era":"12th C","word":"wicche","meaning":"sorceress","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wicce","meaning":"sorceress, female magician","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wizard','warlock','wicca','wiccan']::text[], '[{"word":"sorceress","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"enchantress","formality":"literary"},{"word":"hag","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:05:49.196Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5b4faf6d-63df-434e-ab61-1fcc7444dd54', 'witchcraft', 'Witchcraft is the practice of witches or magic believed to use supernatural powers.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wiċċecræft', 'witchcraft', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"witchcraft","meaning":"The practice of witches or magic believed to use supernatural powers.","children":[{"era":"1100s-1400s","word":"witchcraft","meaning":"witchcraft","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wiċċecræft","meaning":"witchcraft","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"witch + cræft","meaning":"witch + craft","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['witch','witchery','witchdom','witchwork','craft']::text[], '[{"word":"sorcery","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"witchery","formality":"literary"},{"word":"magic","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T00:47:14.985Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('81800714-133b-4de1-bdf4-0f8613c3a548', 'with', 'Preposition indicating association, accompaniment, or possession.', 'preposition', NULL, 'germanic', 'wiþ', 'against, back', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wi-', '{"era":"current","word":"with","meaning":"preposition of accompaniment","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wiþ","meaning":"against, back, with","children":[{"era":"2500 BCE","word":"*wi-","meaning":"separation, splitting","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['within','without','withdraw']::text[], '[{"word":"alongside","formality":"formal"},{"word":"together with","formality":"formal"},{"word":"plus","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.461Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ffdca829-fd17-4813-8490-fe57e0f5821d', 'within', 'Inside the bounds or limits of something.', 'preposition', NULL, 'germanic', 'with', 'with, against', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wither-', '{"era":"current","word":"within","meaning":"inside the bounds of","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"within","meaning":"on the inner side","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"with","meaning":"with, against","children":[],"language":"Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['with','withstand','withdraw','within-']::text[], '[{"word":"inside","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"in","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"amid","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.494Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4ea25f48-7bbf-4cea-8e23-f990262d42df', 'without', 'In the absence of; lacking or not having something.', 'preposition', NULL, 'germanic', 'with + out', 'against, toward + outside', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wi-teh₂ (against) + *ud (out)', '{"era":"current","word":"without","meaning":"lacking, in the absence of","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"without","meaning":"on the outside of, outside","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"with + out","meaning":"against + outside","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['with','within','withstand','withhold']::text[], '[{"word":"lacking","formality":"formal"},{"word":"minus","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"absent","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.628Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ab174c16-3486-43c5-b2ab-ec592d087815', 'withstand', 'To withstand is to resist or endure something successfully.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wiðstandan', 'to stand against; oppose', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wiþro- + *steh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"withstand","meaning":"to resist or hold out against","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Old English wiðstandan","meaning":"to stand against; oppose","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wið","meaning":"against; opposite","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"standan","meaning":"to stand","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['withstood','withstanding','with','stand','notwithstanding']::text[], '[{"word":"resist","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"endure","formality":"formal"},{"word":"oppose","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T07:02:20.385Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0f4c6fbd-8be4-47e6-8ae1-fc38d42fd987', 'witness', 'A person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, take place.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'witnes', 'knowledge, testimony', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weid-', '{"era":"current","word":"witness","meaning":"one who sees an event","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"witnes","meaning":"knowledge, testimony","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"witan","meaning":"to know","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*witanan","meaning":"to know","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wit','wisdom','wittingly','know','eyewitness']::text[], '[{"word":"observer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"spectator","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"attestant","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:13:15.074Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6922455c-f5b3-49d7-9fbd-8d02a43ff64c', 'witty', 'Witty means showing quick, clever, and often amusing intelligence.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'witt', 'knowledge, understanding', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*weyd-', '{"era":"current","word":"witty","meaning":"showing quick and clever humor or intelligence","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wit","meaning":"intelligence, knowledge, sense","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"witt","meaning":"understanding, knowledge","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"-y","meaning":"forming adjectives with the sense ''having the quality of''","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wit','witless','witticism','wittily','wits']::text[], '[{"word":"clever","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"humorous","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ingenious","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:25:09.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('481f2e45-be1c-4c1e-849f-039a139426fc', 'wive', 'To take a wife; to marry (a woman).', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wif', 'woman, wife', 'old english', 'pre-1100', '*wībam', '{"era":"current","word":"wive","meaning":"to marry","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wifian","meaning":"to marry, take a wife","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wif","meaning":"woman, wife","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wife','woman','widow','feminine']::text[], '[{"word":"marry","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"espouse","formality":"formal"},{"word":"wed","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:19:49.154Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('04c72b9b-0fa0-4a95-b90d-0f0241d808ba', 'woe', 'Great sorrow or distress.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wā', 'lamentation, grief', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wai-', '{"era":"current","word":"woe","meaning":"great sorrow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wā","meaning":"woe, sorrow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wai","meaning":"alas, woe","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['woeful','alas']::text[], '[{"word":"sorrow","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"misery","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"grief","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:19:44.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c79a5ba5-de2b-4f7a-8b48-63595dcf0b75', 'wolf', 'A large wild carnivorous mammal of the genus Canis, or figuratively a rapacious or threatening person.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wulf', 'wolf', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wĺ̥kʷos', '{"era":"current","word":"wolf","meaning":"large wild canid; rapacious person","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wulf","meaning":"wolf","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"*wulfaz","meaning":"wolf","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"*wĺ̥kʷos","meaning":"wolf","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wolves','wolfish','werewolf','wolfhound','wolfram','wolverine']::text[], '[{"word":"lupine predator","formality":"technical"},{"word":"predator","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"canis lupus","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T03:32:49.332Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e38826ab-b9ea-4f9e-856d-35cf0b3eecb9', 'woman', 'An adult female human being.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wifman', 'wife-man, female person', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gwen-', '{"era":"current","word":"woman","meaning":"adult female human","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"women","meaning":"plural of woman","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wifman","meaning":"female person, wife-man","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wif","meaning":"wife, woman","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['women','womanly','womanhood','wife','female']::text[], '[{"word":"female","formality":"formal"},{"word":"lady","formality":"formal"},{"word":"dame","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"lass","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:50:39.235Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d0a2ad35-25d8-4529-87e1-ad64eaef7f02', 'womb', 'The uterus in humans and other mammals where offspring are conceived and gestate.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wamb', 'belly, abdomen, uterus', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wombh-', '{"era":"current","word":"womb","meaning":"uterus","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wamb","meaning":"belly, abdomen, uterus","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*wambō","meaning":"belly, womb","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*wombh-","meaning":"belly, womb","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY[]::text[], '[{"word":"uterus","formality":"technical"},{"word":"belly","formality":"informal"},{"word":"matrix","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:24:31.539Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8e72a084-1cfd-4abb-af75-673e30b23a47', 'women', 'Adult female human beings, plural of woman.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wifman', 'female person', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"women","meaning":"adult female humans","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"woman","meaning":"adult female human","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"wifman","meaning":"wife-person, female person","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['woman','womanly','womankind','womanhood']::text[], '[{"word":"females","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ladies","formality":"formal"},{"word":"gals","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:05.994Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('94b17dca-0b16-407f-9cf9-2851c1b2a6f1', 'won', 'Past tense of win; achieved victory or success in a competition or conflict.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'winnan', 'to struggle, fight, win', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wen-', '{"era":"current","word":"won","meaning":"past tense of win","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"win","meaning":"to struggle, overcome, achieve victory","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"winnan","meaning":"to fight, struggle","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['win','winning','winner','won''t']::text[], '[{"word":"triumphed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"prevailed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"succeeded","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:44.952Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2987b316-972d-4c5b-b3b9-792060448efd', 'wonder', 'A feeling of amazement and admiration; to be curious about something.', 'noun', 'maravilla', 'germanic', 'wundor', 'wonder, miracle', 'Old English', '800s', NULL, '{"era":"1000s","word":"wonder","meaning":"Amazement; a miraculous thing.","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"wundor","meaning":"A miracle, something astonishing.","language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wonderful','wonderland','wondrous']::text[], '[{"word":"amazement","formality":"formal"},{"word":"awe","formality":"formal"},{"word":"marvel","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T23:04:09.085Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a4a09ff4-1196-435a-8b63-53e8276b44f2', 'wonderful', 'Inspiring wonder or awe; extremely good or admirable.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wunder', 'wonder, marvel', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wund-', '{"era":"current","word":"wonderful","meaning":"inspiring wonder","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wonder","meaning":"marvel, astonishment","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"wundor","meaning":"wonder, marvel","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-ful","meaning":"full of","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wonder','wondrous','wonderment','wonderfully']::text[], '[{"word":"marvelous","formality":"formal"},{"word":"excellent","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"amazing","formality":"informal"},{"word":"splendid","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:46.367Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8135971a-3661-42d7-b5df-787a043357c8', 'wonderfully', 'Wonderfully means in an excellent, remarkable, or delightful way.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wundor', 'wonder, marvel', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wonderfully","meaning":"in an excellent or remarkable way","children":[{"era":"current","word":"wonderful","meaning":"full of wonder or remarkable","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wonder","meaning":"marvel, miracle, astonishment","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-ful","meaning":"full of; having the quality of","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-ly","meaning":"forming adverbs","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wonder','wonderful','wonderment','wondrous','wondering']::text[], '[{"word":"splendidly","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"excellently","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"magnificently","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:25:09.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e9aeacb9-5a0e-4d60-8d03-e579faa38a17', 'wonderland', 'An imaginary realm of marvels and wonders, especially the fictional land in Alice''s Adventures in Wonderland.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wonderland","meaning":"an imaginary realm of marvels and wonders","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wonder","meaning":"marvel; astonishment","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"land","meaning":"ground; territory; country","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wonder','wondrous','wonderment','wonderful','land']::text[], '[{"word":"fantasyland","formality":"informal"},{"word":"dreamworld","formality":"literary"},{"word":"imaginary realm","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:21:39.135Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8c5d356b-4cfc-4815-b760-38eb2a38b5fe', 'wondrous', 'Causing wonder, amazement, or awe; remarkable or marvelous.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'Proto-Germanic *wundrą', 'wonder, marvel', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wondrous","meaning":"causing wonder","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wonder","meaning":"astonishment, marvel","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wundrą","meaning":"wonder, marvel","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"Middle English","word":"-ous","meaning":"forming adjectives","children":[],"language":"English suffix"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wonder','wonderful','wonderment','wondering','wonderstruck']::text[], '[{"word":"marvelous","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"amazing","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"extraordinary","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T07:36:23.981Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d7bc0da4-3572-46cb-a2f9-cbaf7c5c3f74', 'wont', '(adj) Accustomed or used to; (n) one''s customary behavior in a particular situation.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wonen', 'to dwell, to be accustomed', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wen-', '{"era":"current","word":"wont","meaning":"accustomed/habit","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wont","meaning":"accustomed","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wonen","meaning":"to dwell, to be accustomed","children":[{"era":null,"word":"*wunjaną","meaning":"to dwell, to be accustomed","children":[{"era":null,"word":"*wen-","meaning":"to strive, to wish, to love","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['won','win','winsome','want']::text[], '[{"word":"accustomed","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"habit","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"custom","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:24:31.539Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e260cbc6-1315-471c-87a9-e43c6a9b30aa', 'woo', 'To try to gain the love of someone, typically with a view to marriage.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wōgian', 'to bend, to incline, to supplicate, to woo', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wōgijaną', '{"era":"current","word":"woo","meaning":"to try to gain the love of someone","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wowen","meaning":"to woo, sue","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wōgian","meaning":"to woo, supplicate","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wooing','woer','woefully']::text[], '[{"word":"court","formality":"literary"},{"word":"romance","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"seduce","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:11:15.228Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ad9f55d4-c807-49c9-8ba7-73dd0f283ea1', 'wood', 'The hard fibrous material from trees used for building and fuel.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wud', 'mad, wild', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wade-', '{"era":"current","word":"wood","meaning":"tree material","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wud","meaning":"mad, wild (from connection to wild forest)","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"*wade-","meaning":"hunt, chase","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['woods','wooden','woody','woodsy']::text[], '[{"word":"timber","formality":"formal"},{"word":"lumber","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"forest","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:12.468Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4c2d87ee-d94f-4001-bed4-ff4c92314ac7', 'woody', 'Made of wood; resembling wood or trees.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wudu', 'wood, forest', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*widhu-', '{"era":"current","word":"woody","meaning":"Made of wood; resembling wood or trees.","children":[{"era":"current","word":"wood","meaning":"the fibrous material that makes up the main substance of a tree or shrub","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wudu","meaning":"wood, forest","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*widu","meaning":"wood, forest","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"*widhu-","meaning":"tree, wood","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wood','woods','wooden','woodland']::text[], '[{"word":"arboreal","formality":"formal"},{"word":"wooden","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sylvan","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:09:44.029Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('84095095-966c-48ad-a8bd-7f021c1fee48', 'woof', 'A low, deep bark made by a dog.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"woof","meaning":"a low, deep bark made by a dog","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['woof-woof','woofing','woofed','woofs']::text[], '[{"word":"bark","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"arf","formality":"informal"},{"word":"bow-wow","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-09T22:54:37.766Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7b7fb8c3-23f0-45bc-80be-c86554a17a35', 'wool', 'The fine, soft, curly hair forming the fleece of a sheep and certain other animals.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wull', 'wool', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*Hwlh₁-neh₂', '{"era":"current","word":"wool","meaning":"fleece of sheep","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wull","meaning":"wool","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*wulnō","meaning":"wool","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*Hwlh₁-neh₂","meaning":"wool","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['woolen','woolly','wold','felt']::text[], '[{"word":"fleece","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fiber","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"yarn","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:22:27.892Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6fea46b7-74d4-4136-b7f3-b458aaa564bc', 'word', 'a unit of language with meaning and form, spoken or written.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'word', 'speech, utterance', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*werdan', '{"era":"current","word":"word","meaning":"unit of language","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"word","meaning":"word, speech","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"word","meaning":"speech, utterance","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['words','wording','wordy','password','keyword']::text[], '[{"word":"term","formality":"formal"},{"word":"utterance","formality":"formal"},{"word":"expression","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:46:52.437Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0c4e7ef1-a305-4371-a2a1-a6099db2b7d9', 'words', 'Units of language with independent meaning that form sentences.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'word', 'speech, talk, utterance', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werda-', '{"era":"current","word":"words","meaning":"linguistic units","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"word","meaning":"speech, utterance","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"word","meaning":"speech","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['word','wordy','wording','wordless']::text[], '[{"word":"terms","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"expressions","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"utterances","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:08.509Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('917d5cf5-2a29-43e2-8fdc-c73780514480', 'work', 'Activity involving effort or exertion to accomplish a task or produce a result.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'weorc', 'work, labor, deed', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"work","meaning":"activity; effort to accomplish","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"work, labor, deed","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorc","meaning":"work, labor, deed","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worker','working','workable','worked','workout']::text[], '[{"word":"labor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"toil","formality":"literary"},{"word":"task","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"employment","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:17:11.578Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('522d90be-48df-4c92-87e2-3186e807214d', 'worked', 'Past tense of work; performed labor or activity.', 'verb', 'trabajó', 'germanic', 'werc', 'to do; to make; to work', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"worked","meaning":"performed labor or activity (past tense)","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"to do; to labor","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"werc","meaning":"work; deed; craft","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"*werg-","meaning":"to do; to work","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','worker','working','workable']::text[], '[{"word":"labored","formality":"formal"},{"word":"toiled","formality":"literary"},{"word":"functioned","formality":"formal"},{"word":"operated","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:39.468Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bdfa2096-2ec3-4da8-adeb-9aafc04dfc5e', 'worker', 'A person who does a particular job or who works in a particular way.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'weorcan', 'to work, to labor', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"worker","meaning":"a person who works","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"to labor","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*werg-","meaning":"to work","children":[{"era":"pre-2000 BCE","word":"*werg-","meaning":"to do, make","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','workshop','rework','hardworking','homework']::text[], '[{"word":"employee","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"laborer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"toiler","formality":"literary"},{"word":"operative","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T18:02:55.464Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('92c4ec06-5547-44a5-9475-00aa5cd51cb2', 'workers', 'Plural of worker; people who perform labor or carry out tasks for employment.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English werc', 'work, deed, action', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wergan', '{"era":"current","word":"workers","meaning":"plural of worker; people who work","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"worker","meaning":"one who works","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"labor, action, deed","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','worker','working','workable']::text[], '[{"word":"employees","formality":"formal"},{"word":"laborers","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"staff","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.254Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1cd922d4-cdf1-4e62-90ab-ca95487f79be', 'workflow', 'The sequence of industrial, administrative, or other processes through which a piece of work passes from initiation to completion.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'work, flow', 'to labor, exert; to move freely', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-, *plew-', '{"era":"current","word":"workflow","meaning":"sequence of processes","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"weorc","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"flow","meaning":"flōwan","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['workshop','homework','coworker','flood','flowing']::text[], '[{"word":"process","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"procedure","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"routine","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"operation","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:05:34.208Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('09badeaa-d659-4c75-8806-2007c9d65ea8', 'workforce', 'The total number of people employed or available for work.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'weorc + fortia', 'labor, action + strength', 'Old English + Latin', 'pre-1100 + classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"workforce","meaning":"People available for work.","children":[{"era":"current","word":"work","meaning":"labor","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorc","meaning":"labor, action","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*werka","meaning":"action, deed","children":[{"era":"8000-3000 BCE","word":"*werg-","meaning":"to do","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"force","meaning":"strength","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"force","meaning":"strength, power","children":[{"era":"300s-500s","word":"fortia","meaning":"strength","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"fortis","meaning":"strong","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','force','labor','employee']::text[], '[{"word":"labor force","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"employees","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"staff","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"personnel","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:09:21.052Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fca1473d-7a15-4e5e-8e76-e711b399037b', 'working', 'The action of doing work or being employed.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'work', 'to do, act, labor', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"working","meaning":"action of labor or employment","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"to labor, do work","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorc","meaning":"work, labor, craftsmanship","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','worker','workable','works']::text[], '[{"word":"laboring","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"functioning","formality":"formal"},{"word":"operating","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.275Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('830ed6ab-23f4-48eb-abbb-f70037f2183c', 'workout', 'A session of strenuous physical exercise or training.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'work', 'labor, effort', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"workout","meaning":"Session of exercise","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"labor, effort","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"out","meaning":"forth, away","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','working','workable','overwork']::text[], '[{"word":"exercise","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"training","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"session","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"routine","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:17:30.389Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('14074ccb-bb0f-479c-8f04-b496e31ac17d', 'works', 'performs labor or tasks; operates or functions.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'weorc', 'work, labor', 'Old English', '800s', '*werkan', '{"era":"current","word":"works","meaning":"performs labor; operates","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"work","meaning":"work, labor, toil","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorc","meaning":"work, activity","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','worker','working','workable','artwork']::text[], '[{"word":"labors","formality":"formal"},{"word":"operates","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"functions","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:06:00.011Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3b807a79-d355-4763-a21e-bf0172171764', 'workshop', 'A room or building in which goods are manufactured, repaired, or assembled.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'work', 'to make, labor', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"workshop","meaning":"a place where goods are made or repaired","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"workshop","meaning":"room for craftwork","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"work","meaning":"labor, exertion","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"shop","meaning":"small house, booth","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','shop','workshops','worker']::text[], '[{"word":"workroom","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"studio","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"factory","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:41.695Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b69233f0-0ade-427e-b9aa-9ecdee94980b', 'world', 'The earth and all its inhabitants; the domain of human life and experience.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'weorold', 'human existence, age, lifetime', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wer-ald-', '{"era":"current","word":"world","meaning":"earth and inhabitants","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"world","meaning":"human existence, age","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorold","meaning":"age, lifetime, human existence","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worldwide','worldly','otherworldly','underworld']::text[], '[{"word":"earth","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"globe","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cosmos","formality":"formal"},{"word":"realm","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:46:52.437Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bae5fb11-4845-4ec4-9298-e1a59c82e1a0', 'worldly', 'Concerned with secular affairs, practical life, or ordinary human experience rather than spiritual matters.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', '*werald-', '"age of man"; world', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"worldly","meaning":"concerned with secular affairs or ordinary life","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"world","meaning":"human life on earth; later the earth and the universe","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wer + *ald","meaning":"\"man\" + \"age\"; literally \"age of man\"","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-ly","meaning":"adjectival suffix meaning \"having the nature of\"","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['world','worldliness','worldwide','worldview','worldly-wise']::text[], '[{"word":"secular","formality":"formal"},{"word":"earthly","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cosmopolitan","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T04:30:41.432Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f9c82bee-0975-4e28-ba11-161059571cd3', 'worldwide', 'Extending or existing throughout all countries or the entire world.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'world + wide', 'all the world + broad, extensive', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"worldwide","meaning":"throughout the entire world","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"world","meaning":"the world, human existence","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wide","meaning":"broad, extensive","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['world','wide','worldwide','globally']::text[], '[{"word":"global","formality":"formal"},{"word":"international","formality":"formal"},{"word":"universal","formality":"formal"},{"word":"planetwide","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:56.274Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('175c33e5-2a98-4406-84a7-c44a71fdec58', 'worm', 'Any of numerous relatively small, elongated, soft-bodied, legless invertebrates.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wyrm', 'serpent, dragon, worm', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wrmi-', '{"era":"current","word":"worm","meaning":"Legless invertebrate","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wyrm","meaning":"serpent, dragon, worm","children":[{"era":"pre-500 CE","word":"*wurmiz","meaning":"worm, serpent","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wyrm','vermin','wurm']::text[], '[{"word":"grub","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"larva","formality":"technical"},{"word":"maggot","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:08:40.043Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('14afdfe9-9437-4cc1-bc1a-aec902661285', 'wormhole', 'A hypothetical shortcut through spacetime, or literally a hole made by a worm.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'worm + hole', 'a hole made by a worm', 'English', '1500s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wormhole","meaning":"a worm-made hole or a spacetime shortcut","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"worm + hole","meaning":"compound of worm and hole","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"worm","meaning":"worm; serpent","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hole","meaning":"hollow; opening","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worm','hole','wormy','holey']::text[], '[{"word":"tunnel","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shortcut","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Einstein-Rosen bridge","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:24:53.191Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ead08bc4-b5a1-45fa-adf2-0b27324dad31', 'worry', 'To give way to anxiety or unease; allow one''s mind to dwell on difficulty or troubles.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wyrgan', 'to strangle, choke', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"worry","meaning":"to feel anxiety","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"weryen","meaning":"to choke, strangle","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wyrgan","meaning":"to strangle","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worrywart','worried','worrisome','unworrying']::text[], '[{"word":"fret","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bother","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"agonize","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"stress","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:07:18.530Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bc2c4b9a-7444-4149-9fdd-02e31bf70da1', 'worship', 'The act of showing reverence and adoration for a deity or something sacred.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'weorthscipe', 'worthiness, honor, reverence', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*werþaz', '{"era":"current","word":"worship","meaning":"to show reverence","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorthscipe","meaning":"worthiness, honor, reverence","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorth","meaning":"worth, worthy","children":[{"era":"proto-language","word":"*werþaz","meaning":"worth, worthy","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-scipe","meaning":"state, condition (suffix)","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worth','worthy','fellowship']::text[], '[{"word":"adore","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"revere","formality":"formal"},{"word":"venerate","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:05:25.619Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f6ce26c0-bc08-4c32-bb11-1a2c35e54c7e', 'worth', 'The value or quality of something, or merit and importance.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English weorþ', 'value, price, merit', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wertis', '{"era":"current","word":"worth","meaning":"value or merit","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorþ","meaning":"value, price, merit","children":[{"era":"pre-1000 BCE","word":"*wertis","meaning":"to turn, worth","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worthy','worthless','worthwhile','unworthy']::text[], '[{"word":"value","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"merit","formality":"formal"},{"word":"quality","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.254Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('91e1749f-f927-40f0-8950-4091cb91f474', 'worthwhile', 'Worth the time, money, or effort spent; rewarding.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'worth + while', 'deserving; time', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wert- (worth), *kʷyeh₁- (while)', '{"era":"current","word":"worthwhile","meaning":"worth the effort","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"worth + while","meaning":"worth time","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorþ","meaning":"worth, value","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*werþaz","meaning":"worth","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*wert-","meaning":"to turn","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"hwīl","meaning":"time, interval","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*hwīlō","meaning":"period of time","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*kʷyeh₁-","meaning":"rest, quiet","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English compound"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worth','whilst','meanwhile','worthiness','worthless']::text[], '[{"word":"valuable","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"beneficial","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rewarding","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"profitable","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:19:44.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('54e776b2-25fc-49a3-b558-44cca5ad240a', 'worthy', 'Having sufficient merit, value, or excellence; deserving of respect or attention.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'weorþ', 'worth, value, price', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wert-', '{"era":"current","word":"worthy","meaning":"deserving","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorðig","meaning":"worthwhile, valuable","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"weorþ","meaning":"worth, value, price","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['worth','worthwhile','worthless','priceless']::text[], '[{"word":"deserving","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"meritorious","formality":"formal"},{"word":"commendable","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:03:44.379Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f8684669-7719-4d7b-a58f-46b324df172e', 'would', 'Past tense of will, expressing conditional or habitual action in the past.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wolde', 'wished, wanted', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wel-', '{"era":"current","word":"would","meaning":"conditional auxiliary verb","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wolde","meaning":"wished, wanted","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wellan","meaning":"to wish, will","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['will','willing','well','wealth']::text[], '[{"word":"should","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"might","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.553Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d793d792-d224-4cdd-8722-44319d4bc3d7', 'wound', 'An injury to living tissue caused by a cut, blow, or other impact, typically one in which the skin is broken.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wund', 'wound, injury', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wenh₁-', '{"era":"current","word":"wound","meaning":"an injury","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"wunde","meaning":"wound","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wund","meaning":"wound","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wounding','wounds','unwounded','gore']::text[], '[{"word":"injury","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"laceration","formality":"technical"},{"word":"cut","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:08:56.718Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dc2dd84f-48e9-4d4f-8531-80dd21e73acc', 'wow', 'Expressing astonishment or admiration.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', 'wow', '(imitative sound)', 'Scots', '16th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wow","meaning":"Expressing astonishment","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"wow","meaning":"expression of astonishment; wailing of a dog","children":[{"era":"pre-16th century","word":"(onomatopoeic)","meaning":"sound of wailing or wonder","children":[],"language":"Imitative"}],"language":"Scots"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['woof','howl','meow','pow']::text[], '[{"word":"amazing","formality":"informal"},{"word":"fantastic","formality":"informal"},{"word":"incredible","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T02:04:58.598Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ab667479-45fe-41ae-94d4-6aef7725d0c3', 'wraith', 'A ghostly apparition or specter, especially one resembling a living person.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wraith","meaning":"a ghostly apparition or specter, especially one resembling a living person","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"wraith","meaning":"ghost, apparition, or likeness","children":[],"language":"Scots"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wraithlike','wraithy','wraiths','wraithen']::text[], '[{"word":"ghost","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"specter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"apparition","formality":"formal"},{"word":"shade","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:25:09.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ec950134-1c6d-494e-b786-fbbfb88f1124', 'wrap', 'To cover or enclose something by folding or winding a material around it.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrappian', 'to wrap, turn, fold', 'Old English/Old Norse', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wrap","meaning":"To cover or enclose something by folding or winding","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"wrappen","meaning":"to wrap","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrappian","meaning":"to wrap","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"vreppa","meaning":"to turn, fold","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wrapper','unravel','envelop','fold']::text[], '[{"word":"enfold","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"encase","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"swathe","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cover","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:17:30.192Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('db1105c8-f8ec-4e0f-8084-1e08b8ce530b', 'wrath', 'Extreme anger; rage.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wræððu', 'anger', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreit-', '{"era":"current","word":"wrath","meaning":"extreme anger","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wræððu","meaning":"anger, rage","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['writhe','wretched','ire','angry']::text[], '[{"word":"rage","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fury","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"indignation","formality":"formal"},{"word":"ire","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:09:06.000Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f48cd494-d444-437c-9695-000340f15981', 'wreck', 'The destruction or disablement of a ship or other vehicle; also, the remains of such.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wræc', 'vengeance, misfortune, ruin', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreg-', '{"era":"current","word":"wreck","meaning":"destruction, remains","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wræc","meaning":"misfortune, ruin","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*wreg-","meaning":"to drive, to push","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wreak','wretched','wrath']::text[], '[{"word":"ruin","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shipwreck","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"disaster","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:19:49.672Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2609b58d-ecdb-4a63-8a82-31890cfe6ece', 'wrench', 'To twist or pull something abruptly and forcefully.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrenc', 'twist; trick; distortion', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wrench","meaning":"to twist or pull something abruptly and forcefully","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wrenchen","meaning":"to twist, distort, or seize sharply","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrenc","meaning":"a trick, twist, or distortion","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wrenched','wrenching','unwrench','wrenchingly','wrenchable']::text[], '[{"word":"twist","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"yank","formality":"informal"},{"word":"tug","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:24:53.191Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f22dfed9-85be-4b3b-ae9f-c49de0dd333d', 'wrestle', 'To engage in a physical struggle with an opponent, trying to throw or force them to the ground.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'wræstlian', 'to struggle, to twist', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreih₁-', '{"era":"current","word":"wrestle","meaning":"To engage in a struggle or fight","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wræstlian","meaning":"to struggle, to twist","children":[{"era":"early Germanic","word":"*wraistjan","meaning":"to twist","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*wer-","meaning":"to turn, to bend","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wrest','wrist','wrench','writhe']::text[], '[{"word":"struggle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"grapple","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"contend","formality":"formal"},{"word":"tussle","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:10:53.109Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c722b3b5-339c-4377-ab22-3317ed1b5fd6', 'wrestler', 'A wrestler is a person who wrestles, especially as a sport or profession.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrǣstlian', 'to wrestle; to struggle or twist', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wrestler","meaning":"a person who wrestles","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wrestle","meaning":"to struggle or grapple physically","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrǣstlian","meaning":"to struggle, grapple, or wrestle","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrǣstan","meaning":"to twist, wrench, or wrest","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wrestle','wrestling','wrested','wrest','armwrestling']::text[], '[{"word":"grappler","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fighter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"combatant","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T20:28:01.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('aae2f795-3b60-4d82-9793-2d97e82345f6', 'wretch', 'An unfortunate or unhappy person.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrecca', 'exile, stranger, outcast', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wrakjō', '{"era":"current","word":"wretch","meaning":"An unfortunate person","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrecca","meaning":"exile, stranger, outcast","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wrakjō","meaning":"wanderer","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wretched','wretchedness','wrack']::text[], '[{"word":"outcast","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"unfortunate","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"miserable","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:11:34.071Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7f62e0a4-3926-4107-9c79-6d0c4c378f69', 'wretched', 'In a deplorable, miserable, or unfortunate state.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrecca', 'exile, outcast', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreg-', '{"era":"current","word":"wretched","meaning":"In a deplorable, miserable, or unfortunate state.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wrecched","meaning":"miserable","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrecca","meaning":"exile, outcast","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wretch','wretchedness','bewretch']::text[], '[{"word":"miserable","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"unhappy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"deplorable","formality":"formal"},{"word":"pitiable","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:12:38.618Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1016d5f2-86ed-4a47-8acf-01bf8e6fdaba', 'wright', 'A person who makes or builds something (often used in compounds, e.g., playwright, wheelwright).', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', '*wrihtiz', 'worker, maker', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*werg-', '{"era":"current","word":"wright","meaning":"maker, builder","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wyrhta","meaning":"worker, maker","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wrihtiz","meaning":"worker, maker","children":[{"era":null,"word":"*werg-","meaning":"to do, to work","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['work','wrought','playwright','cartwright']::text[], '[{"word":"craftsman","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"maker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"builder","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:08:59.568Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fde9796c-d3da-4cdf-8d96-d65ef4b15d8c', 'wrinkle', 'A wrinkle is a small fold, line, or crease in a surface, especially skin or cloth.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wrinkle","meaning":"a small fold, line, or crease in a surface","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"wrincle","meaning":"a fold or crease","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrincle","meaning":"a fold, crease, or wrinkle","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wrinkled','wrinkly','wrinkling','crinkle']::text[], '[{"word":"crease","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"crinkle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fold","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T21:21:23.830Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2a2d85d5-7393-4d2c-a491-5a07ecf9ec5e', 'wrist', 'The joint connecting the hand with the forearm.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrist', 'wrist', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreih-', '{"era":"current","word":"wrist","meaning":"hand-forearm joint","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrist","meaning":"wrist","children":[{"era":"Proto-Germanic","word":"*wristiz","meaning":"wrist","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['writhe','wrest','wreath','twist','wry']::text[], '[{"word":"carpus","formality":"technical"},{"word":"joint","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"articulation","formality":"technical"},{"word":"appendage","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:18:07.700Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('991c2f0b-e840-47a1-b017-ff3f6cae9471', 'write', 'To mark letters, words, or symbols on a surface, typically paper, using a pen or pencil.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'writan', 'to scratch, cut, score', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreit-', '{"era":"current","word":"write","meaning":"to mark letters or words","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"writan","meaning":"to scratch, cut, engrave","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wreit-","meaning":"to scratch, tear","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['written','writer','writing','writes','rewrite']::text[], '[{"word":"compose","formality":"formal"},{"word":"inscribe","formality":"formal"},{"word":"jot","formality":"informal"},{"word":"scribe","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:54:10.509Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dbe6d17e-945b-4d09-a86b-5d7dc132e55c', 'writer', 'A person who writes, especially as a profession or occupation; an author.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'wrītan', 'to write, scratch', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreit-', '{"era":"current","word":"writer","meaning":"one who writes","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"write","meaning":"to write, scratch, mark","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"*wreit-","meaning":"to write, scratch","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-er","meaning":"agent suffix","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['write','writing','written','rewrite','writer''s']::text[], '[{"word":"author","formality":"formal"},{"word":"scribe","formality":"formal"},{"word":"penman","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"wordsmith","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:45.832Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('15002dee-0bd9-42c3-8b3c-69f24627d622', 'writing', 'The act or skill of marking letters and words on a surface.', 'noun', 'escritura', 'germanic', 'writan', 'to scratch, cut, mark', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wer-', '{"era":"1200s","word":"writing","meaning":"the act of inscribing characters","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"writan","meaning":"to scratch, mark, cut","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wer-","meaning":"to turn, bend, scratch","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['write','writer','written']::text[], '[{"word":"script","formality":"formal"},{"word":"composition","formality":"formal"},{"word":"penmanship","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.172Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('28daafa0-fd59-43ae-b691-c00b9f17d4be', 'written', 'composed and set down in letters or characters.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'writan', 'to scratch, carve, write', 'Old English', '800s', '*wreit', '{"era":"current","word":"written","meaning":"set down in writing","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"written","meaning":"carved, inscribed","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"writan","meaning":"to scratch, carve, write","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*wreit","meaning":"to turn, twist, write","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['write','writer','writing','rewrite','handwritten']::text[], '[{"word":"inscribed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"composed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"documented","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:06:00.011Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e748d33f-6086-4187-8133-257786583d4e', 'wrong', 'Not correct or in accordance with fact, law, or morality.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English wrang', 'twisted, crooked, unjust', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"wrong","meaning":"not correct; unjust","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wrang","meaning":"twisted, crooked, unjust","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"wringan","meaning":"to twist, wring","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['wring','wrung','wrongly','wrongness','wrongdoing']::text[], '[{"word":"incorrect","formality":"formal"},{"word":"unjust","formality":"formal"},{"word":"mistaken","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"improper","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:12.952Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('34918c44-40f4-4052-b006-4901cb5479c5', 'wrote', 'Past tense of write; marked letters or symbols on a surface.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'Old English writan', 'to write, scratch', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*wreik-', '{"era":"current","word":"wrote","meaning":"past tense of write","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"write","meaning":"to scratch, carve, write","children":[{"era":"2000 BCE","word":"*wreik-","meaning":"to scratch, tear","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['write','writer','writing','rewrite']::text[], '[{"word":"inscribed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"penned","formality":"literary"},{"word":"composed","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:56.693Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('61d22b3a-506f-427c-9298-73313bd3a8e2', 'www', 'Abbreviation for World Wide Web, a system of interconnected documents and resources on the Internet.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"1989","word":"www","meaning":"World Wide Web","children":[{"era":"1989","word":"World Wide Web","meaning":"global information system","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"web","meaning":"woven fabric, network","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"webb","meaning":"woven cloth","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['web','internet','website','browser']::text[], '[{"word":"web","formality":"informal"},{"word":"Internet","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:15.703Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('679b6bb1-b360-43bd-8b6f-c300d580e6d4', 'xbox', 'A video game console manufactured by Microsoft, primarily used for entertainment and gaming.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, 'proprietary brand name', 'English', '2001', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"xbox","meaning":"gaming console","children":[{"era":"2001","word":"Xbox","meaning":"brand name combining X and box","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['console','gaming','Microsoft']::text[], '[{"word":"gaming console","formality":"technical"},{"word":"video game system","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"game platform","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:15.597Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fe3da549-86fb-462b-8ba4-ce200142416a', 'xml', 'Extensible Markup Language; a standardized markup language for encoding documents and data.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'Extensible + Markup + Language', 'capable of being extended + language for marking up text + means of communication', 'Modern English', '1998', NULL, '{"era":"1998","word":"XML","meaning":"Extensible Markup Language","children":[{"era":"current","word":"Extensible","meaning":"capable of being extended","children":[],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"1960s","word":"Markup","meaning":"annotations in text","children":[],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"Language","meaning":"system of communication","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['SGML','HTML','markup','extensible']::text[], '[{"word":"markup language","formality":"technical"},{"word":"data format","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:11.101Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9a441504-ac38-4284-b495-ce4e7e939865', 'yah', 'An informal term used to express affirmation or agreement, or as a greeting.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'geā', 'yes', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yah","meaning":"informal yes","children":[{"era":"19th century","word":"yeah","meaning":"informal yes","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"yea","meaning":"yes","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geā","meaning":"yes","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yeah','yes','aye','yup','yep','yea']::text[], '[{"word":"yes","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"yeah","formality":"informal"},{"word":"yup","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:03:59.535Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('910418a9-178e-41a0-9bb4-bdb9a2adb234', 'yahoo', 'An exclamation of excitement or enthusiasm; also a person regarded as uncouth or barbaric.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yahoo","meaning":"exclamation of excitement","children":[{"era":"1726","word":"Gulliver''s Travels","meaning":"coined by Jonathan Swift for a fictional brutish race","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yay','hooray','whoop']::text[], '[{"word":"hurrah","formality":"informal"},{"word":"exclamation","formality":"formal"},{"word":"whoop","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.136Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5ec25e00-5366-4c7a-87d7-5abc4cce6c4a', 'yakuza', 'An organized crime syndicate originating in Japan.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'ya ku za', 'eight, nine, three (a losing hand in a card game)', 'Japanese', '18th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yakuza","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"18th century","word":"yakuza","meaning":"gambler''s gang (from losing card hand)","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"ya","meaning":"eight","children":[],"language":"Japanese"},{"era":"ancient","word":"ku","meaning":"nine","children":[],"language":"Japanese"},{"era":"ancient","word":"za","meaning":"three","children":[],"language":"Japanese"}],"language":"Japanese"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['gangster','mafia','syndicate','criminal','triad']::text[], '[{"word":"mafia","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"gang","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"syndicate","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:04:43.237Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('93272312-6f49-4ad5-be69-efe5ff5b9910', 'yang', 'The masculine or positive principle in nature, in traditional Chinese philosophy.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'yáng', 'sun, male, positive', 'Mandarin Chinese', 'ancient', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yang","meaning":"masculine principle","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"yáng","meaning":"sun, male, positive principle","children":[],"language":"Mandarin Chinese"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yin','yin-yang','Taoism','qi']::text[], '[{"word":"masculine principle","formality":"technical"},{"word":"positive force","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"active energy","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:18:57.515Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('96eb5ab7-4df9-4220-a420-cfb9af9b2c79', 'yarn', 'Spun fiber used for knitting, weaving, or sewing.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'gearn', 'spun fiber', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*garno-', '{"era":"current","word":"yarn","meaning":"spun fiber","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gearn","meaning":"spun fiber","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*garno-","meaning":"spun fiber","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['fiber','thread','string','weave','knit','narrative']::text[], '[{"word":"thread","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fiber","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"story","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:10:42.541Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d60a6849-8c2d-40b0-9f6b-6e2137ac7810', 'yawn', 'To yawn is to open the mouth involuntarily, usually with a deep breath, often from fatigue or boredom.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', '*ginaną', 'to gape, yawn', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*ghei-', '{"era":"current","word":"yawn","meaning":"to open the mouth involuntarily, usually with a deep breath","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Old English ġinian","meaning":"to yawn, gape","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Proto-Germanic *ginaną","meaning":"to gape, yawn","children":[{"era":"prehistory","word":"PIE *ghei-","meaning":"to gape, yawn","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yawning','yawned','yawner','yawnlike']::text[], '[{"word":"gape","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"open wide","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"stretch","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T00:24:30.064Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('57dd49f9-ab61-42cb-96ae-05a0f151d6af', 'yay', 'An exclamation used to express joy, approval, or triumph.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'yea', 'yes, indeed', 'Middle English', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yay","meaning":"An exclamation used to express joy, approval, or triumph.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yea","meaning":"yes, indeed","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yea','yeah','yippee','yaho']::text[], '[{"word":"hooray","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hurrah","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bravo","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:13:16.978Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b58a900f-464f-4e91-bd5e-35d52eb5d623', 'yea', 'Yes; indeed.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'gea', 'yes, so, thus', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ja-', '{"era":"current","word":"yea","meaning":"Yes; indeed.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gea","meaning":"yes, so, thus","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*ja-","meaning":"yes","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yes','yonder','yet']::text[], '[{"word":"yes","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"indeed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"truly","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:18:41.680Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('64307f74-d64b-4afb-89db-21b61af8219b', 'yeah', 'An informal word expressing affirmation or agreement.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'gea', 'yes', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gai-', '{"era":"current","word":"yeah","meaning":"yes, affirmation","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yea","meaning":"yes","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gea","meaning":"yes","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yea','yes','yep','yeah']::text[], '[{"word":"yes","formality":"formal"},{"word":"yep","formality":"informal"},{"word":"affirmative","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:48.847Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('62fd4cac-b76e-4f7b-8b16-a415683bdbd8', 'year', 'A period of time lasting approximately 365 or 366 days, marking one complete orbit of Earth around the sun.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'jar', 'year, season, harvest time', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*yer-', '{"era":"current","word":"year","meaning":"365-366 day period","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"yer","meaning":"year, season","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"jar","meaning":"year, season, harvest time","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yearly','yearn','yesteryear','year-round']::text[], '[{"word":"annum","formality":"formal"},{"word":"twelvemonth","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"cycle","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:50:39.235Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0c9e0929-267e-4f65-9857-976641dda436', 'yearbook', 'An annual publication, especially one issued by a school or organization.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yearbook","meaning":"an annual publication, especially one issued by a school or organization","children":[{"era":"current","word":"year","meaning":"a period of twelve months","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Old English gēar","meaning":"year","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Proto-Germanic *jērą","meaning":"year","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"book","meaning":"a written or printed work consisting of pages","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Old English bōc","meaning":"book; writing","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Proto-Germanic *bōks","meaning":"book; writing; beech tree","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['year','yearly','year-end','book','booklet']::text[], '[{"word":"annual","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"school annual","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"annal","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T18:43:58.029Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7f75ddf5-2f48-4443-89db-f1c54f3713dc', 'yearly', 'Occurring, appearing, or published once every year; also, of or lasting for a year.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'ġēarlīċ', 'yearly', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*yēr-', '{"era":"current","word":"yearly","meaning":"Occurring once a year.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yerly","meaning":"yearly","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ġēarlīċ","meaning":"yearly","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ġēar","meaning":"year","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['year','annually','anniversary','yore','evergreen']::text[], '[{"word":"annual","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"annually","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"per annum","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:08:40.043Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f6728884-1405-4174-bbaa-8c0d4c39204c', 'yearn', 'To feel a strong, often wistful desire for something.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'geornian', 'to desire, long for', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yearn","meaning":"feel a strong desire","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yernen / yernen","meaning":"to desire eagerly","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ġeornian","meaning":"to desire, be eager","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yearning','yearned','yearner','yearnings','yearningly']::text[], '[{"word":"long","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pine","formality":"literary"},{"word":"crave","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T20:45:59.230Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('973e96a2-3611-4dad-8f3c-bc4c110ae4ae', 'years', 'Plural of year; a period of 365 or 366 days, or a long period of time.', 'noun', 'año', 'germanic', 'gear', 'year, season', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*jer-', '{"era":"current","word":"years","meaning":"periods of time, plural","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"year","meaning":"a cycle of seasons","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gear","meaning":"year, season","children":[{"era":"3000 BCE","word":"*jer-","meaning":"to turn, to make a turn of seasons","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['year','yearly','yearling','yearbook']::text[], '[{"word":"annum","formality":"formal"},{"word":"seasons","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cycles","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:05.785Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3670f2d6-a38b-471a-b311-5910fc1abb8d', 'yeast', 'A microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and are capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'gist', 'foam, ferment', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*yes-', '{"era":"current","word":"yeast","meaning":"fungus used in baking/brewing","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yest","meaning":"foam, ferment","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gist","meaning":"foam, ferment","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['gush','gas','gust','effervescence']::text[], '[{"word":"leavening","formality":"technical"},{"word":"ferment","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:18:07.700Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e85049b9-235c-4375-9771-14a78ec7da39', 'yell', 'To utter a loud, sharp cry; to shout.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'ġiellan', 'to yell, shout', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gellan-', '{"era":"current","word":"yell","meaning":"to shout loudly","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ġiellan","meaning":"to yell, shout","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yowl','call','holler','gale']::text[], '[{"word":"shout","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"scream","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"holler","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:05:04.870Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5f8ff08f-cd5d-4d72-b464-22b06d0fc816', 'yellow', 'The color of the sun or gold, between green and orange in the spectrum.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'geolu', 'yellow', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ghel-', '{"era":"current","word":"yellow","meaning":"color between green and orange","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yellwe","meaning":"yellow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geolo","meaning":"yellow","children":[{"era":"2000 BCE","word":"*ghel-","meaning":"to shine, be bright","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yellowish','yellowing','yellowness','golden']::text[], '[{"word":"golden","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"amber","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"blonde","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:09.171Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7e15face-a5ac-4c43-be32-88afab18e483', 'yelp', 'A sharp, high-pitched cry, especially of pain or surprise.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', '*gelpą', 'boasting; shouting', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*gʰel-', '{"era":"current","word":"yelp","meaning":"a sharp cry","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"yelpen","meaning":"to cry out; to boast","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ġielpan","meaning":"to boast; cry out","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*gelpą","meaning":"boasting; shouting","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*gʰel-","meaning":"to shout; call out","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yelped','yelping','yelps','yelper','yell']::text[], '[{"word":"cry","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"squeal","formality":"informal"},{"word":"shriek","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T03:34:26.760Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4adf28ec-0811-4f23-8fca-030d1a661864', 'yep', 'An informal affirmative reply meaning yes.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'yea', 'yes, so, indeed', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ja-', '{"era":"1800s","word":"yep","meaning":"informal yes","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"yep / yup","meaning":"dialectal yes","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"yes","meaning":"affirmative reply","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"gese / yise","meaning":"yes","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gēse","meaning":"yes (lit. ''be it so'')","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*ja-","meaning":"yes, affirmation","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Early Modern English"}],"language":"American English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yes','yeah','yup','yea','aye','affirmative']::text[], '[{"word":"yes","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"yeah","formality":"informal"},{"word":"certainly","formality":"formal"},{"word":"aye","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T02:50:54.176Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8688cb76-0a78-42be-ba0f-0dd6bc48e012', 'yes', 'An affirmative response expressing agreement or consent.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'gea', 'yes', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yes","meaning":"affirmative response","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yis","meaning":"yes","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gea","meaning":"yes","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yeah','yep','yea','yes']::text[], '[{"word":"affirmative","formality":"formal"},{"word":"yeah","formality":"informal"},{"word":"yea","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"certainly","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.992Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('61037e76-0f65-4bbf-aeb5-f1f909187527', 'yesterday', 'The day before today.', 'noun', 'ayer', 'germanic', 'yester', 'of or relating to the day before', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ghes-', '{"era":"current","word":"yesterday","meaning":"the day before today","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"yester","meaning":"of the preceding day","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"day","meaning":"24-hour period","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yester','yesternight','yesteryear','day']::text[], '[{"word":"prior day","formality":"formal"},{"word":"the day before","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:41.695Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0d206a81-609a-4b65-89cd-bc6e05756421', 'yet', 'Still; up to the present time; or used to introduce a statement that contrasts with what has already been said.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'gieta', 'yet, still', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yet","meaning":"still, up to now, or introducing contrast","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"yet","meaning":"yet, still","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yeti']::text[], '[{"word":"still","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"however","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"nonetheless","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.423Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('17b88f2a-9266-40ef-a60e-d3d40721d897', 'yield', 'Produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product).', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'gieldan', 'to pay, to render, to repay', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*geldanan', '{"era":"current","word":"yield","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gieldan","meaning":"to pay, to render, to repay","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*geldanan","meaning":"to pay, to compensate","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['guild','tax','tribute','payment','geld']::text[], '[{"word":"produce","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"provide","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"generate","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"surrender","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T14:03:04.948Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9ffbfda0-2378-48c8-989d-41506abf1f92', 'yikes', 'Yikes is an interjection used to express alarm, surprise, or discomfort.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yikes","meaning":"an exclamation of alarm or surprise","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yike','yikesy','yikeses']::text[], '[{"word":"eek","formality":"informal"},{"word":"oops","formality":"informal"},{"word":"whoa","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T12:37:06.794Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('783c0d7f-9059-49f2-9956-fdeb345d775d', 'yin', 'The dark, receptive, and passive principle in Chinese cosmology, paired with yang.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', '陰 / 阴 (yīn)', 'shade; the dark side, especially of a hill', 'Chinese', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yin","meaning":"the dark, receptive principle in Chinese cosmology","children":[{"era":"modern borrowing","word":"yin","meaning":"loanword from Chinese transliteration","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"陰 / 阴 (yīn)","meaning":"shade; the dark, receptive side","children":[],"language":"Chinese"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yin-yang','yinyang','yin and yang','yincha']::text[], '[{"word":"dark principle","formality":"formal"},{"word":"receptive principle","formality":"formal"},{"word":"feminine principle","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T00:47:14.985Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c62b3100-95a4-4e4d-bc77-686838d88531', 'yoga', 'A Hindu spiritual and ascetic discipline, widely practiced for health and relaxation.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'yóga', 'Union, joining, harnessing, discipline', 'Sanskrit', 'classical', '*yug-', '{"era":"current","word":"yoga","meaning":"A Hindu spiritual and ascetic discipline","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"yóga","meaning":"union, discipline","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*yug-","meaning":"to join, yoke","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Sanskrit"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yoke','conjugation','adjust','jugular']::text[], '[{"word":"meditation","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"practice","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"discipline","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T16:03:40.850Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('81260193-57a6-4add-9c5a-871ca0448a97', 'yogurt', 'A semi-solid food made from fermented milk, often sweetened and flavored.', 'noun', 'yogur', 'other', 'yoğurt', 'curdled milk', 'Turkish', '1000s (origin)', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yogurt","meaning":"fermented milk product","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"yogourt","meaning":"yogurt","children":[{"era":"1000s (origin)","word":"yoğurt","meaning":"curdled milk","children":[],"language":"Turkish"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['kefir','ayran','lassi','doogh']::text[], '[{"word":"fermented milk","formality":"technical"},{"word":"curd","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:25:34.487Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bf3b3dd9-8338-48e1-8f59-5940ee952cb2', 'yonder', 'At or in that place over there, at a noticeable distance.', 'adverb', NULL, 'germanic', 'geond', 'beyond', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yonder","meaning":"at or in that place over there, at a noticeable distance","children":[{"era":"1100s-1400s","word":"yonder","meaning":"there, over there","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geondor / geondra","meaning":"further away; beyond","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geond","meaning":"beyond","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yon','yond','beyond','yonderly']::text[], '[{"word":"there","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"over there","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"afar","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T19:49:51.880Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0a2d6aab-f952-46e9-8b5b-70848f5644ca', 'york', 'A historic city in northern England, or a place name used in various locations.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Eoferwic', 'boar settlement', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"York","meaning":"historic city in England","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Eoferwic","meaning":"boar settlement","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"Yorvik","meaning":"estate of the wild boar","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Yorkshire','New York']::text[], '[{"word":"Yorvik","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.881Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('650fd037-5467-4e8f-b6a1-69c4631d1a62', 'you', 'Pronoun referring to the person or people being addressed.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'eow', 'you', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*yu-', '{"era":"current","word":"you","meaning":"second person pronoun","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"eow","meaning":"you (accusative/dative)","children":[{"era":"2500 BCE","word":"*yu-","meaning":"second person pronoun","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['your','yourself','ye','thou']::text[], '[{"word":"yourself","formality":"formal"},{"word":"thou","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.461Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b726f797-b2b4-4b42-bf6b-8a28cdbb614d', 'young', 'In early stages of life or development; not old.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'geong', 'young, junior', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*jung-', '{"era":"current","word":"young","meaning":"not old, early in life","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geong","meaning":"young, junior","children":[{"era":"pre-500 BCE","word":"*jung-","meaning":"young","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['youngster','younger','youngest','youth']::text[], '[{"word":"youthful","formality":"formal"},{"word":"juvenile","formality":"technical"},{"word":"adolescent","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:46:52.437Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e25603ae-72f3-471e-9039-e2f4ac3ae5d5', 'youngster', 'A young person, especially a child or adolescent.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'geong', 'young', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"youngster","meaning":"a young person","children":[{"era":"current","word":"young","meaning":"not old; of early age","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geong","meaning":"young","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-ster","meaning":"noun-forming suffix, originally often agentive or collective","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['young','younger','youngest','youngling','youth']::text[], '[{"word":"child","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"youth","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"kid","formality":"informal"},{"word":"minor","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:53:26.791Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('32d6f42a-20a3-4b48-b60b-508aec6aa852', 'your', 'Possessive pronoun or determiner indicating something belonging to or associated with the person being addressed.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'eower', 'of you', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*yu-', '{"era":"current","word":"your","meaning":"possessive pronoun","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"eower","meaning":"of you, your","children":[{"era":"2500 BCE","word":"*yu-","meaning":"second person pronoun","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['you','yours','yourself','ye']::text[], '[{"word":"yours","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"thine","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.461Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('237dee2e-1ffa-4aba-8879-f61ecd32c8d9', 'yours', 'Second-person singular or plural possessive pronoun indicating that something belongs to the person or people being addressed.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'eower', 'of you, belonging to you', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*jūz', '{"era":"current","word":"yours","meaning":"that which belongs to you","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"your + -s","meaning":"possessive form of ''your'', with genitive -s added for independent use","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"your","meaning":"belonging to you","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"eower","meaning":"genitive plural of ''ge'' (ye/you)","children":[{"era":"pre-700","word":"*iwwaz","meaning":"of you (plural)","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['your','you','yourself','yourselves','ye']::text[], '[{"word":"thine","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"thy","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"your own","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-04T23:54:54.564Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c137ded8-844b-42a2-bc7e-2959895812d4', 'yourself', 'The reflexive or emphatic form of ''you'' used as the object of a verb or preposition.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'you', 'second person pronoun', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ju-', '{"era":"current","word":"yourself","meaning":"reflexive form of you","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"you + self","meaning":"you combined with self for emphasis","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"self","meaning":"one''s own person","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['you','self','myself','himself','herself']::text[], '[{"word":"you","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:12.356Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5ae6e189-ef56-4940-bed0-6ba935199556', 'yous', 'An informal plural form of "you" used in some dialects.', 'pronoun', NULL, 'germanic', 'ġē', 'you (plural)', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*jūz', '{"era":"current","word":"yous","meaning":"informal plural ''you''","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"you","meaning":"second-person pronoun","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Old English ġē","meaning":"you (plural)","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Proto-Germanic *jūz","meaning":"you (plural)","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"Proto-Indo-European *yu-","meaning":"you","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"Middle English/Modern English","word":"-s","meaning":"plural suffix","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['you','ye','youse','yinz','you-all']::text[], '[{"word":"youse","formality":"informal"},{"word":"y''all","formality":"informal"},{"word":"you-all","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T12:49:34.711Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e0a5e223-91a5-4adf-9918-aa238743c463', 'youth', 'The period of life when someone is young, typically from childhood to early adulthood.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'youth', 'the state of being young', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ju-', '{"era":"current","word":"youth","meaning":"period of being young","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geogð","meaning":"youth, youthfulness","children":[{"era":"500 BCE","word":"jugund","meaning":"youth, young people","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['young','youthful','adolescence','juvenile']::text[], '[{"word":"young age","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"adolescence","formality":"formal"},{"word":"juvenility","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:12.356Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a697746c-4cc1-40c7-a49a-1b09177aaaa5', 'youthful', 'Having the qualities of youth; young, fresh, or vigorous.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'geoguð', 'youth', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"youthful","meaning":"having the qualities of youth","children":[{"era":"1200s-1400s","word":"youth + -ful","meaning":"formed from youth plus the adjective-forming suffix -ful","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"youth","meaning":"young age or the state of being young","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"geoguð","meaning":"youth","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['youth','youthfulness','youthfully','youthsome']::text[], '[{"word":"young","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"juvenile","formality":"technical"},{"word":"adolescent","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T21:40:44.070Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0f85c40b-70ba-45e7-acc5-022b0b241109', 'yuan', 'The basic monetary unit of China.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'yuán', 'round object, round coin', 'Mandarin Chinese', '19th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yuan","meaning":"Chinese currency","children":[{"era":"19th century","word":"yuán","meaning":"round object, round coin","children":[{"era":"pre-19th century","word":"(earlier form)","meaning":"referring to round coins","children":[],"language":"Classical Chinese"}],"language":"Mandarin Chinese"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['renminbi','currency','money','cash']::text[], '[{"word":"currency","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"money","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cash","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:15:31.700Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3884209d-f016-4790-8486-7e3052c2395a', 'yuck', 'An exclamation of disgust.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', 'yuck', 'exclamation of disgust', 'English', '1900s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yuck","meaning":"An exclamation of disgust.","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yucky','ick','eww','ugh']::text[], '[{"word":"eww","formality":"informal"},{"word":"ick","formality":"informal"},{"word":"ugh","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:21:54.729Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2ce8eb56-53ae-4827-a83c-b2a2139c6f83', 'yue', 'Yue is the ISO 639-3 code for Cantonese, and in English it can refer to the Cantonese language.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', '粵', 'Cantonese; Yue', 'Chinese', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yue","meaning":"ISO code and name for Cantonese","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"Yue","meaning":"Cantonese; Yue","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"粵 / 粤","meaning":"Cantonese; Yue","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"粵語 / 粤语","meaning":"Cantonese language","children":[],"language":"Chinese"}],"language":"Chinese"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Yue','Yue Chinese','Cantonese','yuè','粤语']::text[], '[{"word":"Cantonese","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Yue Chinese","formality":"technical"},{"word":"Cantonese language","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T19:46:50.304Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('985ee041-fa2b-4f01-96bb-f112fcddf8fc', 'yum', 'An exclamation of pleasure, especially when tasting or anticipating good food.', 'interjection', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, '20th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yum","meaning":"Exclamation of pleasure from food","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yummy','munch','nom']::text[], '[{"word":"delicious","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tasty","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mmmm","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:19:50.049Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('413877e2-ce0c-4cb3-98ea-00d67dd69e9d', 'yummy', 'Delicious or very pleasing to the taste.', 'adjective', NULL, 'other', 'yum', 'interjection of pleasure', 'English', '19th C', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"yummy","meaning":"delicious","children":[{"era":"19th C","word":"yum","meaning":"interjection of pleasure","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yum','yum-yum','scrumptious']::text[], '[{"word":"delicious","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tasty","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"appetizing","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"scrumptious","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:07:34.801Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('08e9d78c-4600-4fbc-b89c-0d5fdc21de99', 'yup', 'An informal affirmative interjection meaning yes.', 'interjection', NULL, 'germanic', 'yes', 'affirmation', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ja-', '{"era":"current","word":"yup","meaning":"yes, affirmation","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"yep","meaning":"informal yes","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"yes","meaning":"affirmation","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"gēse","meaning":"yes, so be it","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*ja-","meaning":"yes, affirmative particle","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"American English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['yes','yep','yeah','aye','yea','affirmative']::text[], '[{"word":"yes","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"yeah","formality":"informal"},{"word":"aye","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"affirmative","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T14:28:22.445Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('925cc2da-6788-4dc6-a1af-afbb9917afe3', 'zack', '(Australian/New Zealand slang) a sixpence coin, or a very small amount.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zack","meaning":"Australian slang for sixpence","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['coin','pittance','trifle']::text[], '[{"word":"coin","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sixpence","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pittance","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trifle","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:15:33.136Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cd528a2d-d172-44dc-ab3c-76345c1b8570', 'zap', 'To strike, destroy, or remove something suddenly, especially with a burst of energy.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zap","meaning":"to strike, destroy, or remove something suddenly","children":[{"era":"1929","word":"zap","meaning":"an imitative ray-gun sound effect","children":[],"language":"comic-strip slang"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zapped','zapping','zapper','zappy']::text[], '[{"word":"hit","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"blast","formality":"informal"},{"word":"strike","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:48:21.933Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ec628301-5034-4fc2-9656-c7fc25aadf92', 'zealand', 'A region or land, particularly referring to the country New Zealand.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Zeeland', 'sea land', 'Dutch', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Zealand","meaning":"land or country, especially New Zealand","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"New Zealand","meaning":"country in the South Pacific","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"Zeeland","meaning":"sea-land, named after the Dutch province","children":[],"language":"Dutch"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['New Zealand','Zealander','Zealand Province']::text[], '[{"word":"Aotearoa","formality":"formal"},{"word":"land","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:15.800Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('733ee9f4-b16a-4e33-a9d5-beb9e681b79f', 'zen', 'A Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'chán', 'meditation', 'Chinese', '6th century', 'dhyāna', '{"era":"current","word":"zen","meaning":"a Japanese school of Buddhism","children":[{"era":null,"word":"zen","meaning":"meditation, absorption","children":[{"era":"6th century","word":"chán","meaning":"meditation, absorption","children":[{"era":null,"word":"dhyāna","meaning":"meditation, contemplation","children":[],"language":"Sanskrit"}],"language":"Chinese"}],"language":"Japanese"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Buddhism','meditation','mindfulness','satori','koan']::text[], '[{"word":"meditation","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mindfulness","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"contemplation","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:13:45.561Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('43d77f30-cd34-45aa-ba2e-abf599081449', 'zero', 'The numerical symbol representing no quantity; the lowest point or absence of something.', 'noun', 'cero', 'other', 'sifr', 'empty', 'Arabic', '800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zero","meaning":"the number 0, nothing, lowest point","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"zero","meaning":"the numerical digit 0","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"zéro","meaning":"the number zero","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"zefiro","meaning":"zero, cipher","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"sifr","meaning":"empty, void","children":[],"language":"Arabic"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cipher','zeroscopium','zeroize','zero-based']::text[], '[{"word":"nothing","formality":"informal"},{"word":"naught","formality":"formal"},{"word":"cipher","formality":"formal"},{"word":"nil","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dac54097-42fb-4be8-9352-2199832ed46d', 'zinc', 'A silvery-white metallic element, atomic number 30.', 'noun', 'zinc', 'germanic', 'Zink', NULL, 'German', '16th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zinc","meaning":"A metallic element","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"Zink","meaning":"zinc","children":[],"language":"German"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['metal','element','metallurgy','galvanize','brass']::text[], '[{"word":"metal","formality":"technical"},{"word":"element","formality":"technical"},{"word":"spelter","formality":"technical"},{"word":"Zn","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:13:25.298Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('896afdac-305f-44b5-811b-02bd34c3ce17', 'zip', 'To fasten or unfasten with a zipper, or to move quickly.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', 'zip', 'sound of speed', 'English', '1870s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zip","meaning":"to fasten or move quickly","children":[{"era":"1870s","word":"zip","meaning":"imitative sound","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zipper','zipping','unzip','zipcode']::text[], '[{"word":"fasten","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dash","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rush","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.726Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5f5a9e56-546a-46a3-9c42-1304c0785c62', 'zipper', 'A fastening device with interlocking teeth that opens and closes with a sliding tab.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'zip', 'an imitative sharp buzzing or zipping sound', 'English', 'late 1800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zipper","meaning":"a fastening device with interlocking teeth and a sliding tab","children":[{"era":"late 1800s","word":"zip","meaning":"to move with a sharp buzzing sound","children":[],"language":"English"},{"era":"Old English","word":"-er","meaning":"agentive noun suffix","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zip','unzipping','zippered','zippy','zip fastener']::text[], '[{"word":"fastener","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"closure","formality":"formal"},{"word":"clasp","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"slide fastener","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T03:34:26.760Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3733dee2-aa74-462b-bf08-5305488f0a1a', 'zodiac', 'A belt of the heavens divided into twelve signs, each associated with a constellation.', 'noun', 'zodíaco', 'greek', 'zōidiakos', 'circle of little animals', 'Greek', '~300 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~300 BC","word":"zōidiakós (ζῳδιακός)","meaning":"Of or pertaining to the little carved figures. From zōidion (small animal, figure), diminutive of zōion (animal).","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"zodiac","meaning":"The belt of twelve astrological signs.","language":"English"},{"era":"1300s","word":"zodíaco","meaning":"Zodiac.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zodiacal','zoo','zoology']::text[], '[{"word":"horoscope","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"star signs","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f497e096-4ebb-4bb4-88a6-547795458f3e', 'zombie', 'A corpse said to be revived by witchcraft, especially in certain African and Caribbean religions.', 'noun', 'zombi', 'other', 'nzambi / zumbi', 'god, spirit of a dead person', 'Kikongo / Kimbundu', '18th century (in English)', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zombie","meaning":"revived corpse","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"zombi","meaning":"revived corpse, spirit","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"nzambi / zumbi","meaning":"god, spirit of a dead person","children":[],"language":"Kikongo / Kimbundu"}],"language":"Haitian Creole"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['ghoul','revenant','undead','voodoo']::text[], '[{"word":"ghoul","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"revenant","formality":"literary"},{"word":"undead","formality":"technical"},{"word":"corpse","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:07:39.360Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c7ac8ed9-a96d-46bc-a1ce-60ac4dccbc37', 'zone', 'An area or region distinguished by particular characteristics or for a specific purpose.', 'noun', 'zona', 'greek', 'zonē', 'girdle or belt', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zone","meaning":"a distinctive area or region","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"zone","meaning":"a belt or area","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"zonē","meaning":"girdle, belt, or stripe","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zonal','zoning','zones','zoned','timezone']::text[], '[{"word":"area","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"region","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"belt","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"district","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('596bbb82-ca10-46b3-9389-3f16bec9e9ca', 'zoo', 'An establishment that keeps and displays wild animals for public viewing.', 'noun', 'zoológico', 'greek', 'zōion', 'a living being, animal', 'Greek', '~400 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~400 BC","word":"zôion (ζῷον)","meaning":"A living being, animal. From zōē (life). Shortened from zoological garden.","children":[{"era":"1847","word":"zoo","meaning":"A place where animals are kept for display.","language":"English"},{"era":"1800s","word":"zoológico","meaning":"Zoo, zoological.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zoology','zodiac','protozoa']::text[], '[{"word":"menagerie","formality":"formal"},{"word":"animal park","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2c688b9b-4dfb-4520-9f41-e854e6d4e514', 'zoom', 'To move or travel quickly with a loud sound, or to enlarge or reduce an image on a screen.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', NULL, 'imitative origin', 'English', '1900s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"zoom","meaning":"move quickly or magnify","children":[{"era":"1900s","word":"zoom","meaning":"to move rapidly with humming sound","children":[{"era":"1900s","word":"zoom","meaning":"onomatopoetic origin","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zooming','zoom in','zoom out','zoomed']::text[], '[{"word":"rush","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"speed","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"magnify","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:43.962Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9de3eb68-223b-40eb-a9a9-889d25a33e38', 'zum', 'A German preposition meaning ''to'' or ''for'', used in English primarily in German loanphrases.', 'preposition', NULL, 'germanic', 'zu', 'to, toward', 'Old High German', 'pre-1100', '*to', '{"era":"various","word":"zum","meaning":"to, for (German preposition)","children":[{"era":"current","word":"zum","meaning":"to, for","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"zu","meaning":"to, toward","children":[],"language":"Old High German"}],"language":"German"}],"language":"Modern English (borrowed)"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['zu','zumindest','zuwider']::text[], '[{"word":"to","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"for","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:48.429Z');
