INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7e177c64-0435-4c0f-8662-300a908a0208', 'brother', 'A man or boy in relation to other children of his parents.', 'noun', 'hermano', 'germanic', 'brōþor', 'brother', 'Old English', '800s', '*bhrater-', '{"era":"4000 BCE","word":"*bhrater-","meaning":"Brother.","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"brōþor","meaning":"Brother.","children":[{"era":"1000s","word":"brother","meaning":"Male sibling.","language":"English"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"200s BCE","word":"frater","meaning":"Brother.","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"fraternal","meaning":"Of or like a brother.","language":"English"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['fraternal','brotherhood','brethren']::text[], '[{"word":"sibling","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bro","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T22:38:47.968Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bc59a63e-c28d-4bee-869d-88940794da4c', 'brotherhood', 'The relationship between brothers, or a feeling of kinship and solidarity among people.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'broþor', 'brother', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*bhrā́tēr', '{"era":"current","word":"brotherhood","meaning":"relationship of brothers/kinship","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brōþorhād","meaning":"fraternity","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brōþor","meaning":"brother","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*broþor","meaning":"brother","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"*bhrā́tēr","meaning":"brother","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brother','brethren','sisterhood','kinship','fraternity']::text[], '[{"word":"fraternity","formality":"formal"},{"word":"kinship","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"solidarity","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"camaraderie","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:15:31.700Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b138c165-f363-4504-a755-97e689efd5ff', 'brought', 'Past tense of bring; caused to come or be taken to a place.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'bringan', 'to bring, carry', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bhrenk-', '{"era":"current","word":"brought","meaning":"past tense of bring","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"broughte","meaning":"past tense of bring","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bringan","meaning":"to bring, carry","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bring','brings','bringing','bringer']::text[], '[{"word":"carried","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"conveyed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"transported","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:16.556Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('35175fa3-7c57-469b-8311-f2d750ac434c', 'brow', 'The ridge above the eye or the forehead, and by extension a person''s expression or stance.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'brūwō', 'eyebrow', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*bʰruH-', '{"era":"current","word":"brow","meaning":"the ridge above the eye or forehead","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brū / brūw","meaning":"eyebrow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brūwō","meaning":"eyebrow","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['eyebrow','browbeat','browed','browless']::text[], '[{"word":"eyebrow","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"forehead","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ridge","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T00:46:05.821Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9c57466c-42af-43ec-825b-5a616ec9d6ff', 'brown', 'A dark color between red and black, produced by mixing red, black, and yellow light.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'brun', 'dark, shining', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bher-', '{"era":"current","word":"brown","meaning":"dark reddish color","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"brown","meaning":"dark color","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brun","meaning":"dark, shining, burnished","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brownish','brownie','browning','brown-out']::text[], '[{"word":"tan","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"chestnut","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"chocolate","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rust","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.412Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('21e103ea-285a-43b0-b2df-cf40a4aef2cf', 'brownie', 'Brownie is a small rich chocolate cake or bar, and in folklore a helpful household spirit.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Proto-Germanic *brūnaz', 'brown, dark-colored', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"brownie","meaning":"a brown-colored thing, a small chocolate cake, or a household sprite in folklore","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"brown","meaning":"brown, dark-colored","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Proto-Germanic *brūnaz","meaning":"brown, dark-colored","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"-ie","meaning":"diminutive suffix","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brown','brownish','browned','browning','brownness']::text[], '[{"word":"cake","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"confection","formality":"formal"},{"word":"treat","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:41:00.006Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6067086e-adc1-4317-8dab-6823cb922a01', 'browse', 'To look through or survey something casually, or to graze.', 'verb', NULL, 'french', 'brout', 'young shoots, sprouts', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"browse","meaning":"to look through casually or graze","children":[{"era":"1300s-1400s","word":"brouse","meaning":"to eat shoots and leaves","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"brout","meaning":"young shoots, sprouts","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['browser','browsing','browsable']::text[], '[{"word":"scan","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"skim","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"peruse","formality":"formal"},{"word":"graze","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:07.204Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('75dc5321-de85-4d6d-997e-73e82e6d5190', 'browser', 'A software application used to access and view content on the World Wide Web.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'browse', 'to feed on shoots and leaves', 'English', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"1990s","word":"browser","meaning":"web application for viewing internet content","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"browse","meaning":"to look through casually","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"brouse","meaning":"to eat the shoots of plants","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"broust","meaning":"shoots, sprouts","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['browse','browsing','browsable']::text[], '[{"word":"navigator","formality":"technical"},{"word":"viewer","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.190Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('42fda406-1e7a-49f1-9f49-677d2ae6034b', 'bruise', 'An injury appearing as an area of discolored skin on the body, caused by a blow or impact.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'bruisier', 'to break, smash', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bruise","meaning":"skin discoloration from impact","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"bruse","meaning":"bruise","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bruisier","meaning":"to break, smash","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['contusion','crush','braise']::text[], '[{"word":"contusion","formality":"medical"},{"word":"mark","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"discoloration","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:20:50.894Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b406fedc-e7b4-41cb-9406-c41b8dd4b143', 'brunch', 'A meal eaten late in the morning that combines breakfast and lunch.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"brunch","meaning":"a meal combining breakfast and lunch","children":[{"era":"pre-1100 / 1200s","word":"breakfast","meaning":"the first meal of the day","children":[],"language":"Old English / Middle English"},{"era":"1700s","word":"lunch","meaning":"a midday meal","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brunching','brunched','bruncher','brunches']::text[], '[{"word":"late breakfast","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"midmorning meal","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"breakfast-lunch","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-09T22:54:37.766Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d57906a4-46ed-48cb-b38f-bd371f554754', 'brutal', 'Savagely violent or cruel.', 'adjective', 'brutal', 'latin', 'brutus', 'dull, stupid, insensitive', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"brutal","meaning":"Savagely violent or cruel","children":[{"era":"15th century","word":"brutal","meaning":"brutal","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"brutalis","meaning":"of or belonging to a brute","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"brutus","meaning":"dull, stupid, insensitive","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brute','brutality','brutish','brutalize','brutally']::text[], '[{"word":"cruel","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"savage","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ruthless","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ferocious","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:13:25.298Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f3e6343f-effc-4d16-8b9c-9e18f27b7489', 'brutality', 'Brutality is cruel, violent, or shockingly harsh behavior or treatment.', 'noun', 'brutalidad', 'latin', 'brūtus', 'heavy, dull, stupid; by extension, senseless or brutal', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"brutality","meaning":"the quality of being cruel or violently harsh","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"brutality","meaning":"state or quality of being brutal","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"brutal","meaning":"cruel, savage, beastlike","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"brūtālis","meaning":"of a beast; coarse, cruel","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"brūtus","meaning":"heavy, dull, stupid","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French/English formation"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brutal','brute','brutish','brutify','brutalize']::text[], '[{"word":"cruelty","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"savagery","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"harshness","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:25:09.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c679ab49-44da-40a4-90ba-ad2252d3595b', 'brute', 'A savagely violent person or animal.', 'noun', 'bruto', 'latin', 'brutus', 'stupid, dull, insensible, irrational', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"brute","meaning":"A savagely violent person or animal.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"brute","meaning":"beast, wild animal, irrational","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"brutus","meaning":"stupid, dull, insensible, irrational","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brutal','brutality','brutish','brutalize']::text[], '[{"word":"beast","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"savage","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"monster","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:06:06.693Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ed0dbe26-4218-4a98-8bb7-526fdfbf568b', 'bubble', 'A thin sphere of liquid enclosing air or another gas.', 'noun', 'burbuja', 'germanic', 'bobbel', 'blister, bubble', 'Middle Dutch', '14th century', '*bhel-', '{"era":"current","word":"bubble","meaning":"A thin sphere of liquid enclosing air or another gas.","children":[{"era":"14th century","word":"bobel","meaning":"bubble, blister","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"bobbel","meaning":"bubble, blister","children":[],"language":"Middle Dutch"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['boil','bulb','bellow']::text[], '[{"word":"foam","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"froth","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"globule","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:19:15.147Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b320024f-2685-4634-b8fb-23fce345b45a', 'buck', 'A male deer, hare, or goat; also, a colloquial term for a dollar.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bucc, bukkr', 'male goat, male deer', 'Old English, Old Norse', 'pre-1100', '*bukkō', '{"era":"current","word":"buck","meaning":"male deer; dollar","children":[{"era":"12th C","word":"buc","meaning":"male deer","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bucc","meaning":"male deer or goat","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bukkr","meaning":"male goat","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buckskin','buckshot','ram','stag','bounce']::text[], '[{"word":"stag","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"male deer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dollar","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:05:49.196Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2c2ad8bc-c2a0-4ac8-95a8-a5bf3f9aaf67', 'bud', 'A small protuberance on a plant that develops into a leaf, flower, or shoot; informally, a close friend or companion.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'budde', 'bud, sprout', 'Middle English', '1300s', '*bud-', '{"era":"current","word":"bud","meaning":"plant bud; informal term of address for a friend","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"budde","meaning":"bud, knob, sprout","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*buddōn","meaning":"to swell, to sprout","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"*bud-","meaning":"to swell","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European (proposed)"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic (proposed)"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buddy','budding','bud','abud','buddies']::text[], '[{"word":"sprout","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shoot","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pal","formality":"informal"},{"word":"chum","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T14:28:22.445Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('45493540-6d2c-4509-b5f6-e713ab874699', 'buddy', 'A close friend or companion.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'brother', 'male sibling', 'English', '19th century', '*bʰreh₂tēr', '{"era":"current","word":"buddy","meaning":"A close friend or companion.","children":[{"era":"19th century","word":"brother","meaning":"male sibling","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"broþor","meaning":"brother","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*bʰreh₂tēr","meaning":"brother","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brother','pal','chum','mate']::text[], '[{"word":"friend","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pal","formality":"informal"},{"word":"companion","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T20:02:38.867Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f3b9a9d5-85ba-445e-98e2-fff16c0995d2', 'budget', 'An estimate of income and expenditure for a period.', 'noun', 'presupuesto', 'french', 'bougette', 'small leather bag', 'Old French', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"bulga","meaning":"Leather bag, knapsack.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"bougette","meaning":"Small leather bag, purse.","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"budget","meaning":"A financial plan.","language":"English"},{"era":"1400s","word":"presupuesto","meaning":"Budget.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['budgetary','budgeting']::text[], '[{"word":"allocation","formality":"formal"},{"word":"financial plan","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('69f4f1ea-4e07-4e25-9812-3f2332591bf2', 'buff', 'Buff can refer to a yellowish-brown color or, informally, a fan or enthusiast.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'buffle', 'buffalo', 'Old French', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buff","meaning":"yellowish-brown color or enthusiast","children":[{"era":"14th century","word":"buff","meaning":"buffalo hide","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"buffre","meaning":"buffalo","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"boubalos","meaning":"buffalo","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buffalo','buffoon','buffer','buffing']::text[], '[{"word":"fan","formality":"informal"},{"word":"enthusiast","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"expert","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T11:02:57.210Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7f5635a4-bff9-4646-b750-5db02fa2a5d1', 'buffalo', 'A large bovid with a heavy build and typically large, curved horns.', 'noun', 'búfalo', 'greek', 'boubalos', 'buffalo', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buffalo","meaning":"large bovid","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"bufle","meaning":"buffalo","children":[{"era":"post-classical","word":"bufalus","meaning":"buffalo","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"boubalos","meaning":"buffalo","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bison','bovine','bubalus','water buffalo']::text[], '[{"word":"bison","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wild ox","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T06:02:47.732Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bb4670dc-c2ad-40cc-bede-14eac913e7f9', 'buffet', 'A meal consisting of several dishes from which guests serve themselves.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'buffet', 'side table, sideboard', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buffet","meaning":"A meal consisting of several dishes from which guests serve themselves.","children":[{"era":"17th century","word":"buffet","meaning":"sideboard, counter, light meal","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"buffet","meaning":"stool, side table","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*buff-","meaning":"strike, push (possibly related to striking a counter)","children":[],"language":"unattested Germanic/Frankish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['sideboard','counter','bar','cafeteria']::text[], '[{"word":"smorgasbord","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"spread","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"feast","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:11:34.071Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e04522a8-f9ba-4469-883c-64c7c73e2ff8', 'buffy', 'Having a dull yellowish-brown color.', 'adjective', NULL, 'french', 'buff', 'color of uncolored buffalo leather', 'English (derived from French)', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buffy","meaning":"dull yellowish-brown","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"buff","meaning":"a yellowish-brown color","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"buff","meaning":"buffalo skin, the color of it","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"buffle","meaning":"buffalo","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buff','buffalo','beef','bovine']::text[], '[{"word":"tan","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fawn","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"beige","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:13:18.470Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('65071734-873d-489e-b745-afa376559f54', 'bug', 'An insect, or a fault or defect in a system or software.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bugge', 'phantom, goblin, beetle', 'Middle English', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bug","meaning":"insect or system defect","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"bugge","meaning":"phantom, goblin, beetle","children":[{"era":"pre-1200","word":"bugge","meaning":"bogey, phantom","children":[],"language":"Old English/Welsh"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buggy','bugging','bugged','bugs','debug']::text[], '[{"word":"insect","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"defect","formality":"technical"},{"word":"glitch","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:16.556Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6f0fc434-5c7b-41eb-8691-c69ff5999b62', 'bugger', 'To bother or annoy someone, or as a vulgar term of abuse.', 'verb', NULL, 'french', 'bougre', 'heretic', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bugger","meaning":"to bother or as an insult","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bougre","meaning":"heretic","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"Bulgarus","meaning":"a Bulgarian (associated with heresy)","children":[],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Bulgarian','bougie']::text[], '[{"word":"bother","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"annoy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"damn","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:07:14.918Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fcdf168a-018b-46ab-b5df-29f983728808', 'bugle', 'A brass wind instrument, originally a horn, used for signaling.', 'noun', NULL, 'latin', 'būculus', 'young ox; calf', 'Latin', 'classical', '*gʷṓws', '{"era":"current","word":"bugle","meaning":"a brass wind instrument used for signaling","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bugle","meaning":"a horn or bugle-horn","children":[{"era":"900s","word":"būculus","meaning":"young ox; calf","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"bos","meaning":"cow; ox","children":[{"era":"pre-4000 BCE","word":"*gʷṓws","meaning":"cow; ox","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bugler','buglehorn','bugling','bugle-call']::text[], '[{"word":"horn","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trumpet","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"signal horn","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T06:22:35.261Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1f4167a3-533e-42d1-8e32-a7e003226bb6', 'build', 'To construct something by putting parts together; to develop', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'byldan', 'to build, construct', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*budlą', '{"era":"1200s","word":"build","meaning":"to construct; to develop","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byldan","meaning":"to build, construct a dwelling","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*budlą","meaning":"building, dwelling","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['built','builder','building','rebuild','bodybuilder']::text[], '[{"word":"construct","formality":"formal"},{"word":"erect","formality":"formal"},{"word":"assemble","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:54:10.509Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('45c21a9a-00da-47b6-a47f-afafd6b69aa2', 'builder', 'A person whose job is to construct or repair buildings.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'byldan', 'to build', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bʰuH-', '{"era":"current","word":"builder","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"build","meaning":"to build","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byldan","meaning":"to build, erect a dwelling","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['build','building','rebuild','built']::text[], '[{"word":"constructor","formality":"technical"},{"word":"craftsman","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"developer","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:03:25.114Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7c5e52b4-d364-4279-9fe1-c80027bf4a4b', 'building', 'A structure with walls and a roof, or the act of constructing something.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'byldan', 'to build, construct', 'Old English', '800s-1100s', '*bhūel-', '{"era":"current","word":"building","meaning":"a structure with walls and roof","children":[{"era":"1200s-1400s","word":"building","meaning":"a building, structure","children":[{"era":"800s-1100s","word":"bildan","meaning":"to build, construct","children":[{"era":"pre-3000 BCE","word":"*bhūel-","meaning":"to swell, grow","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['build','builder','built','rebuild']::text[], '[{"word":"structure","formality":"formal"},{"word":"edifice","formality":"formal"},{"word":"construction","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"property","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:07.204Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('310ee02a-2f15-49f0-9da2-e885c6c9bd0f', 'buildings', 'Structures with walls and a roof, or the plural of the process of constructing something.', 'noun', 'edificios', 'germanic', 'build', 'to construct', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buildings","meaning":"structures, plural of building","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"building","meaning":"structure or act of constructing","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"build","meaning":"to construct, erect","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['build','builder','building','built']::text[], '[{"word":"structures","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"edifices","formality":"formal"},{"word":"constructions","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:47.185Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('89508f1f-80f3-4c37-b427-95ffeea26ce0', 'built', 'Constructed or assembled; past tense of build.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'byldan', 'to build, construct', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"built","meaning":"constructed, assembled","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"build","meaning":"to construct, make","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byldan","meaning":"to build, construct","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['build','builder','building','builds']::text[], '[{"word":"constructed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"assembled","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fabricated","formality":"formal"},{"word":"erected","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:56.274Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c91ed64c-0589-4e99-bd92-a7d31f6665da', 'bulb', 'A rounded underground storage organ of a plant, such as an onion or lily, consisting of a short stem surrounded by fleshy leaves.', 'noun', 'bulbo', 'latin', 'bulbus', 'onion, bulb', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bulb","meaning":"A rounded underground storage organ of a plant.","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"bulbe","meaning":"bulb","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"bulbus","meaning":"onion, bulb","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bulbar','bulbotuber','bulbous','bubble']::text[], '[{"word":"corm","formality":"technical"},{"word":"tuber","formality":"technical"},{"word":"globe","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:11:34.071Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0ef945ef-7cf7-4cb5-b6ac-1699ba698134', 'bulgarian', 'Relating to Bulgaria, its people, or its language.', 'adjective', 'búlgaro', 'other', 'Bulgar', '(possibly) mixed people', 'Turkic', '7th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Bulgarian","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"Bulgar","meaning":"Bulgarian","children":[{"era":"7th century","word":"Boulgaros","meaning":"Bulgar","children":[{"era":"pre-7th century","word":"*Bulgar","meaning":"(possibly) mixed people","children":[],"language":"Proto-Turkic"}],"language":"Medieval Greek"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Bulgaria','búlgaro','Bulgar']::text[], '[{"word":"Balkan","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Eastern European","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:15:38.460Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('08d37660-158f-4897-baea-9a47ce7afbd0', 'bulk', 'The main part of something; the largest part or most of something.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'bulki', 'cargo, heap', 'Old Norse', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bulk","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bulki","meaning":"a heap, a cargo","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bolster','bilge','belly']::text[], '[{"word":"mass","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"volume","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"size","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T05:02:47.594Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7ac7feb4-7500-4acf-8cec-9809c3fecdc5', 'bull', 'An adult male bovine animal; also used broadly for the uncastrated male of various large mammals.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bula', 'bull, steer', 'Old Norse / Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bul-', '{"era":"current","word":"bull","meaning":"adult male bovine","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bul / bule","meaning":"bull","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bula","meaning":"bull","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*bulaz","meaning":"bull, swelling (possibly related to *bel- to roar/swell)","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bullock','bulletin','bullet','bully','bulldoze','bovine']::text[], '[{"word":"steer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ox","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bovine","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T13:49:28.699Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c5a2f746-fd3f-4791-ae23-89dcbc4b3d88', 'bullet', 'A small metal projectile fired from a handgun, rifle, or other firearm.', 'noun', 'bala', 'french', 'boulette', 'small ball', 'Old French', '1400s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bullet","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"boulette","meaning":"small ball, diminutive of boule ''ball''","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"boule","meaning":"ball","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*balla","meaning":"ball","children":[],"language":"Vulgar Latin (from Germanic)"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['ball','balloon','bowl','boule']::text[], '[{"word":"projectile","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shot","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pellet","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:07:51.515Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b565c1c1-60b9-447c-b5f3-9ea662b356e4', 'bulletin', 'A short official statement or summary of news.', 'noun', 'boletín', 'latin', 'bulla', 'a round, swelling object; a sealed document', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bulletin","meaning":"A short official statement or summary of news.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"bulletin","meaning":"a small document","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"bollettino","meaning":"a small document, dispatch","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"bulla","meaning":"a bubble, sealed document","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bull','bullet','boil','ebullient']::text[], '[{"word":"report","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dispatch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"communiqué","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T23:04:58.923Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2f9db79f-73b3-4347-b8cd-643e392ae70d', 'bullock', 'A young bull or a castrated bull used as a draft animal.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', '*bulluk', 'young bull', 'Proto-West Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bullock","meaning":"a young or castrated bull","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"bullok","meaning":"bullock","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bulluc","meaning":"young bull","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*bulluk","meaning":"young bull","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bull + -ock","meaning":"bull + diminutive suffix","children":[],"language":"Proto-West Germanic"}],"language":"Proto-West Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bullocks','bullock-cart','bullock cart','bullocklike','bullock poison']::text[], '[{"word":"ox","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"steer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bull","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:21:39.135Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fe885dd1-c0c4-44fd-91e5-3bfb51884952', 'bullshit', 'Nonsense or false talk intended to impress or deceive.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bula + scitan', 'male bovine + to defecate', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bhelH- + *skei-', '{"era":"current","word":"bullshit","meaning":"nonsense, deceptive talk","children":[{"era":"early 1900s","word":"bull + shit","meaning":"compound slang for worthless talk","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bull","meaning":"male bovine","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bole / bula","meaning":"bull","children":[],"language":"Old English / Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"shit","meaning":"feces","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"scitan","meaning":"to defecate","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bull','bullshitter','BS','hogwash','balderdash']::text[], '[{"word":"nonsense","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"balderdash","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"hogwash","formality":"informal"},{"word":"drivel","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T03:10:41.403Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6fbb5982-de12-4677-aff5-58bedf027240', 'bully', 'A person who uses strength or influence to harm or intimidate those who are weaker.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'boel', 'lover, then pimp, then thug', 'Middle Dutch', '1500s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bully","meaning":"intimidating person","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"bully","meaning":"hired ruffian","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"boel","meaning":"lover, then pimp, then thug","children":[],"language":"Dutch"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['boel','beloved','bond']::text[], '[{"word":"intimidator","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tormentor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"oppressor","formality":"formal"},{"word":"ruffian","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:13:43.928Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('407c352f-0902-4ac5-b5f7-2332fccd3a89', 'bum', 'A vagrant; a homeless person.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bummeln', 'to stroll idly, loaf', 'German', '1800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bum","meaning":"a vagrant","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"bummeln","meaning":"to stroll idly, loaf","children":[],"language":"German"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bumble','lazy','vagrant']::text[], '[{"word":"tramp","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hobo","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vagabond","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:13:16.978Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('67a494b3-2165-462d-bde5-eae8a0bacaa5', 'bummer', 'An unpleasant or disappointing experience or situation.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bum', 'wanderer, idler; to loaf', 'English (slang), likely from German', '19th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bummer","meaning":"unpleasant experience","children":[{"era":"19th century","word":"bum","meaning":"loafer, idler","children":[],"language":"American English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bum','bumming','bumptious','bumble']::text[], '[{"word":"disappointment","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"downer","formality":"informal"},{"word":"letdown","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"misfortune","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:17:30.692Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6233d425-0432-47eb-ba48-a4e110880537', 'bump', 'To strike or collide with something, often lightly.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'bump', 'sound of striking', 'English/Germanic (imitative)', '16th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bump","meaning":"To strike or collide","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bumpy','bumper','bumping']::text[], '[{"word":"hit","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"knock","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"jolt","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:19:49.672Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dad8378d-dda5-4abe-96e0-d49776ea26ab', 'bumpy', 'Rough or covered with bumps, or causing jolts and irregular movement.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'bump', 'a thump, blow, or raised swelling', 'North Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bumpy","meaning":"rough or covered with bumps; causing jolts and irregular movement","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"bump","meaning":"a shock, blow, or raised swelling","children":[{"era":"older","word":"Danish bump","meaning":"a thump","children":[],"language":"Danish"}],"language":"Early Modern English"},{"era":"Middle English","word":"-y","meaning":"adjective-forming suffix","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bump','bumpiness','bumpily','bumpier','bumpiest']::text[], '[{"word":"rough","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"uneven","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"lumpy","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T02:42:12.880Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ee019365-459c-4ac1-a47f-bacac77d1923', 'bun', 'A small, often sweet, bread roll, or a hairstyle in which hair is gathered into a compact coil.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'bugne', 'a swelling, a bump', 'Old French', '14th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bun","meaning":"Small bread roll or coiled hair","children":[{"era":"14th century","word":"bugne","meaning":"a swelling, a bump","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bunion','bunch','bumpkin']::text[], '[{"word":"roll","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"knot","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"coil","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:19:50.049Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('097704c3-3b82-4983-bd22-566971507c41', 'bunch', 'A group of things of the same kind fastened, growing, or held together.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bonche', 'bundle, cluster', 'Middle English / Low German', '1300s', '*bung-', '{"era":"current","word":"bunch","meaning":"a cluster or group of things","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"bonche","meaning":"bundle, protuberance","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"bunke / bonke","meaning":"heap, pile","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*bung-","meaning":"to swell, to protrude","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Middle Low German / Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bunchy','bunched','bundle','bunk']::text[], '[{"word":"cluster","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"group","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"collection","formality":"formal"},{"word":"batch","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T03:10:41.403Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b5f55aac-fdf8-48e7-b413-bd1b11e07637', 'bundle', 'A collection of things or quantity of material tied or wrapped together.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bundel', 'bundle, tied mass', 'Middle Dutch', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bundle","meaning":"collection tied together","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"bundle","meaning":"package","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bundel","meaning":"bundle","children":[],"language":"Middle Dutch"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bind','band','bond','bandage']::text[], '[{"word":"package","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bunch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sheaf","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:07:51.515Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b5c0335c-e184-42c1-b95f-6ff0bbb8f8f5', 'bungalow', 'A low one-story house, often with a wide porch.', 'noun', 'bungaló', 'other', 'baṅglā', 'in the Bengali style', 'Hindi', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"1600s","word":"baṅglā","meaning":"House in the Bengali style.","children":[{"era":"1670s","word":"bungalow","meaning":"One-story thatched house.","language":"English"},{"era":"1900s","word":"bungaló","meaning":"Bungalow.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Hindi"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Bengal']::text[], '[{"word":"cottage","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cabin","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('224f05b7-6599-4149-b213-c4b3a2300858', 'bunk', 'A narrow bed, typically one of two or more arranged one above another.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bunke', 'bunch, heap', 'Low German', '1600s', '*bʰengʰ-', '{"era":"current","word":"bunk","meaning":"narrow bed","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"bunke","meaning":"bunch, heap","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*bankiz","meaning":"bench","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Low German"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bank','bench','banquet','counter']::text[], '[{"word":"cot","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bed","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"berth","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:05:55.823Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('072ab76b-f872-4009-97cf-a44060b98ffc', 'bunker', 'A reinforced underground shelter, typically for use in wartime.', 'noun', 'búnker', 'germanic', 'bonkar', 'chest, cupboard, compartment', 'Scots', '1700s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bunker","meaning":"Reinforced shelter","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"bonkar","meaning":"chest, cupboard","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"bank","meaning":"bench","children":[],"language":"Low German"}],"language":"Scots"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bank','bench','bunk']::text[], '[{"word":"shelter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dugout","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"stronghold","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fortification","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:20:50.894Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('071421ab-807b-4b9f-95c9-1fe97a7d36c5', 'burden', 'A heavy load, especially one that is to be carried or is causing hardship.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'byrðen', 'load, weight', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bher-', '{"era":"current","word":"burden","meaning":"A heavy load or hardship.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"burthen","meaning":"load","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byrðen","meaning":"load, weight","children":[{"era":"early CE","word":"*burthinaz","meaning":"load","children":[{"era":"5000-3000 BCE","word":"*bher-","meaning":"to carry","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['burdensome','unburden','overburden','burdening','bear']::text[], '[{"word":"load","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"weight","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"encumbrance","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:06:00.529Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9e931eec-2b44-4069-aae2-5a182b64b018', 'bureau', 'An office or department for a specific purpose.', 'noun', 'buró', 'french', 'burel', 'coarse woolen cloth', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"~300 AD","word":"burra","meaning":"Coarse wool, shaggy garment.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"burel","meaning":"Coarse cloth, then desk covered in cloth.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"bureau","meaning":"Office, desk, department.","language":"English"},{"era":"1600s","word":"buró","meaning":"Bureau, desk.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bureaucracy','bureaucrat','bureaucratic']::text[], '[{"word":"office","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"department","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('30d5c595-3661-444f-8aa8-040f92910ac2', 'bureaucracy', 'A system of government or management with many complicated rules and procedures.', 'noun', 'burocracia', 'greek', 'bureau + kratos', 'desk rule', 'Greek', '~400 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~400 BC","word":"bureau (French) + -kratía (-κρατία)","meaning":"Rule by the office desk. From French bureau (desk) + Greek kratos (power, rule).","children":[{"era":"1818","word":"bureaucracy","meaning":"Government by many officials.","language":"English"},{"era":"1800s","word":"burocracia","meaning":"Bureaucracy.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bureaucrat','bureaucratic','democracy']::text[], '[{"word":"administration","formality":"formal"},{"word":"officialdom","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"red tape","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b9eae7d6-910c-45f7-b2cb-0a8bc705098e', 'burger', 'A shortened form of hamburger, referring to a patty of ground meat, typically beef, served in a bun.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Hamburger', 'from Hamburg (city in Germany)', 'German', '1880s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"burger","meaning":"meat patty in a bun","children":[{"era":"late 1800s","word":"hamburger","meaning":"sandwich with a patty from Hamburg-style steak","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"Hamburger","meaning":"from Hamburg","children":[],"language":"German"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['hamburger','cheeseburger','patty','sandwich']::text[], '[{"word":"sandwich","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"patty","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"meatball","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:19:49.672Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('36c3a292-cdfc-4e8d-ba3b-0a4b2dd5a683', 'burglar', 'A person who illegally enters a building with intent to commit a crime, especially theft.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'burgler', 'to break into a fortified place', 'Anglo-Norman French', '13th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"burglar","meaning":"housebreaker","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"burgler","meaning":"burglar","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"burgier","meaning":"to break into a fortified place","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"burg","meaning":"fortified town","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*bhergh-","meaning":"fort, hill, mound","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-Norman French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['borough','burg','bourgeois','iceberg']::text[], '[{"word":"housebreaker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"thief","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"robber","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:23:30.372Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('63bb6be8-936a-42c2-b150-749e39c09c83', 'burglary', 'Illegal entry into a building with intent to commit a crime, especially theft.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'burg-', 'fortress, castle, fortified town', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-500 CE', '*bʰerǵʰ-', '{"era":"1530s","word":"burglary","meaning":"housebreaking, theft","children":[{"era":"c. 1200","word":"burglar","meaning":"housebreaker","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"burg","meaning":"fortified town","children":[{"era":"pre-500 CE","word":"*burgz","meaning":"fort, castle","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-Norman French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['burg','borough','fortress','burgher','Edinburgh']::text[], '[{"word":"break-in","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"robbery","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"housebreaking","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:09:42.500Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1030f606-d2c8-48a3-bf8b-d0608cbe3fe0', 'burgundy', 'A dark red wine from Burgundy, and by extension the deep red color associated with it.', 'noun', 'borgoña', 'french', 'Burgundia', 'land of the Burgundians', 'Latin', 'late antiquity', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"burgundy","meaning":"a dark red wine or the deep red color named for it","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"Bourgogne / Burgundy","meaning":"the Burgundy region of France","children":[{"era":"late antiquity","word":"Burgundia","meaning":"land of the Burgundians","children":[{"era":"late antiquity","word":"Burgundians","meaning":"a Germanic people","children":[],"language":"Germanic ethnonym"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Burgundian','Bourgogne','borgoña','Burgundy wine']::text[], '[{"word":"maroon","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"claret","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wine-red","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:41:00.006Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4ae5e32b-2c25-47d5-aff3-32f232074118', 'burial', 'The act or ceremony of burying a dead body.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'byrgan', 'to hide, to bury', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bhergh-', '{"era":"current","word":"burial","meaning":"The act or ceremony of burying a dead body.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"burial","meaning":"the act of burying","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byrgels","meaning":"tomb, sepulcher","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byrgan","meaning":"to bury, to hide","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*bhergh-","meaning":"to hide, protect","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bury','barrow','burgh','borough','berg']::text[], '[{"word":"interment","formality":"formal"},{"word":"inhumation","formality":"technical"},{"word":"funeral","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:09:05.406Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('519c77eb-00ec-4d6e-8f12-4519e0ebc499', 'burke', 'To silently suppress or ignore; to murder someone by suffocation so as to leave the body unmarked.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', 'Burke', 'from William Burke, an Irish murderer', 'English', '1800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"burke","meaning":"to suppress or murder","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"Burke","meaning":"proper name of murderer","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['suffocate','murder','stifle','suppress']::text[], '[{"word":"stifle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"suppress","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"smother","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:13:25.298Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9232c8e6-bd09-4d46-97f4-05b2b42db683', 'burn', 'To consume or damage with fire or heat.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'brennan', 'to burn, set on fire', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bhreu-', '{"era":"current","word":"burn","meaning":"to be consumed by fire","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brennan","meaning":"to burn","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*brennana","meaning":"to burn","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*bhreu-","meaning":"to boil, bubble, effervesce, burn","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['brand','brunt','brimstone','brew','burnt']::text[], '[{"word":"scorch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"char","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ignite","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"incinerate","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T14:03:04.948Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9ece0617-01b2-4e5d-9b63-9a95f8198efe', 'burner', 'A device that produces a flame or heat, especially as part of a stove, lamp, or heater.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'brennan', 'to burn', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"burner","meaning":"device that burns","children":[{"era":"current","word":"burn","meaning":"to be on fire","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"brennan","meaning":"to burn","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"-er","meaning":"agent suffix","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['burn','burning','brand','burnt']::text[], '[{"word":"element","formality":"technical"},{"word":"heater","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hob","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:17:19.002Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('485fc5f9-79d8-4861-b012-1767dc5fce05', 'burrow', 'A hole or tunnel in the ground made by an animal for shelter or refuge.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'burh / burgh', 'fortified place, stronghold', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bhergh-', '{"era":"current","word":"burrow","meaning":"an animal''s underground hole or tunnel","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Old English burgh","meaning":"stronghold, fortress","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Proto-Germanic *burgz","meaning":"fortified place","children":[{"era":"prehistoric","word":"PIE *bhergh-","meaning":"high, hill, fortified place","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['borough','burgh','burgher','burrowing','burrowed']::text[], '[{"word":"hole","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"den","formality":"literary"},{"word":"tunnel","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T19:27:36.634Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3439c601-f891-4c84-a767-d745fbe495a9', 'burst', 'Break suddenly and violently apart, scattering contents, or to suddenly begin to do something.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'berstan', 'to break, shatter, split', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bʰres-', '{"era":"current","word":"burst","meaning":"Break suddenly and violently apart, scattering contents, or to suddenly begin to do something.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"berstan","meaning":"to break, shatter, split","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*brestaną","meaning":"to burst","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['blast','bruise','breakdown','brittle']::text[], '[{"word":"explode","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rupture","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shatter","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:09:15.419Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a912453f-a07c-4c46-ab63-01946c34b7ab', 'bury', 'To place a dead body in the earth or a tomb.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'byrgan', 'to raise a mound, to hide', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bherg-', '{"era":"Old English","word":"bury","meaning":"to inter a body","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"byrgan","meaning":"to raise a mound, to hide, to bury","children":[{"era":"early Germanic","word":"*bherg-","meaning":"to conceal, to protect","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['barrow','burrow','burial','interment','grave','sepulchre']::text[], '[{"word":"inter","formality":"formal"},{"word":"entomb","formality":"formal"},{"word":"hide","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:11:39.624Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c1d8892e-4841-466d-9cfc-26ed97c794b8', 'bus', 'A large motor vehicle designed to carry passengers, typically on fixed routes.', 'noun', 'bús', 'french', 'French omnibus', 'for everyone', 'French', '1800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bus","meaning":"large passenger vehicle","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"bus","meaning":"short for omnibus","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"omnibus","meaning":"for all people, for everyone","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"omnis","meaning":"all","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French/Latin"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['omnibus','busses','busload','bus-stop']::text[], '[{"word":"coach","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"motor coach","formality":"formal"},{"word":"minibus","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shuttle","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:15.991Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('551a66e6-181d-45be-ab11-da3576f6b4f4', 'bush', 'A woody plant which is smaller than a tree and has several main stems growing from the base.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'busk', 'bush, shrub', 'Old Norse', '800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bush","meaning":"woody shrub","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bush","meaning":"bush, shrub","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"busk","meaning":"bush, shrub","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bushel','bushy','bushing','bushland']::text[], '[{"word":"shrub","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"thicket","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"scrub","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.726Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('91f2f34d-4d36-4ba7-81e7-88b1fa68e895', 'business', 'A commercial enterprise or the practice of buying and selling goods and services.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bisig', 'busy, occupied', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bʰuseh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"business","meaning":"commercial enterprise","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"businesses","meaning":"state of being busy, occupation","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bisig","meaning":"busy, occupied","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['busy','busily','businesses','businessman','businesslike']::text[], '[{"word":"commerce","formality":"formal"},{"word":"trade","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"enterprise","formality":"formal"},{"word":"outfit","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:29.553Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('69241ffa-b3c8-4f13-88b0-53e315dbb422', 'businesses', 'Plural of business; commercial enterprises or organizations engaged in trade or commerce.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'busy', 'occupied, engaged in activity', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*busi-', '{"era":"current","word":"businesses","meaning":"plural of business","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"business","meaning":"the state of being busy; occupation","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"busy","meaning":"occupied, engaged","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['business','busy','busied','busily']::text[], '[{"word":"enterprises","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"companies","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"firms","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.151Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('03fc39cd-b016-4d6b-bb7e-08d0f8d19bc8', 'businessman', 'A man who works in business, especially one in a position of authority or responsibility.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'busyness', 'state of being busy', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"businessman","meaning":"man in business","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"business","meaning":"occupation, trade","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"busyness","meaning":"state of being busy","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bisig","meaning":"diligent, active","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"man","meaning":"adult male human","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"mann","meaning":"person, human being","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['business','busyness','man','woman','human']::text[], '[{"word":"executive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"entrepreneur","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tycoon","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:16:48.517Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2d18c00d-fa12-4c0d-bd10-f74699847699', 'bust', 'A sculptured representation of the upper body, or to break something suddenly; also slang for an arrest.', 'noun', 'busto', 'french', 'busto', 'trunk of the body', 'Italian/French', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bust","meaning":"sculpture of upper body; to break; arrest","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"buste","meaning":"upper body, torso","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"busto","meaning":"trunk of the body","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"bustum","meaning":"funeral monument, tomb","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['busted','busting','buster','robust','combust','combustion']::text[], '[{"word":"break","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shatter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"arrest","formality":"formal"},{"word":"sculpture","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T14:28:22.445Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bdaf2047-5aab-4af0-9bf8-aee4661e1a02', 'buster', 'A person or thing that breaks or destroys something; a familiar term of address for a boy or man.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'burst', 'to break suddenly', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*brestan', '{"era":"current","word":"buster","meaning":"something that breaks; term of address","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"bust","meaning":"to break","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"burst","meaning":"to break","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"berstan","meaning":"to break","children":[{"era":"pre-400","word":"*brestan","meaning":"to burst","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['burst','bustle','robust']::text[], '[{"word":"destroyer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"lad","formality":"informal"},{"word":"chap","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:05:56.717Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('28eb2056-f5f6-4b25-a1a7-f737f7c678dd', 'busy', 'Having a great deal to do.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'bisig', 'diligent, occupied', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*busagaz', '{"era":"current","word":"busy","meaning":"having a great deal to do","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bisig","meaning":"diligent, active, occupied","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*busagaz","meaning":"diligent, active","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['business','busily','busyness','bustle']::text[], '[{"word":"occupied","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"engaged","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"active","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"working","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T10:02:46.952Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c9b50aae-7c25-4622-a370-2712585f7fed', 'but', 'used to introduce a phrase or clause that contrasts with what has been said.', 'conjunction', NULL, 'germanic', 'butan', 'to thrust out, put out', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bheud-', '{"era":"current","word":"but","meaning":"conjunction of contrast","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"but","meaning":"except, only, however","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"butan","meaning":"to thrust out, except","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['butt','button','outer']::text[], '[{"word":"however","formality":"formal"},{"word":"yet","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"though","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"still","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:04:31.020Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('72589d00-9e4c-4191-bafa-996a612ec094', 'butch', 'Denoting or relating to a person, especially a woman, whose appearance or behavior is traditionally associated with men; masculine.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, '1940s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"butch","meaning":"masculine-presenting woman","children":[{"era":"1940s","word":"butch","meaning":"possibly from ''butcher'' or ''tough''","children":[],"language":"American English slang"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['butchery','butcher','masculine','tough']::text[], '[{"word":"masculine","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mannish","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tough","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:09:44.029Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('60a7c98c-7aff-450e-b19c-6225bc779de6', 'butler', 'The chief male servant of a household, traditionally responsible for the wine cellar and supervising other staff.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'bouteillier', 'bottle-bearer', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"butler","meaning":"chief male servant","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"boteler","meaning":"wine steward","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"bouteillier","meaning":"bottle-bearer","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"botel","meaning":"bottle","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-Norman"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bottle','buttery','bottler','sommelier','majordomo']::text[], '[{"word":"steward","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"majordomo","formality":"formal"},{"word":"house manager","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:08:16.534Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a9438b8d-a5c9-4c5e-b35e-11af0c883a8a', 'butt', 'The thicker end of something; a target for an attack or criticism.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'but', 'aim, goal, target', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"butt","meaning":"The thicker end of something; a target.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"but","meaning":"aim, goal, target","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['abut','buttress','butt (verb)','rebut']::text[], '[{"word":"end","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"target","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mark","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:15:20.993Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('58534899-910e-4567-bf64-d31137dbc8d0', 'butter', 'A pale yellow edible fatty substance made by churning cream and used as a spread or in cooking.', 'noun', NULL, 'latin', 'butyrum', 'butter', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kwow-', '{"era":"current","word":"butter","meaning":"A pale yellow edible fatty substance.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"butere","meaning":"butter","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"butyrum","meaning":"butter","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"boutyron","meaning":"cow cheese","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buttery','buttercup','buttermilk','butterfat']::text[], '[{"word":"spread","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"margarine","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ghee","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:06:00.529Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c349f03b-0dd1-47ee-ba5f-d31e0dc35b28', 'butterfly', 'An insect with four large, often brightly colored wings, a slender body, and antennae with clubbed ends.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'butere, flyge', 'butter, flying insect', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bʰewt-, *plew-', '{"era":"current","word":"butterfly","meaning":"An insect with four large, often brightly colored wings","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"butorflēoge","meaning":"butterfly","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"butere","meaning":"butter","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"flēoge","meaning":"fly, flying insect","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['butter','fly','flutter','dragonfly','moth']::text[], '[{"word":"lepidopteran","formality":"technical"},{"word":"insect","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"monarch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"painted lady","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:14:17.983Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a1ec88cb-4ea6-405a-802a-510bb78dce2c', 'buttock', 'Either of the rounded fleshy parts of the human posterior.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'buttuc', 'end; stump; short piece', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buttock","meaning":"one of the two fleshy rounded parts of the human posterior","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"buttok","meaning":"buttock; rounded end","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"buttuc","meaning":"end; stump; small piece","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['butt','buttocks','butted','butting']::text[], '[{"word":"rear","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rump","formality":"informal"},{"word":"backside","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T11:30:54.768Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3a493926-148c-41c2-99d0-d89d9424b3a7', 'button', 'A small fastener sewn or fixed to clothing, or a device pressed to operate something.', 'noun', 'botón', 'french', 'boter', 'to thrust, push', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"button","meaning":"fastener or control device","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"button","meaning":"small knob","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"bouton","meaning":"bud, button, knob","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"boter","meaning":"to thrust, push, bud","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buttonhole','rebut','rebuttal']::text[], '[{"word":"fastener","formality":"formal"},{"word":"knob","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"control","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.845Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4f535184-9154-4acb-a072-2038859aa8b2', 'buy', 'To obtain in exchange for money; to purchase', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'bycgan', 'to buy, sell', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bugjanan-', '{"era":"pre-1100","word":"buy","meaning":"to obtain by paying money","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bycgan","meaning":"to buy, acquire","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*bugjanan-","meaning":"to buy","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bought','buyer','buyout','buying']::text[], '[{"word":"purchase","formality":"formal"},{"word":"acquire","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pick up","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T23:17:11.578Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8a6386f7-542d-4413-b1ce-63b13b916ad7', 'buyer', 'A person who purchases goods or services.', 'noun', 'comprador', 'germanic', 'bycgan', 'to buy, to purchase', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*bukōn-', '{"era":"1300s","word":"buyer","meaning":"one who buys","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"buy","meaning":"to purchase, to acquire","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bycgan","meaning":"to buy","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buy','buying','buyout','buyer''s market']::text[], '[{"word":"purchaser","formality":"formal"},{"word":"consumer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"customer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"client","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:15.703Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f4581588-8e31-43bf-8d0b-9fd93f87057a', 'buying', 'The act of purchasing or acquiring something in exchange for money.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'bycgan', 'to purchase', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buying","meaning":"purchasing something","children":[{"era":"current","word":"buy","meaning":"to purchase","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bycgan","meaning":"to purchase","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buy','buyer','buyout']::text[], '[{"word":"purchasing","formality":"formal"},{"word":"acquiring","formality":"formal"},{"word":"getting","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:57.069Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2ce29fc2-3fba-40ba-84c4-4a412fa9eac5', 'buzz', 'A low, continuous humming or murmuring sound.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'buzz', 'sound of bees', 'English', '1400s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buzz","meaning":"A low, continuous humming or murmuring sound","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"buzz","meaning":"onomatopoeic imitation of sound","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['hum','whir','hiss','drone']::text[], '[{"word":"hum","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"whir","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"drone","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:18:10.660Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('90887b4c-392f-40ca-8e0f-8fd070a4331f', 'buzzer', 'An electrical device that makes a buzzing sound, often used as a signal.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'buzz', 'to make a low, continuous humming sound', 'English (imitative)', '15th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"buzzer","meaning":"A device making a buzzing sound","children":[{"era":"15th century","word":"buzz","meaning":"to make a humming sound","children":[{"era":"15th century","word":"busse","meaning":"imitative sound","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['buzz','buzzing','whir','hum','hiss']::text[], '[{"word":"alarm","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bell","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"signal","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:22:12.786Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d68c16ec-dd52-4e43-b571-93d19f47aff7', 'bye', 'The position of a competitor in a tournament who advances to the next round without playing an opponent.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'bi', 'by, near', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*ambhi-', '{"era":"current","word":"bye","meaning":"tournament pass","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"by","meaning":"by, near","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*ambi","meaning":"around","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*ambhi-","meaning":"around","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bygone','bypass','byword','byway','standby']::text[], '[{"word":"walkover","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pass","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"advancement","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:11:35.750Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4c80c480-0a1d-437f-8800-c2021c068ee7', 'bygone', 'Bygone means belonging to an earlier time or no longer current.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bygone","meaning":"belonging to an earlier time; past","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"by","meaning":"near, beside, past","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"bi","meaning":"near, by","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"gone","meaning":"departed, passed away","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"go","meaning":"to move from one place to another","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['go','gone','going','goer']::text[], '[{"word":"past","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"former","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"previous","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T21:21:23.830Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('731addd4-a2ca-4561-8175-b9296dff0e9d', 'byte', 'A unit of digital information typically consisting of eight bits.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'byte', 'A unit of information, coined by Werner Buchholz.', 'English', '1950s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"byte","meaning":"A unit of digital information","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['bit','nibble','word','kilobyte']::text[], '[{"word":"octet","formality":"technical"},{"word":"data unit","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T19:02:01.138Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6cb390d5-ce95-441b-882c-1bbea7b372e9', 'bytes', 'Plural of byte; units of computer memory consisting of eight bits.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'byte', 'a unit of digital information', 'English (coined)', '1950s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"bytes","meaning":"plural of byte, units of computer data","children":[{"era":"1956","word":"byte","meaning":"unit of 8 bits of data","children":[{"era":"1949","word":"bit","meaning":"binary digit (0 or 1)","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"English (American)"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['byte','bit','kilobyte','megabyte','gigabyte']::text[], '[{"word":"octets","formality":"technical"},{"word":"data units","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:44.303Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2d4f96cd-8c56-4236-b1f5-eb25361bf4f1', 'cab', 'A taxi.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'cabriolet', 'light horse-drawn carriage', 'French', '1700s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cab","meaning":"A taxi.","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"cabriolet","meaning":"light horse-drawn carriage","children":[],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carriage','taxi','hackney']::text[], '[{"word":"taxi","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"taxicab","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hack","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:11:27.220Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9943e111-d864-41da-b2dd-bc7234965d34', 'cabaret', 'A cabaret is a small venue or show combining music, comedy, dance, or other entertainment, often with food or drink.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cabaret","meaning":"a small entertainment venue or performance style","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"cabaret","meaning":"small tavern or entertainment venue","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"cabaret/caberet","meaning":"earlier regional form of the word; origin uncertain","children":[],"language":"Picard / Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cabarets','cabaretier','cabaret-style','cabaretist']::text[], '[{"word":"nightclub","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"music hall","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"revue theater","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T22:24:22.301Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('847f2c53-5b01-43ac-893f-734a88edbf20', 'cabinet', 'A piece of furniture with shelves or drawers for storing or displaying articles.', 'noun', 'gabinete', 'french', 'cabine', 'small cabin or cell', 'Old French', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cabinet","meaning":"storage furniture","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"cabinet","meaning":"small room, private room","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"cabine","meaning":"small cabin","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"*capanna","meaning":"hut","children":[],"language":"Vulgar Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cabin','cab','capanna']::text[], '[{"word":"cupboard","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"locker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"console","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T11:02:57.210Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2963b0ac-9a31-4dcf-804b-8e97c26b176a', 'cable', 'A thick rope or wire, or a telecommunications transmission line.', 'noun', 'cable', 'latin', 'capulum', 'rope, handle', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cable","meaning":"thick rope or wire","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cable","meaning":"rope, cable","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capulum","meaning":"rope, handle","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cables','cabled','cabling','cablegram']::text[], '[{"word":"rope","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cord","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wire","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.726Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ec5386fc-a56a-4feb-809f-b9fa894d23c9', 'cache', 'A hiding place, especially one in the ground, or a collection of items stored in a hidden or inaccessible place.', 'noun', 'caché', 'french', 'cacher', 'to hide', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cache","meaning":"a hidden store of things","children":[{"era":"17th C","word":"cache","meaning":"hiding place","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cacher","meaning":"to hide","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['conceal','cachet','hiding']::text[], '[{"word":"store","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hoard","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hideaway","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"stash","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T07:02:04.027Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('274123c1-e0bf-4960-a0bc-4ab8813be171', 'cackle', 'To cackle is to make a harsh, clattering laugh or hen-like sound.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cackle","meaning":"to make a hen-like or harsh laughing noise","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cacklen","meaning":"to cackle or chatter","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"imitative origin","meaning":"echoic imitation of a hen''s cry","children":[],"language":"other"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cackled','cackling','cackler','cackleberry','cachinnation']::text[], '[{"word":"chatter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cluck","formality":"informal"},{"word":"guffaw","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T07:02:20.385Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('15f1a858-94df-4585-8a0a-d3b0e0d02c9c', 'cactus', 'A spiny succulent plant of the family Cactaceae.', 'noun', 'cacto', 'latin', 'kaktos', 'thistle or prickly plant', 'Ancient Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cactus","meaning":"a spiny succulent plant","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cactus","meaning":"a prickly plant","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kaktos","meaning":"thistle or prickly plant","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cacti','cactoid','cactaceous','Cactaceae','cactiform']::text[], '[{"word":"succulent","formality":"technical"},{"word":"xerophyte","formality":"technical"},{"word":"prickly plant","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:41:00.006Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fc1bfbfb-9cc6-4031-8e84-21f9bb27bf15', 'cadaver', 'A dead human body, especially one used for dissection or study.', 'noun', 'cadáver', 'latin', 'cadaver', 'dead body, corpse', 'Latin', '~100 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~200 BC","word":"cadere","meaning":"To fall.","children":[{"era":"~100 BC","word":"cadaver","meaning":"Fallen body, corpse.","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"cadaver","meaning":"Corpse, especially for dissection.","language":"English"},{"era":"1500s","word":"cadáver","meaning":"Cadaver, corpse.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cadaverous','decay','cascade']::text[], '[{"word":"corpse","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"remains","formality":"formal"},{"word":"body","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7c5cf379-e59e-43fa-bb72-d14fde517f5c', 'caesar', 'A title used for Roman emperors after Julius Caesar; a powerful ruler or dictator.', 'noun', 'césar', 'latin', 'Caesar', '(Roman family name)', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Caesar","meaning":"Roman emperor title","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Caesar","meaning":"Roman family name","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['kaiser','tsar','Caesarean','caesarism','Julius']::text[], '[{"word":"emperor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ruler","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dictator","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"autocrat","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:16:44.105Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('60fca3a8-4898-4553-b8b7-320ed32522a1', 'cafe', 'A small restaurant serving coffee, light meals, and snacks.', 'noun', 'café', 'other', 'qahwa', 'coffee, wine', 'Arabic', '~900 AD', NULL, '{"era":"~900 AD","word":"qahwa","meaning":"Originally wine, later coffee.","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"kahveh","meaning":"Coffee.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"café","meaning":"Coffee, coffee house.","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"cafe","meaning":"Coffee shop.","language":"English"},{"era":"1700s","word":"café","meaning":"Coffee, cafe.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Turkish"}],"language":"Arabic"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['coffee','cafeteria','caffeine']::text[], '[{"word":"coffeehouse","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bistro","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"diner","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('aafd9f31-bb0a-4ac0-b34d-56ed8dd54df4', 'cage', 'A structure of bars or wires for confining animals.', 'noun', 'jaula', 'french', 'cage', 'cage, prison', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"cavea","meaning":"Hollow place, enclosure, cage.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"cage","meaning":"Cage, prison, enclosure.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cage","meaning":"An enclosure for animals.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"jaula","meaning":"Cage.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['caged','caging','uncaged']::text[], '[{"word":"enclosure","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pen","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cf314a9d-3e82-4b73-90ea-6195c2d72bbc', 'cain', 'A biblical male given name, the eldest son of Adam and Eve in the Abrahamic religions.', 'noun', 'Caín', 'other', 'Qayin', 'acquire, create', 'Hebrew', 'ancient', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Cain","meaning":"biblical male given name","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"Qayin","meaning":"acquire, create","children":[],"language":"Hebrew"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Abel','Seth','Cainite','Cain''s legacy']::text[], '[]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:19:44.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8b01d757-5627-4191-9cea-b483f20d3611', 'cake', 'An item of soft, sweet food made from a mixture of flour, shortening, eggs, sugar, and other ingredients, baked and often decorated.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'kaka', 'cake', 'Old Norse', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cake","meaning":"An item of soft, sweet food.","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"kaka","meaning":"cake","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cook','cookie','kitchen','bake']::text[], '[{"word":"pastry","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dessert","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bun","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T09:04:27.310Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3768e0c7-dd64-4c8d-a1dd-5cf66992f3b1', 'calamity', 'A sudden event causing great damage, loss, or distress.', 'noun', 'calamidad', 'latin', 'calamitas', 'loss, damage; disaster', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"calamity","meaning":"a sudden event causing great damage, loss, or distress","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"calamité","meaning":"calamity","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calamitās","meaning":"loss, damage; disaster","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calamitous','calamitously','calamitousness','calamitist']::text[], '[{"word":"disaster","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"catastrophe","formality":"formal"},{"word":"misfortune","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T08:28:50.014Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c2baa7bd-5d2e-4f2b-bbbb-3bc678e6b248', 'calcium', 'A soft, silvery-white metallic element, occurring in various minerals such as limestone and gypsum, and forming an essential part of bones, teeth, and shells.', 'noun', 'calcio', 'latin', 'calx', 'lime, limestone, pebble', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kal-', '{"era":"current","word":"calcium","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calx","meaning":"lime, limestone","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*kal-","meaning":"hard stone","children":[],"language":"PIE"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calcify','calcine','chalk']::text[], '[{"word":"Ca","formality":"technical"},{"word":"bone mineral","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:09:29.767Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a801f02a-c41e-485c-8287-954b728b1f5b', 'calculate', 'To determine or ascertain by mathematical methods; compute.', 'verb', 'calcular', 'latin', 'calculare', 'to compute, reckon', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"calculate","meaning":"To determine or ascertain by mathematical methods; compute.","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculare","meaning":"to compute, reckon","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculus","meaning":"a small stone, pebble (used for counting)","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calculation','calculator','incalculable','miscalculate','calculus','recalculate']::text[], '[{"word":"compute","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"reckon","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"estimate","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T04:02:04.911Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2b336245-cd25-49cb-813a-7618b12d6357', 'calculation', 'The process or result of using numbers to find out an amount or value.', 'noun', 'calculación', 'latin', 'calculare', 'to reckon, compute', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kal-', '{"era":"current","word":"calculation","meaning":"The process of computing","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculatio","meaning":"a reckoning","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculare","meaning":"to reckon, compute","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculus","meaning":"small stone, pebble (used for counting)","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calculate','calculator','calculus','calculable','incalculable']::text[], '[{"word":"computation","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"reckoning","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"estimation","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:07:24.767Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('49a4dd35-10f0-454f-b5ab-c63fe003661a', 'calculator', 'A device used for performing arithmetic operations.', 'noun', 'calculadora', 'latin', 'calculare', 'to count, reckon', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"calculator","meaning":"device for arithmetic","children":[{"era":"500s","word":"calculator","meaning":"one who calculates","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculare","meaning":"to count, reckon","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calculus","meaning":"pebble used for counting","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calculate','calculus','calculation','calculable']::text[], '[{"word":"computer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"reckoner","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T01:03:28.086Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('82f81300-38c1-479d-b15a-10cb16c2c7e8', 'calendar', 'A system for organizing days into weeks, months, and years; a table or chart showing dates.', 'noun', 'calendario', 'latin', 'calendae', 'the first day of the month', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"calendar","meaning":"system of organizing time into days and months","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"calendar","meaning":"calendar, list of holy days","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calendarium","meaning":"account book, calendar","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calendae","meaning":"first day of the month","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calendars','calendrical','calendar-based']::text[], '[{"word":"schedule","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"almanac","formality":"formal"},{"word":"datebook","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.945Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3df82f5e-5c1b-4d49-8022-9c8306f0cf1e', 'calf', 'A young bovine animal; also, the fleshy back part of the human leg below the knee.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'cealf', 'young animal', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kalbaz', '{"era":"current","word":"calf","meaning":"young animal or leg part","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cealf","meaning":"young animal","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*kalbaz","meaning":"young animal","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calve','calving','calves','kälbern (German)']::text[], '[{"word":"youngster","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"foal","formality":"technical"},{"word":"gastrocnemius","formality":"technical"},{"word":"lower leg","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:23:30.372Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('435562f0-f448-41fc-936d-559853748001', 'california', 'A state on the west coast of the United States.', 'noun', 'California', 'other', 'Las Sergas de Esplandián', 'from a Spanish novel describing a mythical island', 'Spanish', '1510s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"California","meaning":"U.S. state on the Pacific coast","children":[{"era":"1510s","word":"California","meaning":"mythical island from Spanish literature","children":[],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Californian','Californian English']::text[], '[{"word":"the Golden State","formality":"informal"},{"word":"CA","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.554Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b90ec152-cd14-4c35-99e8-1b9dfc7627ea', 'call', 'To cry out; to telephone; to give a name to', 'verb', NULL, 'norse', 'kalla', 'to call out, summon', 'Old Norse', '800s', '*kallōn-', '{"era":"1100s","word":"call","meaning":"to shout; to phone; to name","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"kalla","meaning":"to call, summon, name","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*kallōn-","meaning":"to cry out, call","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['called','calling','caller','recall','callback','roll-call']::text[], '[{"word":"summon","formality":"formal"},{"word":"shout","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"holler","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:50:39.235Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('78113550-dcb0-4c4c-a2b9-7a8380eb372b', 'called', 'Past tense of call; summoned or named.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceallian', 'to shout, call out', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gal-', '{"era":"current","word":"called","meaning":"past tense of call","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"call","meaning":"to shout, summon","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceallian","meaning":"to call out","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['call','caller','calling','recall']::text[], '[{"word":"summoned","formality":"formal"},{"word":"named","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"designated","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.812Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e1cc0e08-55e4-4578-b2a2-b530b079e551', 'caller', 'A person who makes a call, especially by telephone or for a social visit.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'kalla', 'to call, summon, shout', 'Old Norse', 'pre-1100', '*gal-', '{"era":"current","word":"caller","meaning":"A person who makes a call.","children":[{"era":"current","word":"call","meaning":"to summon, shout","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"kalla","meaning":"to call, summon, shout","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*gal-","meaning":"to call, shout","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['call','challenge','clamor','council']::text[], '[{"word":"visitor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"guest","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"telephoner","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:24:31.539Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6c9b776b-fd66-452f-92ea-4c2c0c18ce52', 'calling', 'A strong urge or inclination to pursue a particular occupation or activity.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'call', 'to cry out, summon', 'Old Norse', 'pre-1100', '*gal-', '{"era":"current","word":"calling","meaning":"a vocation or strong urge","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"call","meaning":"to cry out, summon","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"kallask","meaning":"to call oneself","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['call','caller','callable','called','uncalled']::text[], '[{"word":"vocation","formality":"formal"},{"word":"profession","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"occupation","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"calling","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:45.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('051b3110-a857-4f43-ba59-2d56ded2162e', 'calls', 'Loud utterances or shouts; or instances of telephoning someone.', 'noun', 'llamadas', 'germanic', 'ceallan', 'to cry out', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"calls","meaning":"utterances or phone connections","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"call","meaning":"to cry out, shout","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceallan","meaning":"to cry out","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['call','calling','called','caller']::text[], '[{"word":"shouts","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cries","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"phone calls","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:14.917Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a81a7545-d12c-4c2a-b6b2-0eab2544fff3', 'calm', 'Not showing or feeling nervousness or strong emotions.', 'adjective', 'calma', 'french', 'calme', 'tranquility, quiet', 'Old French', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"~200 AD","word":"cauma","meaning":"Heat of the midday sun, rest during heat.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"calme","meaning":"Tranquility, stillness.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"calm","meaning":"Peaceful, tranquil.","language":"English"},{"era":"1300s","word":"calma","meaning":"Calm, tranquility.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['calmly','calmness']::text[], '[{"word":"serene","formality":"formal"},{"word":"peaceful","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"chill","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('31d085ee-cf13-43cf-aa3b-66b2dccb68fe', 'calorie', 'A calorie is a unit of energy used to measure the heat value of food and fuel.', 'noun', 'caloría', 'latin', 'calor', 'heat', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kel-', '{"era":"current","word":"calorie","meaning":"a unit of energy used to measure the heat value of food and fuel","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"calorie","meaning":"a unit of heat or energy","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calor","meaning":"heat","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['caloric','calorific','calorimeter','calorimetry','kilocalorie']::text[], '[{"word":"kilocalorie","formality":"technical"},{"word":"heat unit","formality":"technical"},{"word":"cal","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T10:39:00.419Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ec995bd4-788c-4cb5-8518-7ba56955bb43', 'cam', 'A rotating or sliding piece in a mechanical linkage used especially in transforming rotary motion into linear motion or vice versa.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'kam', 'comb, cog-wheel', 'Dutch', '1600s', '*kambaz', '{"era":"current","word":"cam","meaning":"A rotating or sliding piece in a mechanical linkage.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"kam","meaning":"comb, cog-wheel","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*kambaz","meaning":"comb","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Dutch"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['comb','camber','camshaft','gear','interlock']::text[], '[{"word":"lobe","formality":"technical"},{"word":"cog","formality":"technical"},{"word":"eccentric","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T17:03:45.172Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2083a455-05c0-4028-94ce-5247f6d31ae4', 'camcorder', 'A portable electronic device that combines the functions of a video camera and a video recorder.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"late 20th century","word":"camcorder","meaning":"video camera and recorder combined","children":[{"era":"19th century","word":"camera","meaning":"photographic apparatus","children":[{"era":"17th century","word":"camera obscura","meaning":"dark chamber","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"camera","meaning":"vaulted room","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin/Italian"}],"language":"English"},{"era":"14th century","word":"recorder","meaning":"device for recording","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"recorder","meaning":"to recall, relate","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"recordari","meaning":"to call to mind, remember","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['camera','record','video','tape','film']::text[], '[{"word":"video camera","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"handycam","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:05:25.619Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('66fca943-9206-410a-b372-bcb043f2c13c', 'came', 'Past tense of come, indicating arrival or movement toward a point.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'come', 'to move toward', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*gwem-', '{"era":"current","word":"came","meaning":"past tense of come","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"come","meaning":"to move toward","children":[{"era":"2000 BCE","word":"*gwem-","meaning":"to go, come","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['come','coming','comer','comeback']::text[], '[{"word":"arrived","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"appeared","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"approached","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.588Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d9b5180b-a4d6-4922-872c-305e1f389adf', 'camel', 'A large, long-necked ruminant mammal with a humped back, native to deserts of Asia and Africa.', 'noun', 'camello', 'greek', 'kamēlos', 'camel', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"camel","meaning":"A large, long-necked ruminant mammal with a humped back.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"camel","meaning":"camel","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"camelus","meaning":"camel","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kamēlos","meaning":"camel","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"(unspecified Semitic root)","meaning":"camel","children":[],"language":"Semitic"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['dromedary','camelopard','chameau']::text[], '[{"word":"dromedary","formality":"technical"},{"word":"bactrian","formality":"technical"},{"word":"desert ship","formality":"literary"},{"word":"pack animal","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:10:53.109Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c25c00c1-f644-4e4e-aa1e-dea0488c75f8', 'camera', 'A device for recording visual images as photographs or video.', 'noun', 'cámara', 'latin', 'camera', 'vaulted chamber', 'Latin', '~100 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~500 BC","word":"kamara","meaning":"Vaulted chamber, arched roof.","children":[{"era":"~100 BC","word":"camera","meaning":"Vaulted room.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"camera obscura","meaning":"Dark chamber used for projection.","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"camera","meaning":"Optical imaging device.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cámara","meaning":"Chamber, camera.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chamber','comrade','cameraman']::text[], '[{"word":"recorder","formality":"formal"},{"word":"cam","formality":"informal"},{"word":"lens","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('be42bcf6-ac67-4bc4-812d-a9e6104c005b', 'cameraman', 'A person whose profession is to operate a film or television camera.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'camera + man', 'chamber + human male', 'English', '1900s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cameraman","meaning":"camera operator","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"camera","meaning":"obscura camera","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"camera","meaning":"chamber","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kamara","meaning":"vaulted chamber","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"man","meaning":"adult male human","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"mann","meaning":"human being","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['camera','man','cinematography','photographer']::text[], '[{"word":"cinematographer","formality":"technical"},{"word":"videographer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cameraperson","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:19:44.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f0b34aea-223f-47da-ba37-03d192397efc', 'cameras', 'Devices for taking photographs or recording videos.', 'noun', 'cámara', 'latin', 'camera', 'chamber, vault, room', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cameras","meaning":"photographic or video recording devices","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"camera","meaning":"device for capturing images","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"camera obscura","meaning":"dark chamber","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['camera-shy','cameraman','camera-work','photographic']::text[], '[{"word":"camcorder","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"film camera","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"digital camera","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.412Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0d8663f1-7f15-494d-8925-e1d780a3d114', 'camouflage', 'Material, coloring, or a pattern used to blend an object into its surroundings, or the act of disguising it.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'camoufler', 'to disguise', 'French', '1800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"camouflage","meaning":"disguise; concealment by blending into surroundings","children":[{"era":"1917","word":"camouflage","meaning":"disguise; military concealment","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"camoufler","meaning":"to disguise","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"camuffare","meaning":"to disguise","children":[],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['camouflaged','camouflaging','camouflager','camo']::text[], '[{"word":"disguise","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"concealment","formality":"formal"},{"word":"masking","formality":"technical"},{"word":"screening","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T22:46:45.421Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1df231b7-549b-4086-8ff7-b360a4a97c93', 'camp', 'A temporary settlement of tents or cabins, or to stay temporarily in a tent.', 'noun', 'campo', 'latin', 'campus', 'field, plain', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"camp","meaning":"temporary settlement or field","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"camp","meaning":"military encampment","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"campe","meaning":"field, encampment","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campus","meaning":"field, plain","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['camping','camper','encampment','campaign']::text[], '[{"word":"encampment","formality":"formal"},{"word":"tent site","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bivouac","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:41.246Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('78c51184-1069-4f16-b58a-1d62dc368c18', 'campaign', 'A series of military operations or a connected set of operations with a particular objective.', 'noun', 'campaña', 'latin', 'campania', 'countryside, open field', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"campaign","meaning":"series of coordinated operations","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"campaign","meaning":"series of military operations","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"campagne","meaning":"military campaign, countryside","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"campania","meaning":"open countryside","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campus","meaning":"field, plain","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Early Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['campaigns','campaigner','campaigning','campus']::text[], '[{"word":"operation","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"crusade","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"drive","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:39.972Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('72702300-9f33-4914-849e-be9bb60fefe4', 'camper', 'A camper is a person who camps or stays in a tent, cabin, or vehicle outdoors.', 'noun', 'campo', 'latin', 'campus', 'field, open land', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"camper","meaning":"a person who camps","children":[{"era":"Middle English to Modern English","word":"camp + -er","meaning":"agent noun formed from camp","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"camp","meaning":"field, encampment","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campus","meaning":"field, plain","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['camp','camping','camped','campground','campfire']::text[], '[{"word":"camper","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"camper-traveler","formality":"informal"},{"word":"outdoorsman","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T16:27:32.524Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('447138d6-0748-4125-862e-7971d9560f58', 'campus', 'The grounds and buildings of a university or college.', 'noun', 'campus', 'latin', 'campus', 'field, plain, level ground', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"campus","meaning":"university or college grounds","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"campus","meaning":"school or college grounds","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campus","meaning":"field, plain, level ground","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['campground','encampment','scamper']::text[], '[{"word":"grounds","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"facility","formality":"technical"},{"word":"premises","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.389Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bd9a71aa-6979-4e43-ba57-4382347d35e1', 'canadian', 'Of or relating to Canada or its inhabitants, culture, or characteristics.', 'adjective', 'canadiense', 'other', 'Canada', 'the country name, from Iroquoian ''kanata'' meaning village', 'Iroquoian/French', '1500s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"canadian","meaning":"of or from Canada","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"Canadian","meaning":"inhabitant of Canada","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"Canada","meaning":"the country","children":[{"era":"pre-contact","word":"kanata","meaning":"village","children":[],"language":"Iroquoian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Canada','Canadien','Canadians']::text[], '[{"word":"from Canada","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Dominion","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:11.848Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('249462c8-4216-4885-9366-151065ecdd6b', 'canal', 'An artificial waterway constructed for navigation, irrigation, or drainage.', 'noun', 'canal', 'latin', 'canalis', 'pipe, groove, channel', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kan-', '{"era":"current","word":"canal","meaning":"artificial waterway","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"canal","meaning":"channel, conduit","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"canalis","meaning":"pipe, groove, channel","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"canna","meaning":"reed, small tube","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['channel','cannula','cane','cannon','canyon']::text[], '[{"word":"waterway","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"channel","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"conduit","formality":"technical"},{"word":"trench","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:10:16.210Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a7433099-5171-44b1-b1e2-b3a04081be43', 'canary', 'A small songbird native to the Canary Islands, often kept for its singing.', 'noun', 'canario', 'latin', 'canis', 'dog', 'Latin', 'classical', '*ḱwṓn', '{"era":"current","word":"canary","meaning":"a small songbird native to the Canary Islands","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"canarie","meaning":"canary bird","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"canario","meaning":"of the Canary Islands; canary bird","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Canariae Insulae","meaning":"the Canary Islands, literally island(s) of dogs","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"canis","meaning":"dog","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Canary Islands','canine','canid','canicular','cynic','canis']::text[], '[{"word":"songbird","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"finch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"warbler","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T16:36:55.453Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c65cc239-cf72-44f4-82ad-e13b71b9e8c7', 'cancel', 'To decide or announce that something arranged will not take place.', 'verb', 'cancelar', 'latin', 'cancellare', 'to make like a lattice, cross out', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cancel","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"canceller","meaning":"to cross out, cancel","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cancellare","meaning":"to make like a lattice, cross out","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cancelli","meaning":"lattice, grating","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chancel','chancery','lattice','cancellation']::text[], '[{"word":"revoke","formality":"formal"},{"word":"annul","formality":"formal"},{"word":"stop","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"call off","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T22:03:02.137Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f67799f5-fb87-4bd1-a6b0-55c0a27d0ed0', 'cancer', 'A disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body.', 'noun', 'cáncer', 'latin', 'cancer', 'crab', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cancer","meaning":"malignant disease","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cancer","meaning":"crab","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"karkinos","meaning":"crab (named for crab-like appearance of tumors)","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carcinogenic','carcinoma','Cancer (zodiac sign)']::text[], '[{"word":"malignancy","formality":"formal"},{"word":"tumor","formality":"technical"},{"word":"neoplasm","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:56.004Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('71791890-fb92-4a43-9dbe-ed9c02676059', 'candidate', 'A person who is formally nominated for an election or appointed to a position.', 'noun', 'candidato', 'latin', 'candidatus', 'clothed in white', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kh₂nd-', '{"era":"current","word":"candidate","meaning":"person seeking office","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"candidate","meaning":"one seeking office, clothed in white","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"candidus","meaning":"white, pure, bright","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['candid','incandescent','candle','candor','whitewash']::text[], '[{"word":"nominee","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"applicant","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"aspirant","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T23:04:58.923Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f0350d47-5c75-46ed-b4ab-b3b940726554', 'candle', 'A cylinder or block of wax or tallow with a central wick, which is lit to provide light as it burns.', 'noun', 'candela', 'latin', 'candela', 'candle, light', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kand-', '{"era":"current","word":"candle","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"candel","meaning":"candle","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"candela","meaning":"candle, light","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"candere","meaning":"to shine, be white, glow","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['incandescent','candor','chandelier','candid']::text[], '[{"word":"taper","formality":"literary"},{"word":"wax light","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"flame","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"beacon","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:21:19.029Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('db2145fe-5419-487c-8cfa-10857aa0ec67', 'candy', 'A sweet food made with sugar or syrup.', 'noun', 'caramelo', 'other', 'qand', 'crystallized sugar', 'Arabic', '~900 AD', 'khaṇḍa (Sanskrit)', '{"era":"1300s","word":"candy","meaning":"Sweet confection.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"sukre candi","meaning":"Crystallized sugar.","children":[{"era":"~900 AD","word":"qand","meaning":"Crystallized sugar.","children":[{"era":"~500 BC","word":"khaṇḍa","meaning":"Piece, fragment of sugar.","language":"Sanskrit"}],"language":"Arabic"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['sugarcane']::text[], '[{"word":"sweet","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"confection","formality":"formal"},{"word":"treat","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T20:03:11.451Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('24ff218b-c948-4198-9ec4-13069ae4d845', 'cane', 'A long, thin, often flexible stem of certain plants, or a stick used for support.', 'noun', 'caña', 'latin', 'canna', 'reed', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cane","meaning":"A long, thin stem or walking stick","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cane","meaning":"reed, cane","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"canna","meaning":"reed","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['channel','cannon','canal','cannel','canister']::text[], '[{"word":"staff","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"stick","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rod","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:10:47.611Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f1592d52-a538-4b7c-8e99-54e8372c729f', 'cannibal', 'A person who eats the flesh of other human beings.', 'noun', 'caníbal', 'other', 'Caniba', 'name used by Columbus for the Carib people of the Lesser Antilles, alleged to practice anthropophagy', 'Arawakan', '1400s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cannibal","meaning":"one who eats human flesh","children":[{"era":"1490s","word":"canibal","meaning":"member of the Carib people; human flesh-eater","children":[{"era":"pre-1492","word":"Caniba","meaning":"the Carib people of the Caribbean islands","children":[],"language":"Arawakan"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cannibalism','cannibalistic','cannibalize','anthropophagy']::text[], '[{"word":"anthropophagite","formality":"technical"},{"word":"man-eater","formality":"informal"},{"word":"anthropophagus","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T22:47:57.388Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c76a485a-18e5-4221-89df-ff551baebc65', 'cannon', 'A large, heavy piece of artillery, typically mounted on wheels, formerly used in warfare.', 'noun', 'cañón', 'latin', 'canna', 'reed, tube, pipe', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kan-', '{"era":"current","word":"cannon","meaning":"artillery gun","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"canon","meaning":"tube, cannon","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"cannone","meaning":"large tube, cannon","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"canna","meaning":"reed, tube","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old Italian"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['canon','canal','cane','channel']::text[], '[{"word":"artillery","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"gun","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ordnance","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:20:44.640Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('95dbd7eb-7a84-4a7b-9d85-e4b1846b710a', 'cannot', 'Contraction of ''can not,'' expressing inability or prohibition.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', '*kunnan', 'to know how, to be able', 'Proto-Germanic', 'pre-1100', '*gneh₃-', '{"era":"current","word":"cannot","meaning":"am/is/are not able to","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"can not","meaning":"am not able","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"can","meaning":"to know how, to be able","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*kunnan","meaning":"to know, to be able","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"not","meaning":"negation particle","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['can','could','cannot','uncanny','ken']::text[], '[{"word":"unable to","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"incapable of","formality":"formal"},{"word":"can''t","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-04T23:54:54.564Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e1c49328-ab84-4730-87a9-482389ce6363', 'canon', 'An authoritative rule or principle, or a collection of texts considered authentic.', 'noun', 'canon', 'greek', 'kanon', 'straight rod, rule, standard', 'Ancient Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"canon","meaning":"rule, standard, or collection of works","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"canon","meaning":"church law, rule","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kanon","meaning":"measuring rod, rule, standard","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['canonical','canonize','canonic']::text[], '[{"word":"rule","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"standard","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"principle","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:15.903Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a0ed865d-90f9-447a-974f-09aec4a8baa2', 'canteen', 'A canteen is a container for carrying drinks, or a place where food and drinks are sold to a group such as soldiers or students.', 'noun', 'cantina', 'french', 'cantina', 'cellar; pantry', 'Italian', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"canteen","meaning":"a drink container or a place serving food and drink","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"cantine","meaning":"refreshment stall; military mess","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cantina","meaning":"cellar; pantry","children":[],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cantina','canteens','canteener','canteenful','canteenette']::text[], '[{"word":"flask","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"water bottle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mess hall","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:24:53.191Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d4eb8172-e548-4993-9d41-e8b79b4b46ee', 'canvas', 'A strong, coarse unbleached cloth made from hemp, flax, or a similar yarn, used to make sails, tents, and other items.', 'noun', 'cañamazo', 'greek', 'kánnabis', 'hemp', 'Greek', 'classical', '*kan(n)ab-', '{"era":"current","word":"canvas","meaning":"strong cloth","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"canevas","meaning":"canvas","children":[{"era":"600s","word":"canavaccio","meaning":"hemp cloth","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cannabis","meaning":"hemp","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"κάνναβις (kánnabis)","meaning":"hemp","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Vulgar Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cannabis','canvass','hemp','flax']::text[], '[{"word":"cloth","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fabric","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sailcloth","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:13:09.829Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e840c360-4c8a-4afb-943f-a0b5c1fbf348', 'capability', 'The ability or power to do something.', 'noun', 'capacidad', 'latin', 'capere', 'to take, seize, hold', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"capability","meaning":"The ability or power to do something.","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"capable","meaning":"having the ability","children":[{"era":"600s","word":"capabilis","meaning":"susceptible, able to contain","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capere","meaning":"to take, seize, hold","children":[{"era":"4500-2500 BCE","word":"*kap-","meaning":"to grasp, seize","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capable','capacity','capture','accept','receive']::text[], '[{"word":"ability","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"capacity","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"potential","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"aptitude","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T05:02:47.594Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('24b66211-b313-42e8-b794-5be0702bed32', 'capable', 'Having the ability or quality necessary to do or achieve something.', 'adjective', 'capaz', 'latin', 'capabilis', 'able to hold or contain, able to comprehend', 'Late Latin', 'Late Latin', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"capable","meaning":"having ability","children":[{"era":"14th century","word":"capable","meaning":"able to seize or hold","children":[{"era":"Late Latin","word":"capabilis","meaning":"able to hold or contain","children":[{"era":"Classical Latin","word":"capax","meaning":"large, ample","children":[{"era":"Classical Latin","word":"capere","meaning":"to take, seize, hold","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capacity','capture','conceive','accept']::text[], '[{"word":"able","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"competent","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"proficient","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T10:02:46.952Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d95681df-03c1-4397-8934-5061b954ebc9', 'capacity', 'The maximum amount that something can hold or the ability to do something.', 'noun', 'capacidad', 'latin', 'capax', 'able to hold, capable', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"capacity","meaning":"ability to hold or perform","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"capacité","meaning":"ability, capability","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capax","meaning":"able to hold, capable","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capable','capacitor','incapacitate','cape','capture']::text[], '[{"word":"ability","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"capability","formality":"formal"},{"word":"volume","formality":"technical"},{"word":"potential","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.063Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b3a29660-25dd-444e-8c60-3302f7a42d99', 'capital', 'Wealth in the form of money or assets; also, the chief city of a country.', 'noun', 'capital', 'latin', 'capitālis', 'of the head, chief', 'Latin', '~100 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"capitālis","meaning":"Of the head, chief, principal.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"capital","meaning":"Chief city; accumulated wealth.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"capital","meaning":"Capital city; financial capital.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capitalize','capitalism','captain']::text[], '[{"word":"funds","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"assets","formality":"formal"},{"word":"money","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T15:04:08.797Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('01d33c90-4e2d-4f85-a895-a3d0ee141174', 'capitalism', 'An economic system in which private owners control production and seek profit through markets.', 'noun', 'capitalismo', 'latin', 'caput', 'head', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kaput-', '{"era":"current","word":"capitalism","meaning":"an economic system based on private ownership and profit","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capital","meaning":"of the head; principal; wealth used to generate more wealth","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capitalis","meaning":"of the head","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caput","meaning":"head","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"},{"era":"classical","word":"-ism","meaning":"noun-forming suffix denoting a doctrine, system, or practice","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capital','capitalist','capitalistic','capitalization','capitalize','capitalization']::text[], '[{"word":"free enterprise","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"market economy","formality":"technical"},{"word":"private enterprise","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T16:36:55.453Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d84cc093-138d-4117-8f37-b207f9aa81f8', 'capitol', 'A building in which a state legislative body meets.', 'noun', 'capitolio', 'latin', 'Capitōlium', 'Capitoline Hill (in Rome)', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kaput-', '{"era":"current","word":"capitol","meaning":"legislative building","children":[{"era":"17th C","word":"capitol","meaning":"the Capitol at Rome","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Capitōlium","meaning":"the Capitoline Hill; temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caput","meaning":"head","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capital','chapter','captain','decapitate','recapitulate']::text[], '[{"word":"statehouse","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"legislature","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"parliament","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"assembly","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:18:10.660Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('694e0f2c-1573-489e-ba91-6c280cc95003', 'cappuccino', 'Cappuccino is an espresso drink topped with steamed milk foam.', 'noun', 'capuchino', 'latin', 'cappa', 'cloak; hood', 'Late Latin', 'late classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cappuccino","meaning":"espresso coffee with steamed milk foam","children":[{"era":"20th century","word":"cappuccino","meaning":"the coffee drink name borrowed into English","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"capuchin","meaning":"the friars whose brown hoods inspired the name","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"capuccio","meaning":"hood","children":[{"era":"late classical","word":"cappa","meaning":"cloak or hood","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capuchin','capuchino','capuccio','cappa','cappuccio']::text[], '[{"word":"espresso","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"coffee","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"coffee drink","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T18:22:33.993Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a3d34c96-0cb0-44ee-98d4-4570d7f13cf2', 'capsule', 'A small case or container, especially one that is cylindrical and used for containing medication.', 'noun', 'cápsula', 'latin', 'capsula', 'small box or case', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"capsule","meaning":"A small case or container, especially one that is cylindrical and used for containing medication.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"capsule","meaning":"small box, seed pod","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capsula","meaning":"a small box or case","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capsa","meaning":"box, case","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['case','caption','capture','capacious']::text[], '[{"word":"pill","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tablet","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"container","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:06:06.693Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f4cab7e1-4e73-4278-9a1a-5c54c42463ad', 'captain', 'The person in command of a ship, aircraft, or military unit.', 'noun', 'capitán', 'latin', 'caput', 'head', 'Latin', '200s BCE', '*kaput-', '{"era":"4000 BCE","word":"*kaput-","meaning":"Head.","children":[{"era":"200s BCE","word":"caput","meaning":"Head, chief.","children":[{"era":"400s","word":"capitaneus","meaning":"Chief, leader.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"capitaine","meaning":"Military leader.","children":[{"era":"1380s","word":"captain","meaning":"Commander of a vessel or unit.","language":"English"},{"era":"1400s","word":"capitán","meaning":"Captain, leader.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capital','chapter','chief','cape','captain']::text[], '[{"word":"commander","formality":"formal"},{"word":"skipper","formality":"informal"},{"word":"leader","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('24be2a78-46c8-4733-b67c-70e02154f6bb', 'caption', 'A brief title or explanatory text attached to an image, article, or media item.', 'noun', NULL, 'latin', 'capiō', 'to take, seize', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caption","meaning":"a brief title or explanatory text attached to an image, article, or media item","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"captiō","meaning":"a taking; seizure; deception","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capiō","meaning":"to take, seize","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capture','captive','captious','accept','concept']::text[], '[{"word":"title","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"legend","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"subtitle","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T06:28:58.703Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d951b433-b5fb-4a2c-8134-cb9b8d5fbc47', 'captive', 'Captive means kept prisoner or held in bondage, and it can also refer to a prisoner.', 'adjective', 'cautivo', 'latin', 'Latin captivus', 'taken prisoner', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"captive","meaning":"kept prisoner; held in bondage","children":[{"era":"classical to 1200s","word":"captif / captivus","meaning":"taken prisoner","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capere","meaning":"to seize; take","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*kap-","meaning":"to seize; grasp","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French / Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['captivity','capture','captor','captivate','recapture']::text[], '[{"word":"prisoner","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"detained","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bound","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:24:53.191Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('df1c0420-2037-40f9-acc6-0cb82d29230c', 'carbon', 'A nonmetallic chemical element that occurs in many forms, including graphite and diamond, and is an essential constituent of all organic life.', 'noun', 'carbón', 'latin', 'carbo', 'charcoal', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kerh-', '{"era":"current","word":"Carbon","meaning":"nonmetallic element","children":[{"era":"18th century","word":"carbone","meaning":"charcoal, carbon","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carbo","meaning":"charcoal","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carbohydrate','carbonate','carboniferous','carbonic']::text[], '[{"word":"element","formality":"technical"},{"word":"charcoal","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"coal","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T03:03:29.683Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a77fbf15-cbac-4ca5-8986-6feeb7615c17', 'cards', 'Pieces of stiff paper bearing information or used for playing games; or plural of card.', 'noun', 'cartas', 'latin', 'charta', 'papyrus, paper, map', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cards","meaning":"pieces of stiff paper for games or information","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"card","meaning":"a piece of stiff paper","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charta","meaning":"papyrus, paper","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['card','cardboard','chart','charter']::text[], '[{"word":"playing cards","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cards","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.423Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('43738f09-6a8b-457f-a4ac-b656f248fc43', 'care', 'To feel concern or interest; serious attention', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'caru', 'care, worry, sorrow', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*karō', '{"era":"pre-1100","word":"care","meaning":"to feel concern; attention","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"caru","meaning":"care, anxiety, sorrow","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*karō","meaning":"care, grief","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['careful','careless','caregiver','healthcare','childcare']::text[], '[{"word":"concern","formality":"formal"},{"word":"attention","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tend","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-12T22:50:39.235Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ea6c6462-002b-4405-b80b-a61491914c62', 'carefree', 'Free from care or worry.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carefree","meaning":"without worry","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"care","meaning":"worry; concern","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"free","meaning":"unbound; unconstrained","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['care','careless','carelessness','carefreeness','carefreely']::text[], '[{"word":"untroubled","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"unconcerned","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"lighthearted","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T02:42:12.880Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9c47ad25-a370-4686-8359-ba42ea44abdf', 'careful', 'Exercising caution or showing concern for possible danger or difficulty.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'caru', 'sorrow, anxiety, burden', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*karo', '{"era":"current","word":"careful","meaning":"exercising caution","children":[{"era":"pre-1100 + current","word":"care + -ful","meaning":"sorrow, anxiety + full of","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"careful","meaning":"full of care, anxious","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"caru","meaning":"sorrow, anxiety, burden","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Old English + English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['care','careless','caring','curious']::text[], '[{"word":"cautious","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"prudent","formality":"formal"},{"word":"meticulous","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wary","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:17:30.192Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dba454f3-692f-46e2-8424-14ceffa9b7f5', 'careless', 'Not giving sufficient attention to avoiding harm or error; negligent.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'caru + -less', 'worry, sorrow; without', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*karō + *lausaz', '{"era":"current","word":"careless","meaning":"negligent","children":[{"era":"13th C","word":"careless","meaning":"without care, unconcerned","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"care","meaning":"worry, sorrow","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*karō","meaning":"lament, care","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"-less","meaning":"without","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*lausaz","meaning":"loose, free from","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['care','careful','uncaring','less','carelessly']::text[], '[{"word":"negligent","formality":"formal"},{"word":"reckless","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"inattentive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sloppy","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:22:59.477Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('086da85f-afde-489a-84cd-f64078ac8538', 'caress', 'An affectionate touch or gesture of tenderness.', 'noun', 'caricia', 'latin', 'cārus', 'dear, beloved', 'Latin', 'classical', '*keh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"caress","meaning":"an affectionate touch or gesture of tenderness","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"caresse","meaning":"a caress","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"carezza","meaning":"caress","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cārus","meaning":"dear, beloved","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['caressed','caressing','caressive','karezza']::text[], '[{"word":"stroke","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fondling","formality":"informal"},{"word":"petting","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T15:25:09.091Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0649fb01-8338-4ce9-914c-16bec12a528e', 'caretaker', 'A caretaker is a person who looks after a place, person, or thing.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caretaker","meaning":"a person who looks after a place, person, or thing","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"care","meaning":"concern, anxiety, attention","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"caru","meaning":"care, sorrow","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"take","meaning":"to seize, grasp, or receive","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"tacan","meaning":"to take","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['care','caregiver','caretaking','take','caretake']::text[], '[{"word":"custodian","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"guardian","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"steward","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:24:53.191Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('543ffb87-3882-4f76-b380-1ff3cab51a6a', 'cargo', 'Goods carried on a ship, aircraft, or vehicle.', 'noun', 'cargo', 'latin', 'carricare', 'to load a cart', 'Late Latin', 'post-classical', '*kerh-', '{"era":"current","word":"cargo","meaning":"Goods carried.","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"cargo","meaning":"load, burden","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"cargar","meaning":"to load","children":[{"era":"post-classical","word":"carricare","meaning":"to load a cart","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carrus","meaning":"wheeled vehicle, cart","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charge','car','carriage','career','charger']::text[], '[{"word":"freight","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"shipment","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"load","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:06:00.529Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('291f137c-2ba9-42be-a3e2-ce94d10e88d7', 'caribbean', 'Relating to the Caribbean Sea, its islands, or the peoples and cultures there.', 'adjective', 'Caribe', 'other', 'Carib', 'name of a native people', 'Spanish (from Arawakan)', '15th c.', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Caribbean","meaning":"Relating to the Caribbean Sea, its islands, or the peoples and cultures there.","children":[{"era":"18th c.","word":"Caribbean","meaning":"of the Caribs","children":[{"era":"15th c.","word":"Carib","meaning":"name of a native people","children":[{"era":"pre-1500","word":"Karifuna","meaning":"Carib people","children":[],"language":"Arawakan"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Carib','Cariban','Antillean']::text[], '[{"word":"West Indian","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Antillean","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T00:03:40.109Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('867c0ff0-25f6-4d47-b16d-d920a986c528', 'carnival', 'A public festival, typically held in the period immediately preceding Lent.', 'noun', 'carnaval', 'latin', 'carne levare', 'farewell to meat', 'Latin', 'Medieval Latin', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carnival","meaning":"public festival before Lent","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"carnevale","meaning":"festival before Lent","children":[{"era":"Medieval","word":"carne levare","meaning":"farewell to meat","children":[],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carnal','carnivore','incarnate','chili con carne']::text[], '[{"word":"festival","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"celebration","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"revelry","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:08:06.994Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d79a96dd-69f6-48e6-90f9-c2fdb3c8c7cc', 'carol', 'A joyful song, especially one sung at Christmas.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'carole', 'ring dance with song', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carol","meaning":"joyful song","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"carol","meaning":"ring dance; song","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carole","meaning":"ring dance accompanied by song","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"choraula","meaning":"flute player for choral dance","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"choraules","meaning":"choral flute accompanist","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['caroler','caroling','carolled','Christmas carol']::text[], '[{"word":"hymn","formality":"formal"},{"word":"anthem","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"song","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"canticle","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T14:28:22.445Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4cacea36-a24d-49f3-8fde-71f54541f681', 'carole', 'An archaic English spelling of carol, especially a joyful song or festive round dance.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'Old French carole', 'round dance; song accompanying it', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carole","meaning":"an archaic spelling of carol, especially a joyful song or festive round dance","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carole","meaning":"round dance accompanied by singing","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"choraula","meaning":"a dance to the flute","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"khoraulēs","meaning":"flute player for a choral dance","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"khoros + aulein","meaning":"\"chorus\" + \"to play the flute\"","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carol','caroled','caroling','caroler','Christmas carol']::text[], '[{"word":"carol","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hymn","formality":"formal"},{"word":"chant","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T04:30:41.432Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fe84f0f8-506f-4b4e-8bf7-0174d99e23bd', 'carolina', 'A region or place name derived from the Latin masculine form meaning ''of or relating to Charles''.', 'noun', 'Carolina', 'latin', 'Carolus (Charles)', 'of Charles', 'Latin', 'medieval', NULL, '{"era":"17th century","word":"Carolina","meaning":"region named after Charles II","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"Carolus","meaning":"Charles (masculine name)","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Charles','Carl','carol','Carolyn']::text[], '[{"word":"place","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"region","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.698Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fc3c156c-841e-4c3e-bff6-802d605dc3d3', 'carpenter', 'A person who makes or repairs wooden objects and structures.', 'noun', 'carpintero', 'latin', 'carpentarius', 'carriage maker', 'Late Latin', '300-600 CE', '*kerp-', '{"era":"current","word":"carpenter","meaning":"woodworker","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charpentier","meaning":"carpenter","children":[{"era":"300-600 CE","word":"carpentarius","meaning":"carriage maker","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carpentum","meaning":"two-wheeled chariot","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carpentry','carriage','cart','car']::text[], '[{"word":"woodworker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"joiner","formality":"technical"},{"word":"craftsman","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:13:18.470Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a579b741-4591-4fd8-8fa4-df41dcbca5bb', 'carr', 'Carr is a dialect word for a marsh or fen, and it also survives as a surname and place-name element.', 'noun', NULL, 'norse', 'kjarr', 'brushwood; wet scrub; swampy ground', 'Old Norse', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carr","meaning":"marsh; fen","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"carr","meaning":"marshy land","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"kjarr","meaning":"brushwood; swamp; wet scrub","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carrs','carse','karr','Carr']::text[], '[{"word":"marsh","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fen","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bog","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T08:28:50.014Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2226f238-27c6-4739-854c-f714fdf2e83e', 'carriage', 'A wheeled vehicle, often horse-drawn, used for carrying people or goods.', 'noun', 'carruaje', 'french', 'cariage', 'act of carrying, things carried', 'Old French', '13th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carriage","meaning":"A wheeled vehicle, often horse-drawn, used for carrying people or goods.","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"cariage","meaning":"act of carrying, things carried","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"carier","meaning":"to carry, transport","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carrus","meaning":"two-wheeled wagon","children":[{"era":"null","word":"*krsos","meaning":"null","children":[],"language":"Proto-Celtic"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carry','carrier','cargo']::text[], '[{"word":"coach","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"buggy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vehicle","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:11:41.608Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('775d0784-dab3-4cac-b9e3-4a40fb9569cf', 'carried', 'Past tense of carry; transported or moved something from one place to another.', 'verb', 'carga', 'french', 'carrier', 'to carry, transport', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carried","meaning":"transported in the past","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"carry","meaning":"to transport, bear, support","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carrier","meaning":"to carry, transport","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carra","meaning":"car, cart","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carry','carrier','carrying','carriage']::text[], '[{"word":"transported","formality":"formal"},{"word":"conveyed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bore","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:47.426Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3c87f4b2-11a4-4b9c-90b2-2a032ec0aa35', 'carrier', 'A person or thing that carries something; an organization providing a service (e.g., transport, communication).', 'noun', 'acarreador', 'latin', 'carrus', 'wagon, cart', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kers-', '{"era":"current","word":"carrier","meaning":"one who carries","children":[{"era":"current","word":"carry","meaning":"to transport","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"carier","meaning":"to convey in a cart","children":[{"era":"late classical","word":"*carricare","meaning":"to load a cart","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carrus","meaning":"wagon, cart","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*kers-","meaning":"to run","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Vulgar Latin"}],"language":"Old North French"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carry','carriage','cart','charge','car']::text[], '[{"word":"conveyor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"transporter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bearer","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T21:03:57.448Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('38801cd9-86f6-4feb-9b2a-7c6b4d3d3ed1', 'carrot', 'A tapered orange root vegetable.', 'noun', NULL, 'latin', 'carota', 'carrot', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carrot","meaning":"an orange root vegetable","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carotte","meaning":"carrot","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carota","meaning":"carrot","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carotene','carotenoid','root vegetable']::text[], '[{"word":"root","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vegetable","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:15:31.700Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d0e91209-c7ae-419c-a6ce-3db3c5a17076', 'carry', 'To support and move someone or something from one place to another.', 'verb', 'cargar', 'french', 'carier', 'to transport in a vehicle', 'Old North French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"100s","word":"carrus","meaning":"A four-wheeled wagon (Gaulish origin).","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carier","meaning":"To transport.","children":[{"era":"1350s","word":"carry","meaning":"To bear from one place to another.","language":"English"},{"era":"1300s","word":"cargar","meaning":"To carry, to load.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old North French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carry-on','miscarry','carriage','car']::text[], '[{"word":"bear","formality":"formal"},{"word":"transport","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"haul","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('424e14df-e643-47af-9d4c-d2d3b4424479', 'cars', 'Plural of car; motor vehicles designed primarily for transporting passengers on roads.', 'noun', 'carro', 'other', 'car', 'vehicle for carrying, carriage', 'Old North French', '1200-1400', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cars","meaning":"motor vehicles","children":[{"era":"1890s-current","word":"car","meaning":"motor vehicle","children":[{"era":"1300-1500","word":"car","meaning":"carriage, cart","children":[{"era":"1200-1400","word":"carre","meaning":"vehicle","children":[{"era":"500-1000","word":"carra","meaning":"carriage","children":[],"language":"Vulgar Latin"}],"language":"Old North French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['car','carriage','cargo','chariot']::text[], '[{"word":"automobiles","formality":"formal"},{"word":"vehicles","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"motors","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:07.489Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('df20bbdd-407d-4c2e-b44e-107f0fb7f949', 'cart', 'A wheeled vehicle or container used for transporting goods or materials.', 'noun', 'carro', 'germanic', 'cræt', 'a cart or vehicle', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kret-', '{"era":"current","word":"cart","meaning":"wheeled vehicle","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"carte","meaning":"cart or vehicle","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*kret-","meaning":"to shake or rattle","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cartel','card','cargo','carry']::text[], '[{"word":"wagon","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vehicle","formality":"formal"},{"word":"trolley","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.136Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('03152412-3a34-4bc3-b0f8-4bcbf53df30a', 'cartel', 'An association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition.', 'noun', 'cártel', 'latin', 'carta', 'paper, document, letter', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cartel","meaning":"association restricting competition","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"cartel","meaning":"challenge, written agreement","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"cartello","meaning":"placard, written challenge","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carta","meaning":"paper, document","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['card','chart','charter','carte']::text[], '[{"word":"monopoly","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"syndicate","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"combine","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:17:38.077Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c8c81551-e38d-46d9-945b-1f4c5fbbd464', 'carter', 'A person who drives a cart.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'charrete', 'cart', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carter","meaning":"cart driver","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"cartare","meaning":"cart driver","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"charrete","meaning":"cart","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carrus","meaning":"wheeled vehicle","children":[],"language":"Latin (Gaulish origin)"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cart','carriage','car','carrier','cartage']::text[], '[{"word":"teamster","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"waggoner","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"drayman","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:07:18.530Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f645c94f-2257-4dc3-83a0-c53861270fb8', 'cartman', 'A man who drives a cart or transports goods by cart.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'cart + man', 'cart driver; man associated with a cart', 'Middle English', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cartman","meaning":"a man who drives a cart or transports goods by cart","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cart + man","meaning":"cart driver; cart worker","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cart","meaning":"wheeled vehicle for carrying goods","children":[],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"man","meaning":"male person; human being","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cart','carter','carting','cartwright','man']::text[], '[{"word":"carter","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wagoner","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"teamster","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T03:31:07.267Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d4a00fd8-4b78-47c9-9a56-b5ad4c76a23d', 'carton', 'A stiff paperboard box or the paperboard itself.', 'noun', 'cartón', 'french', 'carta', 'paper', 'Medieval Latin', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carton","meaning":"A stiff paperboard box or the paperboard itself.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cartone","meaning":"Pasteboard; large sheet of paperboard.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carta","meaning":"Paper, sheet of paper.","children":[],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['card','cardboard','cartoon','cartonnage']::text[], '[{"word":"box","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"container","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"package","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T18:30:32.960Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f597cda4-3653-4e36-8263-7a37e45835fe', 'cartoon', 'A humorous drawing or sequence of drawings, often with a political or social message.', 'noun', 'cartón', 'latin', 'cartone', 'large paper, pasteboard', 'Italian', '17th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cartoon","meaning":"humorous drawing","children":[{"era":"17th century","word":"cartone","meaning":"strong, heavy paper for sketches","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carta","meaning":"paper, leaf of paper","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cartouche','carton','chart','card']::text[], '[{"word":"comic","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"animation","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"caricature","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T02:04:58.598Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('040826a0-0e5d-4105-ace2-a7e211296440', 'cartridge', 'A container holding a charge of propellant or a quantity of material.', 'noun', 'cartucho', 'french', 'cartouche', 'roll of paper, cartridge', 'French', '16th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cartridge","meaning":"A container holding a charge of propellant or a quantity of material.","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"cartouche","meaning":"roll of paper, cartridge","children":[{"era":"15th century","word":"cartoccio","meaning":"cartridge, paper cone","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carta","meaning":"paper","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charta","meaning":"paper","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"khartēs","meaning":"papyrus leaf","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cartouche','carton','chart','card']::text[], '[{"word":"shell","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"casing","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"container","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T13:03:54.845Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2477c2b5-aca7-435e-9069-fa0a0aafdc9d', 'cartwright', 'A craftsman who makes carts.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cartwright","meaning":"a craftsman who makes carts","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"Middle English cartewright","meaning":"cartwright","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cart","meaning":"cart","children":[],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"wright","meaning":"maker, craftsman","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cart','wright','cartmaker','wainwright']::text[], '[{"word":"cartmaker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wagonmaker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wainwright","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T02:29:22.816Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fc855dfd-12a8-4eae-848d-122a9058d70b', 'carve', 'To cut into a desired shape; to cut a cooked piece of meat into slices.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceorfan', 'to cut, carve', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kerfanan', '{"era":"current","word":"carve","meaning":"cut into shape","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"kerven","meaning":"to cut, carve","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceorfan","meaning":"to cut, carve","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*kerfanan","meaning":"to cut","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['curfew','kerf','kerchief','cleft']::text[], '[{"word":"sculpt","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"engrave","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"slice","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:07:34.801Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f486b3a9-ddfd-4320-90c8-c11e514db8a9', 'carver', 'A carver is a person who cuts, sculpts, or engraves material, especially wood or stone.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceorfan', 'to cut, carve', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"carver","meaning":"a person who carves","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"carve","meaning":"to cut or shape with a tool","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceorfan","meaning":"to cut, carve","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['carve','carved','carving','carves','woodcarver','stonecarver']::text[], '[{"word":"sculptor","formality":"formal"},{"word":"engraver","formality":"technical"},{"word":"whittler","formality":"informal"},{"word":"woodcarver","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T01:24:53.191Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('865164a9-1a7f-4c0e-8f10-43c1b5dc1577', 'casa', 'A house or home, often used in Spanish-speaking contexts or as a loanword.', 'noun', 'casa', 'latin', 'casa', 'hut, cabin, cottage', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"casa","meaning":"house or home","children":[{"era":"current","word":"casa","meaning":"house","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"casa","meaning":"hut, cabin, cottage","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Modern English (loanword)"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['casita','casino','casemate']::text[], '[{"word":"house","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"home","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dwelling","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"residence","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:07:17.808Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fd7f003d-ba89-42bc-8693-88f6f7820d95', 'case', 'An instance of a situation or a container for items.', 'noun', 'caso', 'french', 'cas', 'an event, happening', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"cāsum","meaning":"A fall, chance, event, from cadere (to fall).","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"cas","meaning":"An event, happening, situation.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"case","meaning":"An instance, situation.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"caso","meaning":"Case, event.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['casual','occasion','casing']::text[], '[{"word":"instance","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"situation","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a4c90ac2-3c9f-4076-8b94-435486043f3d', 'cases', 'Instances or examples of something occurring; or containers or boxes.', 'noun', 'casos', 'latin', 'casus', 'fall, accident, or event', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kad-', '{"era":"current","word":"cases","meaning":"instances or containers","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"case","meaning":"occurrence or container","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"casus","meaning":"fall or event","children":[{"era":"3000 BCE","word":"*kad-","meaning":"to fall","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['case','casing','accidental','cascade']::text[], '[{"word":"instances","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"examples","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"containers","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"boxes","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:08.854Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b0ea9a05-5b9b-42bf-80c5-9072af652d50', 'cash', 'Money in coins or banknotes.', 'noun', 'caja', 'french', 'casse', 'money box', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cash","meaning":"money in coins or notes","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"casse","meaning":"money box","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cassa","meaning":"box, chest","children":[],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cashier','cashless','cash-strapped','cashing']::text[], '[{"word":"money","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"currency","formality":"formal"},{"word":"funds","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.287Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('33fc4d0e-b04e-424d-8782-73885d24243c', 'cashier', 'A person whose job is to receive and pay out money in a shop, bank, or other business.', 'noun', 'cajero', 'french', 'caissier', 'money handler', 'French', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cashier","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"caissier","meaning":"money handler","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"caisse","meaning":"money box","children":[],"language":"French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cash','caisse','encash','cashbox']::text[], '[{"word":"teller","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"clerk","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"treasurer","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"bursar","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:15:38.460Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b1299f5f-b9de-49d1-8489-e491656b8cfc', 'casing', 'A protective outer covering, shell, or frame that encloses or encases something.', 'noun', 'caja', 'latin', 'capsa', 'box, container', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"casing","meaning":"outer covering or enclosure","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"case + -ing","meaning":"box, container; act of encasing","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"casse","meaning":"box, chest","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capsa","meaning":"box, chest, container","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capere","meaning":"to hold, take, seize","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old North French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['case','encase','encasement','capsule','capture','caption']::text[], '[{"word":"housing","formality":"technical"},{"word":"sheath","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"enclosure","formality":"formal"},{"word":"shell","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T22:15:53.169Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('998e77b0-42f5-4b01-82d9-3276d5f72362', 'casino', 'A public building or room where gambling games are played.', 'noun', 'casino', 'latin', 'Italian casino', 'small house', 'Italian', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Casino","meaning":"gambling establishment","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"casino","meaning":"small house","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"casa","meaning":"house","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['gamble','gambling','house','gaming']::text[], '[{"word":"gambling house","formality":"formal"},{"word":"gaming hall","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.429Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('294f3ba5-2834-4d30-b442-186316d2c317', 'cassette', 'A small sealed case containing a length of audiotape or videotape, or a reel of photographic film.', 'noun', 'casete', 'french', 'casse', 'case, box', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cassette","meaning":"small case (for tape)","children":[{"era":"19th century","word":"cassette","meaning":"small box","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"casse","meaning":"case, box","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['case','casket','encase']::text[], '[{"word":"cartridge","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tape","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:13:09.829Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2c645ada-7317-4a8b-a1d5-4c4c034d4c74', 'cast', 'To throw something forcefully or to shape molten material in a mold.', 'verb', NULL, 'norse', 'kasta', 'to throw', 'Old Norse', '800s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cast","meaning":"to throw or shape","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"casten","meaning":"to throw","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"kasta","meaning":"to throw, cast","children":[],"language":"Old Norse"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['casting','caster','forecast','miscast']::text[], '[{"word":"throw","formality":"informal"},{"word":"hurl","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fling","formality":"informal"},{"word":"mold","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:42.482Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c4f3c43e-4af2-4c95-bb35-cebc6563a6d7', 'caste', 'A hereditary social class or rank, especially in South Asian contexts.', 'noun', 'casta', 'latin', 'castus', 'pure, chaste', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caste","meaning":"a hereditary social class or rank","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"caste","meaning":"breed, race, lineage; later social class","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"castus","meaning":"pure, chaste","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Portuguese/Spanish"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['casta','chaste','chastity','chastise','chasteness']::text[], '[{"word":"class","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"estate","formality":"formal"},{"word":"rank","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T20:45:59.230Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('60795885-9659-4402-964e-85241f55a1cd', 'castle', 'A large fortified building or group of buildings.', 'noun', 'castillo', 'french', 'castel', 'fortress, village', 'Old French', '1000s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"castellum","meaning":"Fort, citadel, diminutive of castrum.","children":[{"era":"1000s","word":"castel","meaning":"Fortress, fortified town.","children":[{"era":"1000s","word":"castle","meaning":"A fortified residence.","language":"English"},{"era":"1000s","word":"castillo","meaning":"Castle.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['castellan','chateau']::text[], '[{"word":"fortress","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"citadel","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('85c07c3c-0ec8-4ee5-939d-f83cbf98c350', 'casual', 'Relaxed and unconcerned, or happening by chance; without planning.', 'adjective', 'casual', 'latin', 'casualis', 'pertaining to chance, accidental', 'Late Latin', 'classical', '*kad-', '{"era":"current","word":"casual","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"casualis","meaning":"pertaining to chance","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"casus","meaning":"chance, fall, event","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chance','occasion','case','casualty']::text[], '[{"word":"informal","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"accidental","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"random","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:03:25.114Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('919e3f40-398c-4d5a-8d06-ca662e78b34a', 'cat', 'A small domesticated carnivorous mammal with fur, whiskers, and retractable claws.', 'noun', 'gato', 'other', 'catta', 'cat', 'Late Latin', '400s CE', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cat","meaning":"small domesticated carnivorous mammal","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"cat","meaning":"cat","children":[{"era":"400s CE","word":"catta","meaning":"cat","children":[{"era":"unknown","word":"catta","meaning":"possibly from African languages","children":[],"language":"unknown origin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cats','kitten','catty','cat-like','catfish']::text[], '[{"word":"feline","formality":"formal"},{"word":"puss","formality":"informal"},{"word":"tomcat","formality":"informal"},{"word":"kitty","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:13.700Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4b404fcb-4e12-44b8-abb7-e61da36b84d0', 'catalog', 'A complete list of items, typically organized systematically, or a publication listing such items.', 'noun', 'catálogo', 'greek', 'katalogos', 'a list, enumeration', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"catalog","meaning":"a systematic list","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"catalog","meaning":"a list of items","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"katalogos","meaning":"enumeration, list","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['catalogue','cataloged','cataloger','catalog-like']::text[], '[{"word":"list","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"directory","formality":"formal"},{"word":"inventory","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:56.568Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('204fa263-de9d-45fe-bf5a-06024f1506ed', 'catalogue', 'A complete list of items, typically one in alphabetical or other systematic order, in particular those in a library or museum.', 'noun', 'catálogo', 'greek', 'katalogos', 'a list, register', 'Greek', 'classical', '*leg-', '{"era":"current","word":"catalogue","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"15th C.","word":"catalogue","meaning":"list","children":[{"era":"c. 1300","word":"catalogus","meaning":"list","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"katalogos","meaning":"a list, register","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kata-","meaning":"down","children":[],"language":"Greek"},{"era":"classical","word":"legein","meaning":"to choose, count","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['dialog','analogy','logic','lecture']::text[], '[{"word":"list","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"register","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"index","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T23:04:58.923Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c43f6294-7eac-4c37-8166-aa70beeff42c', 'catalyst', 'A substance that accelerates a chemical reaction without being consumed, or a person/thing that precipitates an event.', 'noun', 'catalizador', 'greek', 'katalysis', 'dissolution, breakdown', 'Greek', '1600s (scientific usage), ancient (Greek roots)', '*kat-', '{"era":"current","word":"catalyst","meaning":"substance causing a reaction or an agent of change","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"catalysis","meaning":"chemical process","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"katalysis","meaning":"dissolution, breakdown","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kata-","meaning":"down","children":[],"language":"Greek"},{"era":"classical","word":"lyein","meaning":"to loosen","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"New Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['analysis','paralysis','catalyze','hydrolysis']::text[], '[{"word":"impetus","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"stimulus","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trigger","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:16:17.674Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8754ff4e-27f5-4763-b90c-7b2f6401a5b9', 'catastrophe', 'A sudden disaster or an event causing great damage or suffering.', 'noun', 'catástrofe', 'greek', 'katastrophē', 'an overturning', 'Greek', '~400 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~400 BC","word":"katastrophḗ (καταστροφή)","meaning":"An overturning, sudden end. From kata- (down) + strephein (to turn).","children":[{"era":"1530s","word":"catastrophe","meaning":"A sudden great disaster.","language":"English"},{"era":"1500s","word":"catástrofe","meaning":"Catastrophe.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['catastrophic','apostrophe','strophe']::text[], '[{"word":"disaster","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"calamity","formality":"formal"},{"word":"cataclysm","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d3f917c0-06d3-4b53-ba5e-d4ea6029d38a', 'catastrophic', 'Causing or involving great disaster or sudden ruin.', 'adjective', 'catastrófico', 'greek', 'καταστροφή (katastrophē)', 'an overturning or disastrous reversal', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"catastrophic","meaning":"disastrous; involving catastrophe","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"catastrophe + -ic","meaning":"formed from catastrophe with an adjectival suffix","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"catastrophe","meaning":"a sudden disaster or reversal","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Greek katastrophē","meaning":"overturning, downfall","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"French via Latin from Greek"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['catastrophe','catastrophize','catastrophism','catastrophically','cataclysm']::text[], '[{"word":"disastrous","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"calamitous","formality":"formal"},{"word":"ruinous","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T14:30:50.423Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ee68798d-f869-47d4-8fc6-4b6c9e49fbd4', 'catch', 'To intercept and hold something that has been thrown or dropped.', 'verb', 'atrapar', 'french', 'cachier', 'to hunt, to chase', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"1200s","word":"catch","meaning":"To intercept; to capture.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"cachier","meaning":"To hunt, to chase.","children":[{"era":"300s BCE","word":"capere","meaning":"To take, to seize.","language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['catcher','catch-up','catchphrase']::text[], '[{"word":"capture","formality":"formal"},{"word":"grab","formality":"informal"},{"word":"seize","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T22:59:31.367Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('31397fba-c640-48c2-af67-b4480012b2ff', 'categories', 'Plural of category; distinct groups or classes into which things are divided.', 'noun', 'categorías', 'greek', 'kategoria', 'accusation or predicate', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"categories","meaning":"groups or classes","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"category","meaning":"class or division","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"categoria","meaning":"class, type","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kategoria","meaning":"accusation, assertion","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['category','categorize','categorical','categorization']::text[], '[{"word":"classes","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"groups","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"divisions","formality":"formal"},{"word":"classifications","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:06.515Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b6aa463b-28f7-484a-be21-284f91ee4cb3', 'category', 'A class or division of people or things having shared characteristics.', 'noun', 'categoría', 'greek', 'katēgoria', 'accusation, assertion', 'Greek', '~350 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~350 BC","word":"katēgoría (κατηγορία)","meaning":"Accusation, assertion, predication. Used by Aristotle for classification. From kata- (against) + agoreuein (to speak in public).","children":[{"era":"1580s","word":"category","meaning":"A class or group of things.","language":"English"},{"era":"1500s","word":"categoría","meaning":"Category.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['categorical','categorize','categorization']::text[], '[{"word":"class","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"group","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"classification","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2060e1c9-5881-4b26-ad75-d9b1d13393e8', 'cater', 'To provide food and drink for an event or a person.', 'verb', NULL, 'french', 'acatour', 'buyer, provider', 'Anglo-French', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cater","meaning":"to provide food/service","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"catour","meaning":"purchaser of provisions","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"acatour","meaning":"buyer","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"acater","meaning":"to buy","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['caterer','catering','caters']::text[], '[{"word":"provide","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"supply","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"furnish","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:05:25.619Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('af98539e-ccf6-4734-8edd-8e6cb7a4499e', 'catfish', 'A catfish is a whiskered freshwater fish of the order Siluriformes.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"catfish","meaning":"a whiskered freshwater fish","children":[{"era":"current","word":"cat + fish","meaning":"a fish likened to a cat because of its whiskers","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"cat","meaning":"cat","children":[],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"fish","meaning":"fish","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cat','fish','catfishes','catfisher','catfishing']::text[], '[{"word":"silurid","formality":"technical"},{"word":"mudcat","formality":"informal"},{"word":"catfish species","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T10:28:11.025Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('51ccf2bc-3816-4d14-95ea-bde835a1ab17', 'cathedral', 'The principal church of a diocese, where the bishop''s throne is located.', 'noun', 'catedral', 'greek', 'kathedra', 'seat, chair', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cathedral","meaning":"principal church of a diocese","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cathedrale","meaning":"of a bishop''s see","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cathedra","meaning":"chair, seat, bishop''s throne","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kathedra","meaning":"seat, bench","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chair','see','cathedra','ex cathedra']::text[], '[{"word":"church","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"minster","formality":"technical"},{"word":"basilica","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:10:58.197Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('da2feb84-034f-41af-9a42-07df9ee774ca', 'catholic', 'Including a wide variety of things; all-embracing.', 'adjective', 'católico', 'greek', 'katholikos', 'universal, general', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"catholic","meaning":"all-embracing","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"catholique","meaning":"catholic","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"catholicus","meaning":"universal","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"katholikos","meaning":"universal, general","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kata","meaning":"concerning, throughout","children":[],"language":"Greek"},{"era":"classical","word":"holos","meaning":"whole","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['totality','hologram','holocaust','holistic']::text[], '[{"word":"universal","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"broad","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"comprehensive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"all-encompassing","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T01:03:28.086Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e7d04bd7-a323-4d31-b560-7b0e84991637', 'cattle', 'Large ruminant animals with horns and cloven hooves, bred for meat or milk; domesticated bovine animals.', 'noun', 'capital', 'latin', 'capitale', 'property, wealth, principal sum', 'Old French', '1200s', 'caput', '{"era":"current","word":"cattle","meaning":"Large ruminant animals with horns and cloven hooves, bred for meat or milk; domesticated bovine animals.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"catel","meaning":"property, goods","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"capitale","meaning":"property, wealth","children":[{"era":"500s","word":"capitāle","meaning":"principal sum, property","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caput","meaning":"head","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-Norman French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capital','chattel','herd','bovine']::text[], '[{"word":"livestock","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"kine","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:06:18.508Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('02dbf0e4-e41a-416d-bd02-e42322e631c3', 'caucasian', 'Of or relating to the Caucasus region or to people historically classified as Caucasian.', 'adjective', 'caucásico', 'greek', 'Ancient Greek Καύκασος (Káukasos)', 'Caucasus', 'Ancient Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caucasian","meaning":"of or relating to the Caucasus region or historically classified as Caucasian","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Caucasus","meaning":"the Caucasus Mountains","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Καύκασος","meaning":"Caucasus","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Caucasus','Caucasic','Caucasoid','Transcaucasian','Caucasianism']::text[], '[{"word":"Caucasic","formality":"technical"},{"word":"Caucasoid","formality":"technical"},{"word":"Transcaucasian","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T23:41:00.006Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3639097c-0798-49b8-be95-13b6425b0739', 'cause', 'A person or thing that gives rise to an action, event, or condition.', 'noun', 'causa', 'latin', 'causa', 'reason, motive, lawsuit', 'Latin', '200s BCE', NULL, '{"era":"200s BCE","word":"causa","meaning":"Cause, reason, legal case.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"cause","meaning":"Cause, reason.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cause","meaning":"That which produces an effect.","language":"English"},{"era":"1300s","word":"causa","meaning":"Cause, reason.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['because','causal','causation','excuse','accuse']::text[], '[{"word":"reason","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"origin","formality":"formal"},{"word":"source","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T15:04:08.797Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f3f0752c-ab4a-4b50-bfeb-7e10a13a0750', 'caused', 'Made something happen or be the reason for something.', 'verb', 'causó', 'latin', 'causa', 'reason, cause, case', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caused","meaning":"made happen","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cause","meaning":"reason, motive","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"causa","meaning":"reason, case","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cause','causal','because','causation','excuse']::text[], '[{"word":"made","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"produced","formality":"formal"},{"word":"brought about","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:47.663Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b0ec9ff9-9f43-46f8-8838-0e2fb1e097cf', 'cautious', 'Exercising caution or carefulness; wary.', 'adjective', 'cauto', 'latin', 'cautus', 'careful, wary, safe', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kəu-', '{"era":"current","word":"cautious","meaning":"exercising caution","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"cautious","meaning":"careful","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cautio","meaning":"caution, foresight","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cavere","meaning":"to take heed, beware","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['caution','incautious','precaution','cauterize']::text[], '[{"word":"wary","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"circumspect","formality":"formal"},{"word":"prudent","formality":"formal"},{"word":"careful","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:17:38.077Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('564b2fad-1735-49e2-8ba3-6584b98783b2', 'cavalry', 'Soldiers who fight on horseback.', 'noun', 'caballería', 'latin', 'caballus', 'packhorse', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cavalry","meaning":"soldiers who fight on horseback","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"cavalerie","meaning":"cavalry","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cavalleria","meaning":"cavalry","children":[{"era":"post-classical","word":"cavallo","meaning":"horse","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caballus","meaning":"packhorse","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Vulgar Latin / Latin"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cavalier','chevalier','chivalry','equine','cab']::text[], '[{"word":"horsemen","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dragoons","formality":"technical"},{"word":"mounted troops","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"uhlan","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:20:50.894Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c6b3a5c7-e199-4976-9c3e-b103992781f3', 'cave', 'A large natural underground chamber in a hillside or cliff.', 'noun', 'cueva', 'latin', 'cavus', 'hollow', 'Latin', 'classical', '*keh₂u-', '{"era":"current","word":"cave","meaning":"A large natural underground chamber.","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"cave","meaning":"cave, cellar","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cava","meaning":"hollow place, cavity","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cavus","meaning":"hollow","children":[{"era":"pre-2000 BCE","word":"*keh₂u-","meaning":"to swell, hole","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cavity','cavern','excavate','concave']::text[], '[{"word":"cavern","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"grotto","formality":"literary"},{"word":"den","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:22:27.892Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('56bc4e75-9a26-489d-8b38-c0caf8eb1731', 'caviar', 'The processed, salted roe of certain fish, especially sturgeon, eaten as a delicacy.', 'noun', 'caviar', 'other', 'khavyar', 'caviar', 'Persian', 'pre-1500', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caviar","meaning":"fish roe delicacy","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"caviale","meaning":"caviar","children":[{"era":"pre-1500","word":"havyar","meaning":"caviar","children":[{"era":"pre-1500","word":"khavyar","meaning":"caviar","children":[],"language":"Persian"}],"language":"Turkish"}],"language":"Italian"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['roe','delicacy','sturgeon']::text[], '[{"word":"roe","formality":"technical"},{"word":"delicacy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fish eggs","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:19:44.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('abdad021-8252-4b4c-b071-161214b9f4b6', 'cavity', 'An empty space or hollow within a solid object or body.', 'noun', 'cavidad', 'latin', 'Latin cavitas', 'hollowness, empty space', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cavity","meaning":"an empty space or hollow within a solid object or body","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"Middle English cavite","meaning":"a hollow space","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Latin cavitas","meaning":"hollowness, a hollow place","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Latin cavus","meaning":"hollow","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cave','cavern','cavernous','concave','excavate']::text[], '[{"word":"hollow","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"void","formality":"formal"},{"word":"recess","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pocket","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T18:43:58.029Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2dc894dd-2038-4d4a-a7ee-25a883883de8', 'caw', 'to make the harsh cry of a crow or raven.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"caw","meaning":"the harsh cry of a crow or raven","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"caw","meaning":"an imitative bird cry","children":[],"language":"expressive sound"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cawed','cawing','caws','crow','croak']::text[], '[{"word":"croak","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cry","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"squawk","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T18:22:33.993Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a5dc2800-dae7-44a2-bd0e-1de118093e5a', 'cayman', 'A carnivorous reptile similar to an alligator, found in Central and South America.', 'noun', 'caimán', 'other', 'kaiman', 'native word for alligator', 'Taino/Carib', 'pre-16th century', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cayman","meaning":"A carnivorous reptile similar to an alligator.","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"caiman","meaning":"alligator-like reptile","children":[{"era":"pre-16th century","word":"kaiman","meaning":"native word for alligator","children":[],"language":"Taino/Carib"}],"language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['alligator','crocodile','reptile']::text[], '[{"word":"alligator","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"crocodile","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"reptile","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:05:49.196Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f11c600e-b1a3-43f1-b631-55d9ee956813', 'cds', 'Plural of CD; compact discs used for data or audio storage.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'compact disc', 'small tightly packed disc', 'English', '1980s', NULL, '{"era":"1980s-current","word":"CDs","meaning":"plural of compact disc","children":[{"era":"1980s","word":"compact disc","meaning":"small optical data storage device","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"compact","meaning":"closely packed, condensed","children":[],"language":"English"},{"era":"1600s","word":"disc","meaning":"circular object, record","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['compact disc','CD-R','CD-ROM','optical disc']::text[], '[{"word":"compact discs","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"discs","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"optical media","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:39.830Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('730588f9-08eb-48c9-b2ab-82c6fa89732c', 'cease', 'To stop, discontinue, or bring to an end.', 'verb', 'cesar', 'french', 'cessare', 'to delay, to be remiss, to yield, to stop', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cease","meaning":"to stop","children":[{"era":"1100s-1500s","word":"cesser","meaning":"to stop, desist","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cessare","meaning":"to delay, stop, yield","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cessation','recess','antecedent','decease']::text[], '[{"word":"stop","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"halt","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"discontinue","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:20:45.401Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dccdbfa1-d879-4623-b64a-66ac48db931f', 'cedar', 'A coniferous tree of the genus Cedrus, noted for its fragrant, durable wood.', 'noun', 'cedro', 'greek', 'kedros', 'cedar tree', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cedar","meaning":"coniferous tree","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cedre","meaning":"cedar","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cedrus","meaning":"cedar","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kedros","meaning":"cedar tree","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['tree','wood','forest','evergreen','conifer']::text[], '[{"word":"conifer","formality":"technical"},{"word":"cypress","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"juniper","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:07:24.767Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a02ea262-092d-4d4c-a383-252c10b586b2', 'ceiling', 'The upper interior surface of a room.', 'noun', 'cielo', 'latin', 'caelum', 'sky, heaven', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"ceiling","meaning":"upper interior surface of a room","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"celing","meaning":"covering","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"celer","meaning":"to cover, conceal","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caelum","meaning":"sky, heaven","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['ceil','ciel','celestial','cavity']::text[], '[{"word":"roof","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"overhead","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cap","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vault","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:19:25.252Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('47db2608-6b33-4fe2-be4d-abc717bd350a', 'celebrate', 'To observe (a day or event) with ceremonies or festivities, or to praise widely.', 'verb', 'celebrar', 'latin', 'celebrare', 'to frequent, to honor, to perform solemnly', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"celebrate","meaning":"to observe with festivities","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celebrare","meaning":"to frequent, perform solemnly, honor","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celeber","meaning":"frequented, renowned","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['celebrity','celebration','famous','solemn','commemorate']::text[], '[{"word":"commemorate","formality":"formal"},{"word":"observe","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"honor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rejoice","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:15:20.993Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('827eb384-bcf8-412d-82e1-0356bf9279c7', 'celebration', 'The action of marking one''s pleasure at an important event or occasion by engaging in enjoyable activities.', 'noun', 'celebración', 'latin', 'celebrare', 'to frequent, to honor, to celebrate', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"celebration","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celebrationem","meaning":"a frequenting, numerous assembly, solemnization","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celebrare","meaning":"to frequent, to honor, to celebrate","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celeber","meaning":"frequented, renowned, famous","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['celebrate','celebrity','famous','solemn']::text[], '[{"word":"festivity","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"commemoration","formality":"formal"},{"word":"party","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:03:59.974Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5bd497e0-2829-452f-bdb2-73e592f155ad', 'celebrity', 'A famous person, especially in the entertainment industry.', 'noun', 'celebridad', 'latin', 'celeber', 'frequented, famous, well-known', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"celebrity","meaning":"a famous person","children":[{"era":"14th century","word":"célébrité","meaning":"renown","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celebritatem","meaning":"fame, multitude","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"celeber","meaning":"frequented, famous, well-known","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['celebrate','celebrated','celebration','commemorate']::text[], '[{"word":"star","formality":"informal"},{"word":"icon","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dignitary","formality":"formal"},{"word":"notable","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T20:02:38.867Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5afc8e38-a44c-4a4c-98b9-43a55246b1c1', 'celery', 'A cultivated plant of the parsley family and its edible stalks.', 'noun', NULL, 'greek', 'σέλινον', 'celery', 'Ancient Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"celery","meaning":"edible stalk vegetable","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"céleri","meaning":"celery","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"selleri","meaning":"celery","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"selīnum","meaning":"celery","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"σέλινον","meaning":"celery","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Lombard"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['celeriac','cellery','smallage','celery root','celery salt']::text[], '[{"word":"smallage","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"celeriac","formality":"technical"},{"word":"wild celery","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T19:27:36.634Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3d747739-eee3-4ec3-833d-2b9193a6d09a', 'celeste', 'Light blue or sky-colored, or relating to the sky or heavens.', 'adjective', 'celeste', 'latin', 'caelestis', 'of the sky; heavenly', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"celeste","meaning":"light blue; heavenly","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"céleste","meaning":"heavenly; celestial","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caelestis","meaning":"of the sky; heavenly","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caelum","meaning":"sky; heaven","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['celestial','celestially','celestine','celestite']::text[], '[{"word":"heavenly","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sky-blue","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"azure","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T00:46:05.821Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('3d477afe-c666-4a4e-808a-c3e91d2a9ec7', 'celestial', 'Relating to the sky, the heavens, or heavenly bodies.', 'adjective', 'celestial', 'latin', 'caelum', 'sky; heaven', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"celestial","meaning":"relating to the sky, the heavens, or heavenly bodies","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"celestial","meaning":"heavenly; of the sky","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"celestial","meaning":"heavenly","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caelestis","meaning":"of the sky, heavenly","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caelum","meaning":"sky; heaven","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['celestially','celestialize','celestiality','celestine']::text[], '[{"word":"heavenly","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"astral","formality":"literary"},{"word":"sidereal","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T09:31:39.012Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5215b3ed-160b-46d1-acf3-69a389425bc1', 'cell', 'The smallest structural and functional unit of life; or a small room or compartment.', 'noun', 'célula', 'latin', 'cella', 'small room, chamber', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cell","meaning":"biological unit or small room","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"cell","meaning":"small chamber","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cella","meaning":"small room, chamber","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cellular','cellule','cellar','cellophane']::text[], '[{"word":"chamber","formality":"formal"},{"word":"compartment","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"room","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"unit","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.670Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('439da0bb-5b62-4cd0-86b6-f93982bfa4d3', 'cellar', 'An underground room or space, typically used for storage.', 'noun', 'celda', 'latin', 'cella', 'small room, store-room', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kel-', '{"era":"current","word":"cellar","meaning":"underground storage room","children":[{"era":"13th C","word":"celer","meaning":"storeroom","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cellarium","meaning":"storeroom, pantry","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cella","meaning":"small room, storeroom","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Anglo-Norman French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cell','cellular','conceal','excellent']::text[], '[{"word":"basement","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"vault","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"crypt","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:11:41.608Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('802334f8-fcc3-4181-8d34-a61a58e748aa', 'celtic', 'Relating to the Celts or their languages, which constitute a branch of the Indo-European family.', 'adjective', 'celta', 'greek', 'Keltoi', 'name of a people', 'Greek', '5th century BCE', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Celtic","meaning":"Relating to the Celts","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Celticus","meaning":"pertaining to the Celts","children":[{"era":"5th century BCE","word":"Keltoi","meaning":"name of a people","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Celt','Gaelic','Brythonic']::text[], '[{"word":"Gallic","formality":"literary"},{"word":"ancient European","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:10:16.210Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('41f6a14a-c306-4473-8adf-1e336ad7c557', 'cement', 'A powdered substance made of calcined lime and clay, mixed with water to form mortar or concrete.', 'noun', 'cemento', 'latin', 'caementum', 'rough, uncut stone', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cement","meaning":"current meaning","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"ciment","meaning":"a cement","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caementum","meaning":"rough, uncut stone; building material","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cementing','cementation','concrete','caementicius']::text[], '[{"word":"mortar","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"concrete","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"binder","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:20:44.640Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c4d67edd-5ef1-48de-8ca8-62993b93479c', 'cemetery', 'A burial ground, especially a large one not in a churchyard.', 'noun', 'cementerio', 'greek', 'koimētērion', 'sleeping place', 'Greek', '~200 AD', NULL, '{"era":"~200 AD","word":"koimētḗrion (κοιμητήριον)","meaning":"A sleeping place, dormitory. From koiman (to put to sleep).","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"cemetery","meaning":"A place for burying the dead.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cementerio","meaning":"Cemetery.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cenotaph','crypt','necropolis']::text[], '[{"word":"graveyard","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"burial ground","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"necropolis","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5ffadd92-1c6a-4386-9384-1bf1f138b81e', 'cent', 'A monetary unit equal to one hundredth of a dollar or other currency.', 'noun', 'centavo', 'latin', 'centum', 'hundred', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kmtom', '{"era":"current","word":"cent","meaning":"one hundredth of a monetary unit","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"cent","meaning":"monetary subdivision","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"centum","meaning":"hundred","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['center','century','centimeter','percent','centigrade']::text[], '[{"word":"penny","formality":"informal"},{"word":"hundredth","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:44.303Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ea53047a-111e-442d-bb12-3c23222aecf9', 'centers', 'Plural of center; the middle points or focal areas of something.', 'noun', 'centros', 'greek', 'kentron', 'point of a circle, center', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"centers","meaning":"plural of center","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"center","meaning":"the middle point","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"centre","meaning":"center","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kentron","meaning":"point of a circle","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['center','central','centroid','concentric']::text[], '[{"word":"middles","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hubs","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cores","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:40.980Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f8c703ad-2e18-42a4-a3ac-eab9a248d80d', 'centimeter', 'A centimeter is a unit of length equal to one hundredth of a meter.', 'noun', 'centímetro', 'latin', 'centum', 'hundred', 'Latin', 'classical', '*ḱm̥tóm', '{"era":"current","word":"centimeter","meaning":"one hundredth of a meter","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"centimetre","meaning":"centi- + metre","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"centi-","meaning":"hundredth","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"centum","meaning":"hundred","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"},{"era":"1700s","word":"mètre","meaning":"meter, measure","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"μέτρον","meaning":"measure","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['centimetre','centimetric','subcentimeter','centi-','millimeter']::text[], '[{"word":"centimetre","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cm","formality":"technical"},{"word":"hundredth of a metre","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T16:27:32.524Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b13b7697-ab57-4593-acd4-9dbe62d00c79', 'central', 'Positioned at, or near the center; of the utmost importance or significance.', 'adjective', 'central', 'latin', 'Latin centralis', 'relating to the center', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"central","meaning":"relating to the center; of utmost importance","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"central","meaning":"relating to the center","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"centralis","meaning":"relating to the center","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"centrum","meaning":"center, middle point","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['center','centrally','centralize','centrality']::text[], '[{"word":"middle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"core","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fundamental","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:54.554Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bdb71cdc-d686-4c2e-98d4-4d5982623667', 'centre', 'The middle point or part of something.', 'noun', 'centro', 'latin', 'centrum', 'middle, center point', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kent-', '{"era":"current","word":"centre","meaning":"the middle point","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"center","meaning":"the middle point","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"centre","meaning":"center, middle","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"centrum","meaning":"center, middle point","language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['central','centric','centrifuge','concentrate']::text[], '[{"word":"middle","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"core","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"heart","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:06:00.601Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fe4d821f-4730-44e3-a17c-07edcb707736', 'cereal', 'A grain used for food, such as wheat, oats, or corn.', 'noun', 'cereal', 'latin', 'Ceres', 'Roman goddess of agriculture', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cereal","meaning":"a grain used for food","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cerealis","meaning":"of grain, of Ceres","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Ceres","meaning":"Roman goddess of agriculture","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Ceres','create','creative','procreate','ceremony']::text[], '[{"word":"grain","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"corn","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"oats","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"wheat","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:02:39.205Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('13fff365-8942-4a6e-98e3-b02caa5bdb71', 'cerebral', 'Relating to the brain or to intellectual activity.', 'adjective', 'cerebral', 'latin', 'cerebrum', 'brain', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cerebral","meaning":"relating to the brain or to intellectual activity","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"cérébral","meaning":"relating to the brain","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cerebrum","meaning":"brain","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cerebrum','cerebellum','cerebrate','cerebration']::text[], '[{"word":"intellectual","formality":"formal"},{"word":"brainy","formality":"informal"},{"word":"thoughtful","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T18:43:58.029Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('bd1caae0-6fc5-4740-b791-77895370f230', 'ceremony', 'A formal event performed on a special occasion.', 'noun', 'ceremonia', 'french', 'ceremonie', 'sacred rite', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"caerimōnia","meaning":"Sacredness, reverence, religious rite.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"ceremonie","meaning":"Sacred rite, formal observance.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"ceremony","meaning":"A formal ritual or event.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"ceremonia","meaning":"Ceremony.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['ceremonial','ceremonious']::text[], '[{"word":"ritual","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rite","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9c2528dc-285c-40ab-89eb-41a8a54494df', 'certain', 'Known for sure; unable to be doubted.', 'adjective', 'cierto', 'french', 'certus', 'decided, resolved, sure', 'Latin', '200s BCE', '*krei-', '{"era":"4000 BCE","word":"*krei-","meaning":"To sieve, to separate, to decide.","children":[{"era":"300s BCE","word":"cernere","meaning":"To sift, to decide.","children":[{"era":"200s BCE","word":"certus","meaning":"Decided, settled, sure.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"certain","meaning":"Sure, determined.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"certain","meaning":"Definitely known; sure.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cierto","meaning":"Certain, sure.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['certainly','uncertainty','certificate','certify']::text[], '[{"word":"sure","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"definite","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"indubitable","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T15:04:08.797Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b7a383c1-2685-408d-985f-1a1134653227', 'certainty', 'The state of being certain; freedom from doubt.', 'noun', 'certeza', 'latin', 'certus', 'sure, fixed, decided', 'Latin', 'classical', '*krei-', '{"era":"current","word":"certainty","meaning":"The state of being certain; freedom from doubt.","children":[{"era":"c. 1300","word":"certain","meaning":"determined, fixed, sure","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"certus","meaning":"sure, fixed, resolved","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cernere","meaning":"to sift, separate, decide","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['certain','uncertain','certify','certitude','certainly']::text[], '[{"word":"assurance","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"certitude","formality":"formal"},{"word":"sureness","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-09T22:54:37.766Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('65189bc2-7bec-4be8-b5f0-58da58d7feb5', 'certificate', 'An official document attesting to a fact, qualification, or achievement.', 'noun', 'certificado', 'latin', 'certificare', 'to assure, to make certain', 'Medieval Latin', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"certificate","meaning":"formal document confirming something","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"certificat","meaning":"certified, assured","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"certificare","meaning":"to make certain, to assure","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"certus","meaning":"determined, sure, fixed","children":[],"language":"Latin"},{"era":"classical","word":"facere","meaning":"to make, to do","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['certify','certified','certification','certifiable']::text[], '[{"word":"diploma","formality":"formal"},{"word":"credential","formality":"formal"},{"word":"document","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:14.779Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7237bbcb-1be0-44b4-84df-6aadecc29773', 'certification', 'A formal document or process confirming that someone or something meets specified standards or requirements.', 'noun', 'certificación', 'latin', 'certificare', 'to make certain', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"certification","meaning":"formal confirmation of standards","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"certify","meaning":"to make certain","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"certificare","meaning":"to make certain","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"certus","meaning":"certain, sure","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['certify','certificate','certainty','certain']::text[], '[{"word":"attestation","formality":"formal"},{"word":"credential","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"verification","formality":"formal"},{"word":"documentation","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:47.185Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c6bd1f4a-0eb8-4b41-bb4e-bc88b738a73e', 'chair', 'A separate seat for one person with a back and legs.', 'noun', 'silla', 'french', 'chaiere', 'seat, throne', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"cathedra","meaning":"Seat, chair, professorial chair.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chaiere","meaning":"Seat, throne, pulpit.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chair","meaning":"A seat with a back.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"silla","meaning":"Chair.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chairman','chairperson','cathedral']::text[], '[{"word":"seat","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"throne","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('358acae7-d481-45fd-bcdb-bfdefc25b66b', 'chairman', 'A person who presides over a meeting, board, or organization.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'chair', 'seat of authority', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chairman","meaning":"person who presides","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chair","meaning":"seat, throne of authority","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chaiere","meaning":"chair, seat","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cathedra","meaning":"seat, chair","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"man","meaning":"human being, male person","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chair','chairwoman','chairperson','chairmanship']::text[], '[{"word":"president","formality":"formal"},{"word":"presiding officer","formality":"formal"},{"word":"chief","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:45.832Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f10dce72-f8ac-4030-b930-d55d11e0de71', 'challenge', 'A call to participate in a contest or a demanding task.', 'noun', 'desafío', 'french', 'chalenge', 'accusation, claim', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"calumnia","meaning":"Trickery, false accusation.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chalenge","meaning":"Accusation, claim, dispute.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"challenge","meaning":"A contest, demanding task.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"desafío","meaning":"Challenge.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['challenger','challenging','challenged']::text[], '[{"word":"test","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trial","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0ec1fb54-f80b-41c4-acd7-ce4410eb0db3', 'challenger', 'A challenger is a person or thing that contests, questions, or opposes an existing claim, holder, or position.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'calumnia', 'false accusation; slander', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"challenger","meaning":"one who contests or disputes an existing claim, holder, or position","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"challenge","meaning":"to call into question or dispute","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chalengier","meaning":"to accuse, claim, or dispute","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calumnia","meaning":"false accusation; slander","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['challenge','challenged','challenging','unchallenged','challengeable']::text[], '[{"word":"contender","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"opponent","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"rival","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T04:49:29.305Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1721ed74-803b-4ad4-be55-17970477f54a', 'chamber', 'A large room used for formal or official events.', 'noun', 'cámara', 'french', 'chambre', 'room, bedchamber', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"camera","meaning":"Vault, arched room.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chambre","meaning":"Room, bedchamber.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chamber","meaning":"A room, especially a formal one.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cámara","meaning":"Chamber, room.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chambermaid','antechamber']::text[], '[{"word":"room","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hall","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1732f0f3-83df-45d2-af74-001d2662d633', 'chamberlain', 'An official who oversees a household, chamber, or court office.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'camera', 'room, chamber', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chamberlain","meaning":"household or court official","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chamberlein","meaning":"court or household officer","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chamberlain","meaning":"officer of the chamber","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"camera","meaning":"room, chamber","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chamber','chambers','chamberlaincy','chamberlainship','chambering']::text[], '[{"word":"steward","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"court officer","formality":"formal"},{"word":"household official","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T08:34:59.868Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('59317086-7021-4ed5-b461-c6b81699d4b9', 'champagne', 'A sparkling white wine, typically made in the Champagne region of France.', 'noun', 'champán', 'french', 'Champagne', 'open country', 'French', '17th C', '*kamp-', '{"era":"current","word":"champagne","meaning":"sparkling wine","children":[{"era":"17th C","word":"Champagne","meaning":"name of a region in France","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campania","meaning":"open country, plain","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campus","meaning":"field","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['campaign','camp','campus','champion','countryside','field']::text[], '[{"word":"bubbly","formality":"informal"},{"word":"sparkling wine","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"fizz","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:07:17.808Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('70bf05d8-8363-4d51-8e27-4da7221da588', 'champion', 'A person who has surpassed all rivals in a competition.', 'noun', 'campeón', 'french', 'champion', 'fighter, warrior', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~200 AD","word":"campiōnem","meaning":"Gladiator, fighter, from campus (field).","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"champion","meaning":"Fighter, warrior, defender.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"champion","meaning":"A winner, defender.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"campeón","meaning":"Champion.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['championship','championed']::text[], '[{"word":"victor","formality":"formal"},{"word":"winner","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a14a5a20-9610-41b6-a9e2-424affc79a6b', 'championship', 'A contest or series of contests to determine a champion.', 'noun', 'campo', 'latin', 'campus', 'field, plain, battlefield', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"championship","meaning":"contest for a champion","children":[{"era":"current","word":"champion","meaning":"victor, fighter","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"champioun","meaning":"fighter","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"champion","meaning":"fighter, combatant","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campio","meaning":"fighter","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"campus","meaning":"field, battlefield","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['champion','field','campaign','campus','encamp']::text[], '[{"word":"title","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trophy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"competition","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tournament","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T12:02:16.392Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c61f3773-6c03-4e37-91fa-20e6ebb5fcef', 'chance', 'A possibility of something happening.', 'noun', 'chance', 'french', 'cheance', 'fortune, luck', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~200 AD","word":"cadentia","meaning":"A falling, from cadere (to fall).","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"cheance","meaning":"Fortune, luck, accident.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chance","meaning":"Possibility, luck.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"chance","meaning":"Chance, luck.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chancellor','mischance']::text[], '[{"word":"opportunity","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"prospect","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c16bddcd-d5ba-47dc-8497-3f24dbf6c90a', 'chancellor', 'A senior state or legal official.', 'noun', 'canciller', 'latin', 'cancellarius', 'doorkeeper, secretary', 'Late Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chancellor","meaning":"A senior state or legal official.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chancelier","meaning":"chancellor","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cancellarius","meaning":"doorkeeper, secretary","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cancelli","meaning":"latticework, barrier","language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cancel','chancel','chancery','lattice']::text[], '[{"word":"minister","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"premier","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dignitary","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-05T00:09:15.419Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('ac4e44f8-3ac5-41c5-b685-67d1c64ae17d', 'chandler', 'A person who makes or sells candles; a dealer in provisions and supplies of a specified kind.', 'noun', 'candelero', 'latin', 'chandelier', 'candlemaker, candlestick', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chandler","meaning":"A person who makes or sells candles or provisions.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"chandeler","meaning":"candlemaker","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chandelier","meaning":"candlemaker, candlestick","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"candela","meaning":"candle","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['candle','chandelier','incandescent','candelabrum','chandlery']::text[], '[{"word":"candlemaker","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"provisioner","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"purveyor","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:14:57.418Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b7a98c77-7edb-456a-9252-fbe0dd5ddb1b', 'change', 'To make or become different; an act or process of becoming different.', 'verb', 'cambiar', 'french', 'changier', 'to exchange, to barter', 'Old French', '1100s', '*kamb-', '{"era":"400s","word":"cambire","meaning":"To exchange.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"changier","meaning":"To change, to exchange.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"change","meaning":"To make different.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cambiar","meaning":"To change, to exchange.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Late Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['exchange','interchange','changeling']::text[], '[{"word":"alter","formality":"formal"},{"word":"modify","formality":"formal"},{"word":"shift","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('52031a6d-4b96-4fc6-9925-0ac58f28f7fa', 'changed', 'Made different or caused to become something else.', 'verb', 'cambiar', 'latin', 'Old French changer', 'to change, exchange', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"changed","meaning":"made different","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"change","meaning":"to alter or exchange","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"changer","meaning":"to change, exchange","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cambium","meaning":"exchange","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['change','changeable','exchange','interchange','unchanging']::text[], '[{"word":"altered","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"modified","formality":"formal"},{"word":"transformed","formality":"formal"},{"word":"switched","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:14.182Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('28b264a8-f146-4eea-bccf-ca439dfe335c', 'changes', 'Plural of change; instances of becoming different or causing something to become different.', 'noun', 'cambios', 'latin', 'cambiare', 'to exchange or barter', 'Medieval Latin', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"changes","meaning":"instances of alteration","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"change","meaning":"to make different","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"change","meaning":"to exchange","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cambiare","meaning":"to exchange or barter","children":[],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['change','changed','changing','changeable']::text[], '[{"word":"alterations","formality":"formal"},{"word":"modifications","formality":"formal"},{"word":"shifts","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"transformations","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:07.112Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('50be8507-4ddd-480a-a1fb-2aa06de77fe2', 'changing', 'Undergoing or causing to undergo alteration or transformation in condition or character.', 'verb', 'cambio', 'french', 'cambium', 'exchange, barter', 'Late Latin', '500s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"changing","meaning":"altering or transforming","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"change","meaning":"to alter, exchange","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"changer","meaning":"to exchange, barter","children":[{"era":"500s","word":"cambium","meaning":"exchange, barter","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['change','changeable','unchanged','exchange','interchange']::text[], '[{"word":"altering","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"transforming","formality":"formal"},{"word":"shifting","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"modifying","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:43.387Z');
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INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b6fc285f-4ac4-43ef-bd50-4c6eb4c7782d', 'chant', 'To sing or intone words or phrases in a repetitive, rhythmic way.', 'verb', 'cantar', 'latin', 'chanter', 'to sing', 'Old French', '13th century', '*kan-', '{"era":"current","word":"chant","meaning":"To sing rhythmically","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"chant","meaning":"to sing","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"chanter","meaning":"to sing","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cantare","meaning":"to sing","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['incantation','canticle','canto','descant','enchant']::text[], '[{"word":"sing","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"intone","formality":"formal"},{"word":"recite","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:18:21.855Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('be72b89b-4be2-49d7-b2ba-d08103f6bf3a', 'chaos', 'Complete disorder and confusion.', 'noun', 'caos', 'greek', 'khaos', 'vast chasm, void', 'Greek', '~700 BC', NULL, '{"era":"~700 BC","word":"kháos (χάος)","meaning":"The gaping void that existed before the creation of the world, in Hesiod''s Theogony.","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"chaos","meaning":"Utter confusion and disorder.","language":"English"},{"era":"1400s","word":"caos","meaning":"Chaos.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Greek"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chaotic','gas','chasm']::text[], '[{"word":"disorder","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pandemonium","formality":"formal"},{"word":"mayhem","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('be3a5ce9-8ee7-44cc-9392-401dc2b37962', 'chaotic', 'Characterized by chaos; highly disordered and unpredictable.', 'adjective', 'caótico', 'greek', 'χάος', 'gaping void; abyss', 'Ancient Greek', 'classical', '*ǵʰeh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"chaotic","meaning":"characterized by chaos","children":[{"era":"post-classical","word":"chaoticus","meaning":"of or pertaining to chaos","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"chaos","meaning":"chaos; primordial void","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"χάος","meaning":"gaping void; abyss","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chaos','chaotically','chaoticity','chaoticness']::text[], '[{"word":"disordered","formality":"formal"},{"word":"disorganized","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"jumbled","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T16:36:55.453Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('65f14c2a-c4a5-427e-82ba-a8cd412d16f4', 'chap', '(Of skin) to develop chaps; become rough and cracked.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, 'English', '1600s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chap","meaning":"to develop cracks or become rough","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"chap","meaning":"to break, to crack (uncertain origin, possibly related to chop or gape)","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chapped','chapfallen','chop','gape']::text[], '[{"word":"crack","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"split","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"roughen","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T06:03:54.901Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0c67bf32-00a0-4c6a-8aec-8032625eaf2a', 'chaperone', 'A person, typically older, who accompanies and supervises young people at social events; in biochemistry, a protein that assists in correct folding of other proteins.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'chaperon', 'hood, protective head covering', 'Old French', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chaperone","meaning":"supervisor of young people; protein folder","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"chaperon","meaning":"older person accompanying a young woman as protector","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"chaperon","meaning":"hood, protective covering for the head","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chape","meaning":"cape, hood","children":[{"era":"600s","word":"cappa","meaning":"hood, cap","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chaperon','chaperonage','cape','cap','chapel']::text[], '[{"word":"escort","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"guardian","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"duenna","formality":"archaic"},{"word":"companion","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T22:31:41.571Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6c8c5d11-d843-4fdb-a1b7-659e463ec65c', 'chaplain', 'A clergyman appointed to conduct religious services for a private institution, military unit, prison, or similar body.', 'noun', 'capellán', 'french', 'Late Latin capella', 'little cape; chapel', 'Late Latin', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chaplain","meaning":"a clergyman appointed to conduct religious services for a private institution, military unit, prison, or similar body","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chapelein","meaning":"clergyman","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cappellanus","meaning":"clergyman; custodian of St. Martin''s cloak","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"capella","meaning":"little cape; chapel, sanctuary","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chapel','chaplaincy','chaplaincy','chapelain','chapelry']::text[], '[{"word":"cleric","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"minister","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"ecclesiastic","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T20:28:01.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a946214d-dcf0-4e5a-928a-a7815257752c', 'chapman', 'An archaic word for a merchant or peddler, especially one who traveled to trade goods.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'Proto-West Germanic *kaupamann', 'dealer, merchant', 'Proto-West Germanic', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chapman","meaning":"an archaic merchant or peddler","children":[{"era":"c. 1100-1500","word":"chapman","meaning":"merchant, dealer","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ċēapmann","meaning":"dealer, merchant","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"*kaupamann","meaning":"dealer, merchant","children":[{"era":"current","word":"cheap","meaning":"trade, bargain","children":[],"language":"Modern English"},{"era":"current","word":"man","meaning":"person","children":[],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Proto-West Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheap','chap','chapmen','cheapen']::text[], '[{"word":"merchant","formality":"formal"},{"word":"trader","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"peddler","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T07:02:20.385Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('593bd52b-99c5-41a5-8283-f4c62d487c9a', 'chapter', 'A main division of a book or a period of time.', 'noun', 'capítulo', 'french', 'chapitre', 'chapter, heading', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"capitulum","meaning":"Little head, chapter, from caput (head).","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chapitre","meaning":"Chapter, heading, section.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chapter","meaning":"A division of a book.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"capítulo","meaning":"Chapter.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['capital','decapitate']::text[], '[{"word":"section","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"segment","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d7393dd2-22c0-4be7-a05d-ed7aa34ea6c0', 'char', 'To burn and blacken something.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'cearcol', 'charcoal', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"char","meaning":"to burn and blacken","children":[{"era":"14th century","word":"charcoal","meaning":"wood prepared for burning","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cearcol","meaning":"charcoal (composed of cearr ''turn'' and col ''coal'')","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charcoal','charring','charred','coal']::text[], '[{"word":"scorch","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"burn","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"singe","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T02:04:58.598Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7c8dbcbc-4757-4015-a923-baf6d4092ea8', 'character', 'The mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual; a person in a novel or film.', 'noun', 'carácter', 'greek', 'kharaktēr', 'engraved mark, distinctive quality', 'Greek', '400s BCE', '*gher-', '{"era":"4000 BCE","word":"*gher-","meaning":"To scrape, to scratch.","children":[{"era":"500s BCE","word":"kharassein","meaning":"To engrave, to scratch.","children":[{"era":"400s BCE","word":"kharaktēr","meaning":"Distinctive mark, imprint.","children":[{"era":"100s","word":"character","meaning":"Symbol, distinctive quality.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"character","meaning":"Qualities of a person; role in a story.","language":"English"},{"era":"1400s","word":"carácter","meaning":"Character, nature.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['characteristic','characterize','charade']::text[], '[{"word":"personality","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"nature","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"disposition","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T20:21:45.362Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dc67010a-ffb7-4577-8748-d9afe66b2532', 'characteristic', 'A feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing.', 'adjective', 'característica', 'greek', 'kharaktēr', 'engraving tool, imprinted mark', 'Greek', 'classical', '*ǵʰerh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"characteristic","meaning":"A feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"caractéristique","meaning":"characteristic","children":[{"era":"300-600 AD","word":"characteristicus","meaning":"characteristic","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kharaktēristikos","meaning":"distinctive","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kharaktēr","meaning":"engraving tool, imprinted mark","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['character','characterize','charisma','characterization']::text[], '[{"word":"typical","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"distinctive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"peculiar","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"representative","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T19:02:01.138Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('be244419-830c-4c33-a60d-0b7a3d2125a3', 'characterize', 'Describe the distinctive nature or features of.', 'verb', 'caracterizar', 'greek', 'kharakter', 'engraving tool, imprinted mark, distinctive quality', 'Greek', '800s BCE', '*ǵʰer-', '{"era":"current","word":"characterize","meaning":"Describe distinctive features","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"caractériser","meaning":"to characterize","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kharakterizein","meaning":"to characterize","children":[{"era":"800s BCE","word":"kharakter","meaning":"engraving tool, mark, quality","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['character','characteristic','charisma','charismatic','charactery']::text[], '[{"word":"describe","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"define","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"portray","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"represent","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:05:39.616Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('9a65a690-dc10-4ce9-8b86-32f6929a08cd', 'characters', 'Distinctive qualities or features of a person or thing; symbols representing sounds or letters.', 'noun', 'caracteres', 'greek', 'charassein', 'to engrave, mark, cut', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"characters","meaning":"distinctive qualities or features; symbols representing sounds or letters","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"character","meaning":"a distinctive quality; a letter or symbol","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"character","meaning":"a distinctive mark or quality","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charakter","meaning":"an engraved mark, a distinctive feature","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charassein","meaning":"to engrave, mark, cut","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['character','characterize','characteristic','charades']::text[], '[{"word":"traits","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"qualities","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"symbols","formality":"technical"},{"word":"letters","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:16.983Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('10f4fb7e-f31d-4a2e-a796-7b227de32af2', 'charade', 'a guessing game in which players act out words or phrases, or a deceptive pretense.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'charrada', 'conversation; chatter', 'Occitan', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charade","meaning":"a guessing game or a deceptive pretense","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charade","meaning":"idle conversation; a kind of riddle","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charrada","meaning":"conversation; chatter","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charrar","meaning":"to chat; to chatter","children":[],"language":"Occitan"}],"language":"Occitan"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charades','charading','charadist','charade-like']::text[], '[{"word":"pretense","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"guise","formality":"formal"},{"word":"farce","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T17:49:45.028Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a2492043-5da1-49be-ac91-7b407938bcf9', 'charcoal', 'A black, porous form of carbon made by heating wood or other organic material with little oxygen.', 'noun', NULL, 'latin', 'carbo', 'coal, charcoal', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charcoal","meaning":"carbonized wood used as fuel or pigment","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"char","meaning":"to burn or reduce to charcoal","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charbon","meaning":"coal, charcoal","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carbo","meaning":"coal, live coal","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Old French"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"coal","meaning":"solid fuel from carbonized matter","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['char','charred','charcoalize','charcoaly']::text[], '[{"word":"char","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"carbonized wood","formality":"technical"},{"word":"cinder","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T22:46:45.421Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('94cf67f2-e49b-4475-a0be-973f751ec7e4', 'charge', 'To demand payment or to rush forward in attack.', 'verb', 'cargar', 'french', 'chargier', 'to load, burden', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~300 AD","word":"carricāre","meaning":"To load a cart, from carrus (wagon).","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chargier","meaning":"To load, burden, accuse.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charge","meaning":"To demand payment, to attack.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cargar","meaning":"To load, charge.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['discharge','recharge','charger']::text[], '[{"word":"levy","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bill","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e23205e9-917f-41f5-8508-522339fa1e29', 'charger', 'A device for charging a battery; also, a horse trained for battle or parade.', 'noun', 'cargador', 'french', 'chargier', 'to load, burden', 'Old French', '1200s', '*karh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"charger","meaning":"charging device; warhorse","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"charger","meaning":"large dish; warhorse","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chargier","meaning":"to load, burden, attack","children":[{"era":"pre-600","word":"*carricare","meaning":"to load a cart","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carrus","meaning":"wagon, cart","children":[{"era":"pre-100","word":"*karros","meaning":"wagon, cart","children":[{"era":"ancient","word":"*karh₂-","meaning":"to run, cart","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Gaulish"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Vulgar Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charge','cargo','car','carry','discharge']::text[], '[{"word":"adapter","formality":"technical"},{"word":"power pack","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"steed","formality":"literary"},{"word":"warhorse","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T18:03:13.590Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('26a6d39c-addd-4ffe-b7ea-ae9d30a70103', 'charges', 'Plural of charge; costs, accusations, or electrical quantities.', 'noun', 'cargos', 'french', 'caricare', 'to load, burden', 'Late Latin', 'medieval', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charges","meaning":"plural of charge","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charge","meaning":"load, burden, cost","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"charger","meaning":"to load, burden","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"caricare","meaning":"to load, burden","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charge','charger','charging','charged','chargeable']::text[], '[{"word":"costs","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"accusations","formality":"formal"},{"word":"fees","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"prices","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:40.322Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('0047ed28-bda4-440b-8fb1-c606e87b89e1', 'charisma', 'A compelling personal quality or divine gift that inspires devotion, enthusiasm, or loyalty in others.', 'noun', 'carisma', 'greek', 'kharisma', 'gift of divine grace or favor', 'Ancient Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charisma","meaning":"compelling personal magnetism","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"charisma","meaning":"divine gift or spiritual grace","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"khárisma","meaning":"gift of grace, favor bestowed","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kháris","meaning":"grace, beauty, favor","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"New Latin / theological Latin"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charismatic','charism','charismata','Eucharist','charity']::text[], '[{"word":"magnetism","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"allure","formality":"formal"},{"word":"charm","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"appeal","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T23:26:18.910Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cf90bdaf-2e99-4a9f-b980-00e0384aa501', 'charitable', 'Relating to the assistance of those in need; benevolent.', 'adjective', 'caritativo', 'latin', 'caritas', 'affection, love, benevolence, charity', 'Latin', 'classical', '*keh₂r-', '{"era":"current","word":"charitable","meaning":"Relating to the assistance of those in need; benevolent.","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"charité","meaning":"Christian love, generosity","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caritas","meaning":"affection, love, benevolence, charity","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charity','charism','charitable','charitably']::text[], '[{"word":"generous","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"benevolent","formality":"formal"},{"word":"philanthropic","formality":"formal"},{"word":"giving","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:19:49.154Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6bb4ee7a-94c1-4994-b39b-4cd8e46ef022', 'charity', 'The voluntary giving of help, typically in the form of money, to those in need.', 'noun', 'caridad', 'french', 'caritas', 'costly love, esteem, benevolence', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charity","meaning":"The voluntary giving of help, typically in the form of money, to those in need.","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"charite","meaning":"Christian love","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caritas","meaning":"costly love, esteem, benevolence","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carus","meaning":"dear, beloved","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charitable','caring','cherish','caress']::text[], '[{"word":"benevolence","formality":"formal"},{"word":"philanthropy","formality":"formal"},{"word":"generosity","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:01:46.605Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('de5f378c-d91f-4e16-b17a-593edc41e557', 'charles', 'A male given name of Germanic origin.', 'noun', 'Carlos', 'germanic', 'karl', 'a man, fellow', 'Old German', 'pre-1100', '*karlaz', '{"era":"current","word":"Charles","meaning":"male given name","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"Charles","meaning":"man, fellow","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Karl","meaning":"a man, fellow","children":[],"language":"Old German"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Charlie','Charlene','Carl']::text[], '[{"word":"Chad","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Christopher","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"Carlos","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:14.573Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e594925c-06df-4420-a758-ad4f4692b6e2', 'charley', 'A fool or simpleton; also an informal variant of Charlie.', 'noun', 'Carlos', 'germanic', 'Karl', 'man; husband; free man', 'Middle High German', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charley","meaning":"a fool or simpleton; an informal variant of Charlie","children":[{"era":"modern","word":"Charlie","meaning":"a fool; the personal name used as the source of the slang term","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"Charles","meaning":"male personal name","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Carolus","meaning":"Latin form of Charles","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"Karl","meaning":"man; husband; free man","children":[],"language":"Middle High German"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Charlie','Charles','Carl','Carlos']::text[], '[{"word":"fool","formality":"informal"},{"word":"simpleton","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dupe","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-09T21:28:01.026Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('81c88855-c769-46ab-9b19-03b2cece6900', 'charm', 'The power of delighting or attracting people.', 'noun', 'encanto', 'french', 'charme', 'magic spell, enchantment', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"carmen","meaning":"Song, incantation, charm.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"charme","meaning":"Magic spell, enchantment.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charm","meaning":"Attractiveness, magic spell.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"encanto","meaning":"Charm, enchantment.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charming','charmed','disenchant']::text[], '[{"word":"allure","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"magnetism","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d41cad69-d724-4acc-a967-36beac460a99', 'chart', 'A sheet displaying information in the form of a table, graph, or map.', 'noun', 'carta', 'latin', 'charta', 'papyrus paper or document', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chart","meaning":"information display sheet","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"charte","meaning":"map or document","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charta","meaning":"papyrus paper","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charter','card','cartoon','character']::text[], '[{"word":"graph","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"diagram","formality":"formal"},{"word":"map","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:41.484Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('8ec89f4d-b7c6-430d-a9ae-60a4c7fb0379', 'charter', 'A written grant by the sovereign or legislative power of a country, by which a body such as a borough, company, or university is created or its rights and privileges defined.', 'noun', 'carta', 'latin', 'charta', 'paper, leaf, written document', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charter","meaning":"written grant","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"charte","meaning":"letter, document","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charta","meaning":"paper, leaf, written document","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"khartēs","meaning":"papyrus, written sheet","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chart','cartography','carte','parchment','discard']::text[], '[{"word":"document","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"grant","formality":"formal"},{"word":"license","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T03:03:29.683Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6c28bd16-a4d9-4518-9ce6-637d842e1111', 'charts', 'Visual representations of data or information in the form of diagrams or graphs.', 'noun', 'cartas', 'greek', 'chartis', 'leaf of papyrus', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"charts","meaning":"visual data representations","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"chart","meaning":"map, document","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"charte","meaning":"paper, document, map","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"charta","meaning":"papyrus, document","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"chartis","meaning":"leaf of papyrus","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chart','charter','card','chart','charcuterie']::text[], '[{"word":"diagrams","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"graphs","formality":"technical"},{"word":"maps","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"tables","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:49.184Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d3c54254-f301-4a61-bae3-6a80b39501b7', 'chase', 'To pursue in order to catch or catch up with.', 'verb', 'cazar', 'french', 'chacier', 'to hunt, pursue', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"captāre","meaning":"To try to seize, catch at.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chacier","meaning":"To hunt, pursue, drive.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chase","meaning":"To pursue, hunt.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"cazar","meaning":"To hunt.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chasing','chaser']::text[], '[{"word":"pursue","formality":"formal"},{"word":"hunt","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('37d88436-e64d-4171-8d2b-44cf7714af25', 'chassis', 'The base frame of a motor vehicle or other wheeled conveyance.', 'noun', 'chasis', 'french', 'capsa', 'box, case', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chassis","meaning":"The base frame of a motor vehicle or other wheeled conveyance.","children":[{"era":"17th century","word":"châssis","meaning":"frame, casing","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"capsa","meaning":"box, case","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['case','capsule','caption','catch','capacitate']::text[], '[{"word":"frame","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"framework","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"structure","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"skeleton","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T23:05:39.616Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('dd162a33-5ff6-4924-b743-f406484c5ebe', 'chastity', 'Chastity is the quality of sexual purity or abstinence, especially in moral or religious contexts.', 'noun', 'castidad', 'latin', 'castus', 'pure, chaste', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chastity","meaning":"sexual purity or abstinence","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chasteté","meaning":"chastity, purity","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"castitas","meaning":"purity, moral cleanliness","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"castus","meaning":"pure, chaste","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chaste','chastely','chasteness','castity']::text[], '[{"word":"purity","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"virtue","formality":"formal"},{"word":"celibacy","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T05:50:21.344Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6cd8896a-3ab3-4716-8f7a-d61b9a4ca2d1', 'chat', 'To have a casual conversation with someone.', 'verb', NULL, 'other', 'chatter', 'to chatter, talk rapidly', 'Middle English', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"1300s","word":"chat","meaning":"to talk casually","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"chatter","meaning":"to talk rapidly or continuously","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Middle English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chatter','chatty','chatting']::text[], '[{"word":"talk","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"converse","formality":"formal"},{"word":"gossip","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:55.172Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2bd8245d-bb9f-4db0-87be-fe60ed2be862', 'chatter', 'To talk rapidly and incessantly about trivial matters.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', '*ceteren', 'chatter, prattle', 'Middle English', '1300s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chatter","meaning":"talk rapidly and incessantly","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"chateren","meaning":"to chatter, prattle","children":[],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chitchat','prattle','jabber']::text[], '[{"word":"babble","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"gossip","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"prate","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T04:06:49.794Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('f3c6892e-c838-4063-92c5-799872d1b6c0', 'chauffeur', 'A person employed to drive a private car, originally one who tended the fire in a steam vehicle.', 'noun', NULL, 'french', 'Vulgar Latin calefacere', 'to make warm', 'Vulgar Latin', 'classical', '*kel-', '{"era":"current","word":"chauffeur","meaning":"a private professional driver","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"chauffeur","meaning":"one who tends a motor vehicle; driver","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chauffer","meaning":"to heat; make warm","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calefacere","meaning":"to make warm","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"calēre","meaning":"to be warm","children":[],"language":"Latin"},{"era":"classical","word":"facere","meaning":"to make, do","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Vulgar Latin"}],"language":"Old French/French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chauffeuse','chauffage','chauffeur-driven','chauffeurship','chauffe']::text[], '[{"word":"driver","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"car driver","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"chaffeur","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-09T21:28:01.026Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('38e1de47-ba8c-471b-8fb2-2764da71756a', 'cheap', 'Inexpensive; costing little money.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceap', 'to buy, barter, trade', 'Old English', '800s', '*kap-', '{"era":"current","word":"cheap","meaning":"inexpensive","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"cheap","meaning":"a bargain, inexpensive","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"ceap","meaning":"to buy, barter, trade, price","language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheapen','cheapskate','cheaper','cheaply']::text[], '[{"word":"inexpensive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"affordable","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"low-cost","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:06:00.601Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('b75cfb5a-c6cf-4d03-b3f0-bedd645b2686', 'cheat', 'To act dishonestly or unfairly in order to gain an advantage.', 'verb', NULL, 'french', 'escheoir', 'to fall to one''s lot, happen', 'Old French', '1200s', '*kad-', '{"era":"current","word":"cheat","meaning":"To act dishonestly or unfairly","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"eschete","meaning":"legal forfeiture","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"escheoir","meaning":"to fall to one''s lot, happen","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"ex-","meaning":"out","children":[],"language":"Latin"},{"era":"classical","word":"cadere","meaning":"to fall","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['escheat','chance','casualty','accident']::text[], '[{"word":"deceive","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"trick","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"defraud","formality":"formal"},{"word":"swindle","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T19:02:01.138Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2ae204d5-83f2-4068-b11f-2023dcaaae4a', 'check', 'To verify, examine, or confirm something; also a method of payment.', 'verb', 'cheque', 'french', 'chec', 'king (in chess), check', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"check","meaning":"to verify or control","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"check","meaning":"to control or examine","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chec","meaning":"king (chess), check","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['checking','checker','checkup','checklist']::text[], '[{"word":"verify","formality":"formal"},{"word":"examine","formality":"formal"},{"word":"inspect","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:11:53.494Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('a529831d-8eba-4808-b631-4651848710df', 'checklist', 'a list of items required, things to be done, or points to be considered, used as a reminder.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'check + list', NULL, 'English', '1930s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"checklist","meaning":"list of items to check","children":[{"era":"1930s (component)","word":"check","meaning":"to examine, verify","children":[],"language":"English"},{"era":"1930s (component)","word":"list","meaning":"a series of names or items written or printed together","children":[],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['checkpoint','listing','listicle','to-do list']::text[], '[{"word":"inventory","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"roster","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"schedule","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"agenda","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:13:18.833Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('704c4e28-e5a4-4e91-b980-163a05dc7a08', 'checkout', 'The process of paying for goods at a store, or a counter where this occurs.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'check', 'to stop, verify', 'Middle English', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"1900s","word":"checkout","meaning":"place or process of paying for goods","children":[{"era":"1900s","word":"checkout","meaning":"counter where items are purchased","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"check","meaning":"to stop, examine, verify","children":[{"era":"1000s","word":"check","meaning":"stop (in chess)","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['check','checking','checked','checker']::text[], '[{"word":"register","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"point of sale","formality":"technical"},{"word":"till","formality":"informal"},{"word":"counter","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:22:43.601Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('89acaaed-01d3-407d-9adf-9588d06672a1', 'cheek', 'Either side of the face below the eye and above the mouth.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceace', 'jaw, jawbone', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheek","meaning":"side of face","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceace","meaning":"jaw, jawbone","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['jaw','jowl','chops']::text[], '[{"word":"jowl","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"side of face","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"mug","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:13:43.928Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('884f91f1-4b81-4e3e-8b01-e470aabd4277', 'cheeky', 'Impudent or irreverent, typically in a playful or endearing way.', 'adjective', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceace', 'jaw, cheek', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kewk-', '{"era":"current","word":"cheeky","meaning":"impudent in a playful way","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cheek","meaning":"side of the face","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceace","meaning":"jaw, cheek","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheek','chin','cheekbone','cheekiness']::text[], '[{"word":"impudent","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"sassy","formality":"informal"},{"word":"audacious","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"impertinent","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:17:30.692Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6c0a78dd-f213-4cc9-ad3b-006cd680c869', 'cheer', 'To shout for joy or in praise or encouragement.', 'verb', NULL, 'french', 'chiere', 'face, countenance, mood', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheer","meaning":"to shout for joy","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"chere","meaning":"face, countenance, reception","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chiere","meaning":"face, countenance, mood","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cara","meaning":"face","children":[],"language":"Late Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['countenance','face','chary','charisma']::text[], '[{"word":"applaud","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"encourage","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"root for","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T21:09:51.775Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('c867a229-f9df-4aa9-a9d6-ec6684613f3a', 'cheerio', 'A casual British exclamation used to say goodbye or to express good wishes, especially when raising a drink.', 'interjection', NULL, 'french', 'chiere', 'face, countenance, expression', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheerio","meaning":"casual farewell or toast","children":[{"era":"early 1900s","word":"cheerio","meaning":"goodbye; cheers (diminutive of cheer + -io suffix)","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"cheer","meaning":"face, mood; later, shout of encouragement or goodwill","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chiere","meaning":"face, expression","children":[{"era":"700s","word":"cara","meaning":"face","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kara","meaning":"head, face","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"British English colloquial"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheer','cheerful','cheery','cheers','cheerfully']::text[], '[{"word":"farewell","formality":"formal"},{"word":"goodbye","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cheers","formality":"informal"},{"word":"toodle-oo","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-15T23:26:18.910Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('e98d4c48-505b-4862-82fe-46dba4d6afa9', 'cheese', 'A food product made from the pressed curds of milk, often ripened.', 'noun', 'queso', 'latin', 'caseus', 'cheese', 'Latin', 'classical', '*kwat-', '{"era":"current","word":"cheese","meaning":"food from curds","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cēse","meaning":"cheese","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caseus","meaning":"cheese","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheesecake','casein','cheeseburger','cheesy']::text[], '[{"word":"curd","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"dairy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"formaggio","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T09:04:27.310Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d78c76b3-9e0b-4f46-be3f-ab635d32671b', 'cheeseburger', 'A hamburger topped with cheese.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'hamburger', 'a hamburger sandwich named from Hamburg', 'English', '1900s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheeseburger","meaning":"a hamburger topped with cheese","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cheese","meaning":"the dairy food made from curdled milk","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"1900s","word":"hamburger","meaning":"a ground-beef sandwich named from Hamburg","children":[{"era":"medieval","word":"Hamburg","meaning":"the German city name behind hamburger","children":[],"language":"German"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheese','hamburger','cheeseburgers','burger']::text[], '[{"word":"cheese burger","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"hamburger with cheese","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cheesehamburger","formality":"archaic"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T02:42:12.880Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6e0ca218-aecd-4280-8728-104b8c0f6c6b', 'cheesecake', 'Cheesecake is a dessert made with a sweet filling of cheese or cream cheese on a crust or base.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheesecake","meaning":"a dessert made with cheese or cream cheese on a crust","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cheese","meaning":"curdled milk product","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cake","meaning":"a baked sweet or bread-like food","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheeses','cheesy','cakes','cheesecakes']::text[], '[{"word":"cheese pie","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cheese tart","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"cheese dessert","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T15:30:31.118Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('932bdfa9-78c2-4884-8277-fa42c815e1a3', 'cheesy', 'Resembling cheese, or figuratively overly sentimental, corny, or low-quality.', 'adjective', NULL, 'latin', 'cāseus', 'cheese', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheesy","meaning":"resembling cheese; also overly sentimental or corny","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chesy","meaning":"made of or like cheese","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cheese","meaning":"cheese","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cāseus","meaning":"cheese","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheese','cheesiness','cheesily','cheesier']::text[], '[{"word":"corny","formality":"informal"},{"word":"mawkish","formality":"formal"},{"word":"cloying","formality":"formal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T09:31:39.012Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2ac9d55d-74a3-45ba-9454-8a8271c81438', 'chef', 'A professional cook, typically the chief cook in a restaurant or hotel.', 'noun', 'jefe', 'french', 'chef', 'head, chief', 'Old French', '1100s', '*kaput-', '{"era":"current","word":"chef","meaning":"A professional cook.","children":[{"era":"1700s","word":"chef","meaning":"head cook","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chef","meaning":"head, chief","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"caput","meaning":"head","children":[{"era":"5000-3000 BCE","word":"*kaput-","meaning":"head","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cheffy','sous chef','head chef','master chef','chief']::text[], '[{"word":"cook","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"culinarian","formality":"formal"},{"word":"saucier","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T19:06:00.529Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('51810bc5-3ae9-4887-a82d-9aff391416cc', 'chemical', 'Relating to or produced by chemistry or chemicals.', 'adjective', 'químico', 'greek', 'chemia', 'alchemy, art of transmuting metals', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chemical","meaning":"relating to chemistry","children":[{"era":"1500s","word":"chymical","meaning":"relating to alchemy","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"chemia","meaning":"alchemy, transmutation","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chemistry','chemist','chemically','alchemist']::text[], '[{"word":"molecular","formality":"technical"},{"word":"synthetic","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:16.556Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('51ba3686-9347-4e53-b0d4-291db50aefbf', 'chemist', 'A chemist is a person who studies, works with, or practices chemistry.', 'noun', 'químico', 'greek', 'khēmeia', 'alchemy, the art of transformation', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chemist","meaning":"a person who studies or practices chemistry","children":[{"era":"1600s","word":"chemistry","meaning":"the science of matter and its transformations","children":[{"era":"1400s","word":"chimie","meaning":"alchemy, chemistry","children":[{"era":"1000s","word":"chimia","meaning":"alchemy","children":[{"era":"700s","word":"al-kīmiyāʾ","meaning":"alchemy","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"khēmeia","meaning":"alchemy","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Arabic"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chemistry','chemical','alchemy','chemist''s','química']::text[], '[{"word":"scientist","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"researcher","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"pharmacist","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T07:02:20.385Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('7864aac2-1493-4e0f-9f52-08596536c111', 'chemistry', 'The scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.', 'noun', 'química', 'greek', 'khemeia', 'art of transmuting metals, black earth', 'Greek', '4th century BCE', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chemistry","meaning":"The scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.","children":[{"era":"17th century","word":"chimie","meaning":"chemistry","children":[{"era":"16th century","word":"chemia","meaning":"alchemy, chemistry","children":[{"era":"9th century","word":"al-kīmiyāʾ","meaning":"the art of transmuting metals","children":[{"era":"4th century BCE","word":"khemeia","meaning":"art of transmuting metals, black earth","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Arabic"}],"language":"Medieval Latin"}],"language":"French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['alchemist','alchemy','chemical','chemist','biochemical']::text[], '[{"word":"science","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"analysis","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"composition","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-03T17:03:45.172Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('5da2a0f9-2685-481f-86bf-87f31c8fffa8', 'chemo', 'Chemo is an informal shortening of chemotherapy, especially cancer drug treatment.', 'noun', 'quimio', 'greek', 'khēmeía', 'alchemy; chemistry', 'Greek', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chemo","meaning":"informal shortening of chemotherapy","children":[{"era":"1900s","word":"chemotherapy","meaning":"treatment of disease, especially cancer, with chemicals or drugs","children":[{"era":"1900s","word":"chemo-","meaning":"relating to chemistry or chemical treatment","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"khēmeía","meaning":"alchemy; chemistry","children":[],"language":"Ancient Greek"}],"language":"English combining form"}],"language":"Modern English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chemotherapy','chemical','chemistry','chemist','chemotherapeutic']::text[], '[{"word":"chemotherapy","formality":"formal"},{"word":"cancer treatment","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"drug therapy","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"antineoplastic therapy","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-10T00:47:14.985Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cbde2254-cfb2-4080-b4a7-2078923593dd', 'cheque', 'A written order to a bank to pay a stated sum from the drawer''s account.', 'noun', 'cheque', 'french', 'eschec', 'a check (in chess), a stop, a delay', 'Old French', '1200s', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cheque","meaning":"bank order for payment","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"check","meaning":"a chess move; a stop","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"eschec","meaning":"a check (in chess), a defeat","children":[],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['check','exchequer','checker','treasury','bill']::text[], '[{"word":"draft","formality":"formal"},{"word":"bill of exchange","formality":"technical"},{"word":"money order","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T22:13:18.833Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6e05ef41-b6f3-4370-b14f-dc62f86bdf6b', 'cherish', 'To hold (something or someone) dear; to feel or show great love for.', 'verb', 'caricia', 'french', 'carus', 'dear, beloved', 'Latin', 'classical', '*keh₂-', '{"era":"current","word":"cherish","meaning":"to hold dear","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"cherir","meaning":"to hold dear, to love","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"carus","meaning":"dear, beloved","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['charity','caress','darling','chary']::text[], '[{"word":"adore","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"treasure","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"nurture","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"foster","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T07:23:30.372Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('cee9a104-e3b4-44ff-ad9b-7e354de05727', 'cherry', 'A small, round stone fruit that is typically bright red and sweet.', 'noun', 'cereza', 'latin', 'cerasum', 'cherry', 'Latin', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"cherry","meaning":"fruit","children":[{"era":"13th century","word":"cherise","meaning":"cherry","children":[{"era":"12th century","word":"cerise","meaning":"cherry","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cerasum","meaning":"cherry (from Greek kerasos)","children":[],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Anglo-Norman"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['cherries','cherry tree','cherry pie']::text[], '[{"word":"fruit","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"berry","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:10:59.691Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('2bfed7ba-e559-4fb7-a055-ea16acd7507c', 'chest', 'A large sturdy box used for storage, or the front part of the human torso enclosing the heart and lungs.', 'noun', NULL, 'greek', 'kistē', 'box, basket', 'Greek', 'classical', '*kista-', '{"era":"current","word":"chest","meaning":"storage box; thoracic cavity","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cheste","meaning":"box, coffer","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"cista","meaning":"box, basket","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"kistē","meaning":"box, basket for storing goods","children":[],"language":"Greek"}],"language":"Latin"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['coffer','casket','cist','cistern','pectoral']::text[], '[{"word":"coffer","formality":"literary"},{"word":"trunk","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"box","formality":"informal"},{"word":"thorax","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-07-07T03:21:10.929Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('44ebdc7b-e5d1-42bd-80c7-3be25fbd0977', 'cheung', 'A common Chinese surname.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'Zhāng (張)', 'to open up, spread', 'Old Chinese', 'classical', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"Cheung","meaning":"Chinese surname","children":[{"era":"current","word":"Zhāng (張)","meaning":"surname","children":[{"era":"classical","word":"Zhāng (張)","meaning":"to open up, spread","children":[],"language":"Old Chinese"}],"language":"Cantonese Romanization"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Zhang','Chang','surname','family name']::text[], '[]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T08:19:44.276Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('372e2cf7-e34f-413f-93af-bac7c7e21abd', 'chew', 'To masticate food; to bite and grind with the teeth.', 'verb', NULL, 'germanic', 'ceowan', 'to chew', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kewwaną', '{"era":"current","word":"chew","meaning":"To masticate food; to bite and grind with the teeth.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chewen","meaning":"to chew","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"ceowan","meaning":"to chew","children":[{"era":"pre-500","word":"*kewwaną","meaning":"to chew","children":[{"era":"3000-2500 BCE","word":"*ǵyewh₁-","meaning":"to chew","children":[],"language":"Proto-Indo-European"}],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chaw','jaw','gobble','gnaw','masticate']::text[], '[{"word":"masticate","formality":"formal"},{"word":"gnaw","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"munch","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-07T05:16:48.517Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('550cc106-d0bf-402a-9f12-f3b8892b84b3', 'chicago', 'A major city in Illinois located on Lake Michigan.', 'noun', NULL, 'other', 'shikaakwa', 'wild garlic or skunk', 'Potawatomi/Algonquian', 'pre-1600', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"chicago","meaning":"city name","children":[{"era":"1800s","word":"Chicago","meaning":"place name","children":[{"era":"pre-1600","word":"shikaakwa","meaning":"wild garlic or skunk","children":[],"language":"Potawatomi"}],"language":"English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['Chicagoan','Chicago-style']::text[], '[{"word":"Chi-town","formality":"informal"},{"word":"the Windy City","formality":"informal"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-04-13T02:19:10.506Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('fbdd2365-0d4f-4f10-a32f-c826c50d3846', 'chick', 'A young bird, especially one newly hatched.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'cicen', 'young fowl', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kik-', '{"era":"current","word":"chick","meaning":"A young bird, especially one newly hatched.","children":[{"era":"1300s","word":"chike","meaning":"chicken","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cicen","meaning":"young fowl","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chicken','pullet','hen','rooster']::text[], '[{"word":"fledgling","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"young bird","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T20:06:18.508Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('71ddb15f-3d46-42fc-b2ed-56eb28aacc57', 'chicken', 'A common domesticated fowl kept for its eggs or meat.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'cicen', 'young fowl', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', '*kiukina', '{"era":"current","word":"chicken","meaning":"domesticated fowl","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cicen","meaning":"young fowl","children":[{"era":"pre-400","word":"*kiukina","meaning":"chicken","children":[],"language":"Proto-Germanic"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chick','cock','hen','poultry']::text[], '[{"word":"fowl","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"poulet","formality":"literary"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T01:03:28.086Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('4ba4a703-dc9c-43c2-aa3f-8ce08ae8ea01', 'chief', 'A leader or ruler of a people or group.', 'noun', 'jefe', 'french', 'chief', 'leader, head', 'Old French', '1100s', NULL, '{"era":"~100 BC","word":"caput","meaning":"Head, leader, chief.","children":[{"era":"1100s","word":"chief","meaning":"Leader, head, principal.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"chief","meaning":"A leader, the most important.","language":"English"},{"era":"1200s","word":"jefe","meaning":"Chief, boss.","language":"Spanish"}],"language":"Old French"}],"language":"Latin"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['chieftain','chef','achieve']::text[], '[{"word":"leader","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"head","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-06T21:15:31.795Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('1401059a-a450-44e4-a4cd-ceeffdf6a58c', 'child', 'A young human being below the age of puberty.', 'noun', 'niño', 'germanic', 'cild', 'infant, fetus', 'Old English', '800s', '*gel-', '{"era":"1300s","word":"child","meaning":"A young human being.","children":[{"era":"1200s","word":"child","meaning":"Young person.","children":[{"era":"800s","word":"cild","meaning":"Infant, fetus, unborn child.","language":"Old English"}],"language":"Middle English"}],"language":"English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['childhood','childlike','children','childbirth']::text[], '[{"word":"kid","formality":"informal"},{"word":"youth","formality":"formal"},{"word":"minor","formality":"legal"}]'::jsonb, 'manual', TRUE, '2026-04-12T22:41:10.030Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('6426edd1-edf2-4906-b89d-93c8fee74749', 'childbirth', 'The process of giving birth to a child.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"childbirth","meaning":"the process of giving birth to a child","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"child","meaning":"a young person; offspring","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"birth","meaning":"the act or process of being born","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['child','children','birth','childbearing']::text[], '[{"word":"delivery","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"labor","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"parturition","formality":"technical"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-11T10:28:11.025Z');
INSERT INTO words (id, word, definition, part_of_speech, spanish_cognate, language_family, root, root_meaning, root_language, root_era, proto_root, etymology_tree, related_words, synonyms, enriched_by, verified, created_at) VALUES ('d1e88d32-ef2e-4ab7-baaa-2818056abaa3', 'childhood', 'The period of life when a person is a child.', 'noun', NULL, 'germanic', 'cild + had', 'young person + state, condition', 'Old English', 'pre-1100', NULL, '{"era":"current","word":"childhood","meaning":"The state of being a child","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cildhad","meaning":"childhood","children":[{"era":"pre-1100","word":"cild","meaning":"child","children":[],"language":"Old English"},{"era":"pre-1100","word":"had","meaning":"state, condition","children":[],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Old English"}],"language":"Modern English"}'::jsonb, ARRAY['child','childish','childlike','adulthood']::text[], '[{"word":"infancy","formality":"formal"},{"word":"youth","formality":"neutral"},{"word":"juvenescence","formality":"literary"},{"word":"minority","formality":"neutral"}]'::jsonb, 'claude', FALSE, '2026-06-04T17:10:59.691Z');
